Company concept
It is the economic-social unit in which capital, labor and management coordinate to achieve a production that responds to the requirements of the human environment in which the company itself operates. (Mercado, 2003).
administration-in-the-company-presentationCLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF COMPANIES (Mercado, 2003)
- Because of its activity or its purpose
RESOURCES THAT OPERATE IN THE COMPANY
- HUMAN RESOURCES
- They are very important for the existence of any social group; The success or failure of any company depends on these elements.
- They are tangible assets owned by the company such as buildings, machinery, furniture and equipment, raw materials, etc.
- TECHNICAL RESOURCES
- They are those that serve as auxiliaries in the coordination of the other elements, such as administration systems, production systems, formulas, patents, etc.
- FINANCIAL RESOURCES
- They are the monetary element that the company has; It can be your own or someone else's and the company's existence depends on it.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
- BACKGROUND
- 1970 increase in oil prices. 1980 drastic change in the market from local to global. 1990 new technologies of communication and information processing.
In the first half of the 20th century, the external environment of organizations was, primarily, stable and static. Furthermore, the natural environment was not a cause for great concern; citizens around the world assumed that the earth's resources were inexhaustible.
Technological, political, economic and social trends may be the cause of the company's success or not.
Today's managers must pay attention to the natural environment, in order to preserve the world for future generations.
ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS
Elements of direct action:
External and internal interest groups
Indirect action elements of the environment
BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE COMPANY
- PRODUCTION SALES OR MARKETING FINANCE HUMAN RESOURCES OR
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONSHIPS
PRODUCTION
- Responsible for everything related to the manufacturing of the products. It covers functions such as the production process, technical services, quality control, etc.
MARKETING
- The main function of this area is to promote the sale of products, make them known to our distributors, consumers and the general public, investigate market potential, as well as their development.
FINANCE
- Its main functions are to monitor and protect the investments and expenses of the company, determine and report the economic results of the total and partial operation. Apply accounting - technical controls and administrative procedures.
HUMAN RESOURCES
- It has the responsibility to ensure that relations within the company are cordial within a framework of equity, justice and harmony. It applies techniques for the payment of wages, the implementation of benefits, rules and general policies that guarantee equitable treatment, and provide advice and services in everything related to industrial relations.
THE ORIGINS OF THE ADMINISTRATION
GREECE
- They were constituted in city-states called "polis". Their culture evolved from the most centralized monarchies and even totalitarianisms, towards the most democratic or participatory forms. In Sparta at the beginning there were two kings, who help each other, problems arose due to violation of unity of command.
GREECE
- There was an organization of a current company: Ecclesia: an assembly that belonged to all citizens of legal age. She worked on aspects that were presented by the Boule or Assembly of the five hundred, she had a staff function. Le Heliaea had to carry out the decisions of the Ecclesia.
GREEK PHILOSOPHERS
- Socrates (University of Administration).
- If you know what you need and are able to provide it, you will be a good boss. The administration of private and public interests employs the same men and principles.
ROME
- He controlled the largest empire of antiquity calculated at 50 million people. Contribution and development of LAW. In the republican stage, the king was replaced by two consuls, his functions were partly mainly administrative and judicial, they were mainly military (they governed to armies).Highly diversified functionalism existed: Praetorians, Consuls, Tribunes, Quaestors, Aediles, Censors, etc.
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH
- STAFF PRINCIPLE rooted in other institutions until recently. Mandatory STAFF. Chain of command. Common purpose in the pursuit of religious objectives, that is, by force of conviction and unity of command. Formal aspect: division of functions. Informal aspect: motivation capacity.
THE MILITARY ADMINISTRATION
- Use of STAFF systems. The motivation used to the maximum "ARENGAS". The way to set and coordinate objectives. The establishment of clear, precise objectives and especially substitutes has been the frequent use of the army, thereby providing great help to the administration.
The arsenal of Venice
- Storage As For Staff As For Accounting Control As For Cost Control Assembly Line
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
- Changes produced in England between 1700 and 1785. Use of the steam engine. Steel foundry and locomotive. Extraordinary advances in the textile industry and high productivity in others.
THREE BASIC STAGES:
- The family system The home work system The factory system
OUTCOME
- The necessary division of labor, the role of the administrator or owner (who was the coordinator), the need to establish discipline in the factory and the setting of a work schedule, which began with 14 hours a day and later fell to 12 Hours. Liberalism led to the dehumanization of work (man considered one more gear of the factory). It derived the starting point of the administration.
INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL PIONEERS
- ADAM SMITH LABOR DIVISION "A worker who produces pins doing the whole process, produces far fewer parts at the same time than if the work is divided."
CHARLES BABBAGE (1972 - 1871)
- He invented a precursor to calculators. He perceived principles that, in his opinion, seemed to exist in all establishments. Analysis of manufacturing processes and costs. Book: "The economy of machines and manufactures."
ROBERT OWEN (1771 - 1858)
- He applied humanistic doctrines in his own factories, demonstrating that paying attention to the "living machines" paid off just as much as inanimate ones. The volume and quality of production are influenced by conditions and the environment.
HENRY ROBINSON TOWNE (1844-1924)
- The administration of the workshop is as important as the management. Disseminating and exchanging knowledge on the subject. It advocates more for incentives than for profit sharing. It combines engineering technique with skill, executive capacity and economic vision.
ALEXANDER HAMILTON CHURCH (1866-1936)
- The systematic use of experience The economic control of effort:
- Division of effort Coordination of administrative effort Conservation of administrative effort Remuneration of effort
"THE MAN LIKES TO FEEL IMPORTANT" must be listened to and known so that the company achieves the desired success.
THE WHARTON SCHOOL
- First to teach administrative subjects. Since 1881 he began to establish basic subjects that are now taught in management schools. Important trends and developments were anticipated.
