Introduction
In the present investigation the importance of the administration in the Innovation and Technology is made known, in the Administration one works with the aim of achieving objectives, the Innovation and Technology has been constantly evolving, in a very fast way that streamlines and increases productivity This is why companies use technology and innovation as a strategy for the company.
Through technology, the company can acquire new tools and machinery that allow it to have more productivity at a lower cost, at the same time it can use technology such as the Internet to reach different markets. For its part, innovation is something that the company has to adopt in each of its areas in order to be used as a strategy for the company.
We will also know that companies constantly compete to position a product or service in the market, through dissemination and seek to be leaders in terms of technology management and at the same time follow-up, in order to improve and innovate their own product or service., or the one that is offering the competition.
Abstract
In the present investigation discloses the importance of management in Innovation and Technology, the Administration is working with the aim of achieving objectives, Innovation and Technology has been constantly evolving very quickly that streamlines and increases productivity, which is why companies use technology and innovation as a strategy for the company.
Through technology the company can purchase new tools and equipment to allow yourself more productivity at lower cost, at a time can use technology like the internet to reach different markets. Meanwhile innovation is something the company has to take in each of their areas in order to be used as a strategy for the company.
We also know that businesses constantly vying for position a product or service in the market, through the dissemination and seek to be leaders in the management of technology and at the same time to follow up, in order to improve and innovate the product or service itself, or that the bidding competition.
Technology and innovation management as a strategy for companies
1. Technology and Innovation
Technology is defined as the methods, processes, systems and skills that are used to transform resources into products, in a broader sense is the systematic application of scientific knowledge to a new product, process or service.
Innovation is a change in method or technology, a useful and positive evolution in the previous way; Within the Innovation is the innovation of products, Processes, Incremental, Radical, Rupturites and Continuists. (Seeing what everyone sees, reading what everyone reads, hearing what everyone hears, innovating is doing what no one has imagined, yet).
Currently technology is very important since systems are used to streamline faster and more efficient jobs thanks to the invention of Technology such as computers that have been modernizing, the Internet, wireless, electronic networks, laptops, radios, among other products and services. We see that now that technology has advanced and has been innovating, programs have been created to speed up the work of man, we can see that currently jobs are done in a timely manner, this because it is no longer as before. I had to drag the pencil, there were errors, I had to check from start to finish and if the information was urgent, there was a need to stay to work outside the established working hours.
On the other hand, innovation is based on the connection between the strategy and the product or service plans in order to achieve the objectives, it seeks to facilitate and structure the function within the organization as design for the production and assembly of a product. Within the innovation we can observe:
- Failure Mode Analysis. Continuous launch and improvement of a product or service. Market Analysis.
For technology to occur and therefore there is an innovation within it, the following must be taken into account:
- There must be a need or demand for the technology. Meeting the need must be theoretically possible and the knowledge must be in basic science. You must be able to turn scientific knowledge into practical knowledge in both engineering and economic knowledge. Financing, hand of skilled labor, time, space and other necessary resources must be available. Entrepreneurial initiative is required to identify and gather all the necessary elements.
We must also take into account Technology Management and within the company it is the application of a set of practices that allow it to establish a technology strategy consistent with its business plans. In the business environment, technological management is revealed in its plans, policies and technological strategies for the acquisition, use and creation of technology, as well as when innovation is assumed as the axis of business development strategies.
It is necessary to take into account the culture of technological innovation within companies, we must observe whether it has been possible to create an innovative mindset, focused on lifelong learning that supports the growth of competitiveness in the long term. The initiation of a Technological plan consists of applying the following actions or steps: Inventory, Monitor, Evaluate, Enrich, Assimilate and Protect.
In general, the technological management processes in the company involve basic functions, such as: identification, evaluation and selection of technologies, disaggregation of technological packages, negotiation of technologies, construction and implementation of production systems, use and assimilation of technologies, adaptation and technology improvement, generation and commercialization of new technologies.
Technological innovation is a requirement of wealth creation. In developed and competitive economies, there are only three ways that people's work produces new business wealth in a sustainable way:
- Capture and retain customers, increasing market share in a given activity; Optimize processes, increasing work productivity, Develop new products and services to create entirely new activities.
Many innovation initiatives may not be technological, but innovation tends to be increasingly technological. Our society lives in a situation where technology is increasing every day. We are already a highly technified community, in which more and more day-to-day processes depend on technology, and changing those processes or launching new products and new habits in turn require further technological intensification.
For administrators it is very important to have the technology to be updated in our work environment with the existence of computers, saving time, money and no waste of stationery. Administrators face various options regarding how to apply the new technology. It can be used to limit tasks and responsibilities of workers and disable the workforce, thus turning workers into servants of technology, when effectively managing workers to improve the competitiveness of organizations.
Operations management is the analysis and implementation of the process that each company performs to transform its income into results. Operations management has always been in transition. Changes can take the form of new products, new distribution channels, changes in the workforce, or new technologies. What it means to be the effective administrator of an operation: It means responding to the needs of different parts within a company, guaranteeing the slow transition through all stages of the transformation process.
A good technology administrator must think ahead so that he can prevent what can happen and what is possible. This means being aware of changes, actual or potential, in customer demands and company resources. The challenge for managers is to care enough about the future without putting today's operations at risk. One of the characteristics of the new economy is that in the transformation process, much of the input is intellectual property: knowledge, research, information and design.
Administrators can see technological innovation as something to react to, to anticipate, for which plans must be made or where improvements and growth originate. The internet brings a wide benefit as well as if we mismanage this technology we cannot take any benefit from it. What follows are experiences worth noting, obtained from success or failure in the use of the internet.
2. Technology Life Cycle
The technology life cycle is a pattern that follows technological innovation from its introduction and development to market saturation and its replacement. Technology goes through a process, from birth to maturity. When we talk about its life cycle, we refer to the process of some specific technology by which it ceases to be an idea or theory and becomes something substantial that can be used to later become obsolete. That is why the life cycle of technology is commonly interpreted by a curve that rises from zero, reaches a maximum and then tends to zero again.
- The first phase - Experimental Vanguard which is highly innovative. In this phase, there is technology that promises a lot but has not been fully developed. The second phase - cutting-edge technology: referring to those developed ideas that have already proven useful in the market but are so new that they have not yet reached a level of maturation. On the other hand, Augmented Reality is taking a new turn making it useful in daily life. The third phase - state-of-the-art technology: This is the highest point of the journey since it is here that we have technology that has proven to be highly efficient and sophisticated and which is also the most innovative on the market. This is the stage in which solutions are offered that generate highly functional results. The fourth phase - The fall of technology:Which refers to outdated technology. This is still useful, however it is constantly replaced by new technologies.The fifth phase - Finally, the stage of obsolete technology is reached: which has been considerably surpassed by the latest generation and, although it is preserved, it no longer has any real use, such as the typewriter which has been replaced by the computer.
3. Diffusion of Technological Innovations
Economic experts have long devoted their attention to a particular aspect of technological progress, focusing on the stage of invention, discovery, and examining the original ideas of a number of people, leaving aside the problem of the proportions in which These new technologies have been adopted or incorporated into the production process.
The effective diffusion process is not one of simple copying and adoption, but the diffusion requires multiple modifications, adaptations, etc., which are crucial elements of the speed of the diffusion process. Innovation becomes economically important only through an extensive process of redesign, modification, and many small improvements that technology needs to be well received in the market. Diffusion does not depend only on demand, but also on the effective capacity of the bidders to solve problems that affect all the effective benefits in specific environments. This perspective helps to explain the different adoption dates, the speed of diffusion and the saturation rates.
The economic impact of new products and processes depends on the speed with which they are disseminated among owners or potential users. Diffusion theory tries to answer the question of why new and superior products and processes are not immediately adopted by all companies that can profit from it.
4. Technological Innovation in a Competitive Environment
The technological administration is in charge of continuing the competitiveness of the products or services. Where technology innovation is constantly changing and this is vital for the competitive advantage of a company. In past years, it took us many years to plan and develop a product that we wanted to bring to market. Currently, product development is a race for those who first introduce an innovation in a product or service and this explains why the life of the products is getting shorter.
The most important strategies to achieve technological innovations to position themselves in the market are that the product or service reaches the market at a low cost and that they are or show a differentiation with respect to what the competition is offering.
5. Technological Leadership
To see technological leadership as the main strategy for success, it is necessary to be a very large and complete company. It has been mentioned that in terms of technology, we can be imitators, followers or leaders; but this will depend on the mission and even more so on the vision of the company; And even then, the technological factor will continue to be only one means of achieving success.
The market segment served by the company has a lot to do with it; In a very competitive segment, technological leadership is one of the main weapons. Being the technological leader is very expensive, and can result in failures, it is also very changeable; But if the company is not very large and very complete, it is not the best option.
6. Technological Monitoring
Tracking in technology can also support both low-cost and differentiated strategies. If a follower learns from the leader's experience and mistakes, they can tailor their products and services to better meet the needs of their buyers. If we want to monitor, seek or wish to acquire new technologies, we must consider the following:
- Internal development: It has the advantage of retaining property rights over the technology, exclusively for the organization. This offers a significant advantage over the competition. The downside to internal development is that it typically requires additional staff and financing over an extended period. Purchasing: Most of the technology is already available to purchase freely. Development contract: If the company does not have the resources or time to develop the Technology in-house may contract development with an external source. License: Certain technologies are not easy to acquire as a part of the product may have been licensed for a fee. Technology Exchange: Not all industries are willing to the idea of this type of transaction,But technology sharing has become increasingly common due to the high cost of independent development of advanced technologies. Research Alliances and Joint Ventures: Research alliances are agreements designed to jointly seek development of new technology. Acquisition of a technology owner: If a company lacks the necessary technology, but wants to acquire the intellectual property of it, one option is to buy it from the company that owns it. This transaction can take different forms, ranging from direct purchase of the entire company to a minority interest sufficient to gain access to the technology.Research alliances and joint ventures: Research alliances are agreements designed to jointly seek the development of new technology. Acquisition of a technology owner: If a company lacks the necessary technology, but wants to acquire the intellectual property of the same. One option is to buy it from the company that owns it. This transaction can take different forms, ranging from direct purchase of the entire company to a minority interest sufficient to gain access to the technology.Research alliances and joint ventures: Research alliances are agreements designed to jointly seek the development of new technology. Acquisition of a technology owner: If a company lacks the necessary technology, but wants to acquire the intellectual property of the same. One option is to buy it from the company that owns it. This transaction can take different forms, ranging from direct purchase of the entire company to a minority interest sufficient to gain access to the technology.One option is to buy it from the company that owns it. This transaction can take different forms, ranging from direct purchase of the entire company to a minority interest sufficient to gain access to the technology.One option is to buy it from the company that owns it. This transaction can take different forms, ranging from direct purchase of the entire company to a minority interest sufficient to gain access to the technology.
conclusion
The administration in Innovation and Technology is to improve all kinds of organization, using the creativity and initiative of people who work within companies inventing processes, machines, products and services, where said inventions have facilitated the work of man.
Regarding Innovation, it not only refers to a computer, but also to products and services and it does not always have to be technological; But we are in a stage where technology is advancing rapidly and constantly, and that is where innovation comes in, which seeks to improve processes, services and products and thus compete with other companies, position their products through dissemination. technology, the diffusion of this is used either to offer the product or service they handle, as well as to have knowledge of the progress of technological innovation and acquire it to improve the process of their activities at the productive and organizational level.
Both innovation and technology are part of the strategy that a company uses to improve its processes and products, in order to maintain its clients, convince other clients and stay within a market that is becoming more competitive every day.
Bibliography
- Managing a competitive advantage. Author: Thomas Bateman. Editorial: Mc Graw Hill.Administration in innovation and technology Author: María de Jesús Cruz DíazAcumenTI.com.mxJust another WordPress.com siteTechnological leadership as a source of organizational success author: Elmerd padillaÁvalos, 1. «Approach to technology management in the company ».Martínez E. (editor). Strategies, planning and management of science and technology. New Society Publishing House. Caracas Venezuela. 1993.
