Global Challenges
- GlobalizationTechnologyInformation
- Change Services Customer Focus Organizational Structure Organizational Culture Responsibility Pattern Caption People
Main challenges in Peru
- GLOBALIZATION TECHNOLOGY CHANGE COMPETENCE MANAGEMENT MARKET LEGISLATION UTILITIES SUPPLIERS CLIENTS SHAREHOLDERS CREDITORS CLIENTS TAX BURDEN SOCIAL BURDEN QUALITY OF SERVICE
The new conditions in the business world:
- Constant increase in the speed of change Information technology accelerates strategic decision-making Global competitiveness will be tougher Small margins of error in quality Stalking competition in search of finding and taking advantage of our errors Increasingly demanding customers and discriminators.Reduction of profit margins.Click to modify the styleNeed to have a global vision of the market.Project sales and predefined subtitle of the pattern or the impact of the company.Sensitivity to the needs, expectations and desires of the customer.
Characteristics of the 21st century
- Fast, flexible, customer-focused, friendly, humanistic, highly competitive, changes in the globalized world: technology, competitiveness, survival, managerial leadership
Changes in Peru: privatizations, reduction of the state, resizing of benefits.
In companies: intelligent organizations, human factor first strategic imperative and competitive advantage, new management, culture, customer satisfaction, efficiency, positioning, growth, development, added values at all levels.
In people: new competencies, adaptation of change, multi-skills, employ the employer's subtitle more than employees.
The three forces of change
- PARRIOCHIALISM VS GLOBALIZATION HIERARCHIZATION VS EMPOWERMENT MECHANIZATION VS ORCHESTATION
Changes at the end of the 20th century
The Changes produced: economic, technological and political of historical proportions:
The fall of the Berlin wall.
The opening of borders.
Regional Blocking: Union Click to modify the style
European, NAFTA, Mercosur.de subtitle of the pattern The computerization of society.
First micro-exchange operating in Peru
Since 1991
World merchandise exports by product, 2000 and 2004 a Excluding automotive products and office and telecommunications equipment (which are included in machinery and transport equipment throughout this report, unless otherwise indicated).
3- WHAT IS A TLC? HOW IS IT TRADED? WHAT IS TRADED?
RECORDERIS: “Free Trade Zone (FTA) The members of the community disappear from each other the tariffs through an application calendar and any other type of obstacle to trade, each member of the community retains their tariff rights against third countries.
There must be a Certificate of Origin
Certificate of origin. Merchandise is agreed for each one. And it is signed by an agreed, defined and state organization. 100% produced in the country 75% produced in the country 60% produced in the country "
HOW IS IT NEGOTIATED?
- Each country separately identifies the advantages and disadvantages They agree to start the process Assemble the negotiation teams Agree on the process Discuss the issues - rounds Consolidate and formalize the agreements: take into account what is negotiated. As of when it comes into force? They are submitted to the approval of the authorities of each country. Implement the agreements.
WHAT IS TRADED?
What is negotiated in a FTA?
In the FTA negotiation, the following are negotiated:
- Trade in goods Trade in services Investments / capital flows Labor aspects Intellectual property - trademarks - patents rights Trade-related topics: eg environment Regulatory aspects / conciliation / arbitration Trade policies vs. sovereignty Safeguards / MFN
4- UNITED STATES AND COLOMBIA: BRIEF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
- US INDICATOR COLOMBIA Total GDP (millions of dollars) US $ 10,965,000 US $ 85,000 POPULATION (millions of inhabitants) 290 44 AGRICULTURAL PEOPLE / TOTAL GDP 3.02% 15% INCOME PER CAPITA (dollars per year) 35,000 1,740 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION (millions) 137.6 9.5 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE 5.7% 17.5% SCHOOLING (years) 16.0 7.03 ILLITERACY 4.5% 8.2% LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH (years) 74 68 NOMINAL INTEREST RATE 9.2% 19.5% INFLATION RATE 2.3% 6.8% EXPORTS / GDP 18% 15.2% INTERNATIONAL RESERVES (millions dollars) U $ 175,000 U $ 10,800 ROADS (thousands of km) 6,286 162.5 RAILWAYS (thousands of km) 222 1.9 AIRPORTS 834 40 INTERNET (thousands of people) 142,823 3,230 CELLULAR (per thousand people) 443 43
SOURCE: Banco de la República; World Bank; National Planning Department; Ministry of Transport.
EVOLUTION OF THE REAL PRODUCTION INDEX OF MANUFACTURING COLOMBIA 1980 - 2007. SOURCE: BANREPUBLICA
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