The types of information systems in companies

In this work we will be talking about the types of information systems for the company in the human factor. An information system is basically a group of elements, interrelated to each other, that allows the data capture, processing, storage and transmission of the entire production chain of a company, in order to offer reliable information in real time to improve control about the company and support decision-making.

The concept of information for the company is a key and fundamental element for the proper functioning of any type of organization. They are the objectives of the company in the success or failure of the business, so that the information meets its objectives it is necessary that they have certain characteristics.

Relevant: it must be important, that the information that the company needs is known Up-to-date: it must be used at the time it is generated Fast: access to information must be done quickly and easily Economic: obtaining the information It should not generate a high cost to the company Quality: it is important that the information has no errors and is complete Objective: there is no option to subjectivities Completed: having incomplete information Applicable: the information must be adequate for decision making, besides being important.

Data, information and system:

The data can be a number, a word, an image in the everyday environment uses raw materials for the production of information. Information on the other hand, is data that has a meaning for someone. The system is the mechanism by which information will be generated.

Automated is an integrated set of processes developed in a user-computer environment that operates on data, collects, processes and distributes the information necessary to facilitate the normal activity of the organization.

Companies mainly use automated information systems, however, any system that does not work correctly manually will not do so either because it is automated.

Components of information systems

Physical resources: they are documents and filing cabinets, telecommunications and computer equipment. Human Resources or Personnel. Procedures and work practices.

Information: it is the fundamental element of the system and its reason for being.

Information systems are made up of documents in the form of databases and filing cabinets that store information in different formats, physical resources are made up of the hardware used in the system, human resources are the IT personnel and the users who use the system. of information.

In the search for the types of information I came across the acronym (SIG), which is basically a database that is permanently updated in the company, and that provides the information tools necessary to establish an analysis system of opportunities.

It also offers the members of the management area of a company, the relevant data referring to the entire production process and the supply chain of a company, providing timely information on supplies, stock, warehouses, production and distribution activities, and has many lists of data that are useful for field research, the analysis of which will offer the possibility of making correct and wise decisions.

Companies use the type of TPS (Transactions Processing System) a lot, it is a computerized system that carries out and records daily transactions to conduct business; they serve the operational level of the organization.

The characteristics of TPS

They support the activities carried out by the operational level. They gather relevant and important data related to transactions and store them for later use. They are the main generators of information for the other information systems present in the organization.

Management Information Systems, provides a variety of reports and presentations to management. These systems retrieve information on internal operations from the database that have been updated by transaction processing systems.

The information systems in the company and the concept of ERP (Enterprice Resourse Plannig) is a comprehensive information system that incorporates the operational and business processes of a company, for example: production, sales, purchases, logistics, accounting, management of projects, inventories and warehouse control.

This system acts in a way that optimizes business development, participates in the reduction of time and costs of the processes and also increases the performance of the company.

CRM information system: (Custumer Relationship Management) is of great importance in companies, because it focuses on customer satisfaction by giving them a better treatment in a more personalized way regardless of the size of the organization.

It gives the company the benefit of keeping customers satisfied by offering an extra to the company and maintaining a competitive advantage in the market.

SCM information systems. (Supply Chain Management) this method consists of planning and executing the activities of the supply chain, ensuring a coordinated flow within the company and in the future between the different integrated companies of the value chain, from the suppliers of the materials premiums up to the distributors of the finished products.

DSS Decision Support Systems: This system combines advanced analytical models and data to support decision-making processes related to specific problems.

Group decision-making system GDSS: this system has the task of supporting group decision-making, they allow members of a group to have simultaneous access to files and databases, so that group members can work in the same task and in the same place.

Executive Support System, EIS: This system helps senior officials and run an organization. Its goals are to provide immediate and easy access to information, to achieve the strategic objectives of a company.

Expert decision support systems EDSS: they are information systems based on knowledge, that is, they use their knowledge, they use knowledge about a specific area to act as an expert consultant for users.

Strategic systems. It is to achieve competitive advantages through the use of information technology, to achieve advantages that competitors do not have.

Marketing information system. It has the function of promoting and selling existing products and new development of new products for customers, meeting customers' needs.

Manufacturing information system. It is to elaborate the products, they go from raw materials to products. It is the area most affected by advances in technology, within this area there are a large number of information systems. The system they use is the start date, end of a product. It is a system that controls that nothing is missing during a production process.

Human resources information systems. They monitor all company personnel, help keep records and evaluations of current employees, and evaluate resumes.

Financial information system. It is intended to provide financial income and business transactions. The information system to consult the share price.

Accounting information system. It is used to see how much people owe, see their purchases, record all financial transactions that occur in an organization including sales and purchases.