The process of acquiring information, using it correctly, and disposing of it at the right time is called information management within an organization. This process is carried out under the supervision and / or approval of management and is increasingly being taken into account in organizations due to the large amount of information they have to handle on a day-to-day basis for decision-making and also for the increasing opportunity to store information more easily and securely. It is important, then, that managers know how to effectively manage the information that is handled in their companies in order to take advantage and store it correctly so that it is useful.
During the performance of different day-to-day activities within an organization, data and information can be obtained. Data are those data or figures that by themselves have little meaning but the processing of them to be used when analyzing a situation and making decisions is called information. In other words, the information is a set of processed data. In turn, when the organization manages that information in such a way that it helps it make decisions to achieve its objectives and goals, it speaks of an information system. In order to maintain these systems or improve them, it is necessary and useful for organizations to carry out periodic audits that allow them to make improvements in decision-making. In this paper we will review the concepts of the information system and its components,Audit and benefits of information systems audits.
Information systems
An information system is one that aims to support the manager of an organization to make decisions. This requires an information processor that transforms data into information. (Macleod, 2000)
Information systems aim
- Treat information as a resource or asset of the organization As a resource, information must be managed Link the information with the mission, vision and objectives of the company.
Evolution of information systems
With the use of punched cards and accounting machines to process data in this area during the first half of the 19th century, EDP was converted to electronic data processing, which later became the AIS accounting information system. At this time, little attention was paid to the importance of information to managers when making decisions. In 1964 computers were introduced in order to use it as a management information system (MIS) and it was very well received by companies at the time. But this initially did not give the expected result due to the lack of knowledge in the handling of computer equipment and the low capacity of these machines to store and process information. Later studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Michael S.Scott Morton, G Antonny Gorry and Peter G Keen proposed a Decision support system (DSS) that consists of an information-producing system focused on a specific problem to be solved by a manager and therefore will help decision making. After this, it evolved to OA Office Automation, which aims to facilitate communication and increase the productivity of managers. This has continued to evolve until today where email, videoconferencing and other useful applications are used to improve the sending and receiving of information in the workplace. Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have given way. (Macleod, 2000)G Antonny Gorry and Peter G Keen proposed a Decision support system (DSS) that consists of an information producing system focused on a specific problem that a manager must solve and that will therefore help him to make decisions. decisions. After this, it evolved to OA Office Automation, which aims to facilitate communication and increase the productivity of managers. This has continued to evolve until today where email, videoconferencing and other useful applications are used to improve the sending and receiving of information in the workplace. Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have been given way. (Macleod, 2000)G Antonny Gorry and Peter G Keen proposed a Decision support system (DSS) that consists of an information producing system focused on a specific problem that a manager must solve and that will therefore help him to make decisions. decisions. After this, it evolved to OA Office Automation, which aims to facilitate communication and increase the productivity of managers. This has continued to evolve until today where email, videoconferencing and other useful applications are used to improve the sending and receiving of information in the workplace. Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have given way. (Macleod, 2000)2000)2000)2000)2000)After this, it evolved to OA Office Automation, which aims to facilitate communication and increase the productivity of managers. This has continued to evolve until today where email, videoconferencing and other useful applications are used to improve the sending and receiving of information in the workplace. Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have given way. (Macleod, 2000)After this, it evolved to OA Office Automation, which aims to facilitate communication and increase the productivity of managers. This has continued to evolve until today where email, videoconferencing and other useful applications are used to improve the sending and receiving of information in the workplace. Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have given way. (Macleod, 2000)Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have been given way. (Macleod, 2000)Finally, artificial intelligence AI and the expert ES systems that are still in development have given way. (Macleod, 2000)
Components of an information system
Information systems are made up of human resources, software, hardware and peripheral devices.
- Human resources are those people who interact with the information system and are:
The people in charge of getting the information and filling it into the system, that is, the operators.
Those people with specialized knowledge in analysis and software development that allow the system to function properly.
The clients or users that use the system which can be the collaborators, external client and the manager (Sandra Sieber, 2006)
- The equipment used for information processing (Hardware) can be central processing units CPU, RAM and ROM. These devices help the storage, processing and distribution of information. Peripheral devices are those that serve as a communication channel between the computer and the user and can be the keyboard, mouse, scanner and cameras, monitors and printers. The software are those programs necessary for the information process and can be from the operating system and application such as databases, electronic spreadsheets, etc. Data that can be letters, numbers, images, texts, figures, audios and videos. These are necessary to obtain information of interest to the company. (Izmorar, sf)
What is an audit?
According to ISO 19011: 2011 an audit is:
strategic aspects and practical alternatives. Spain: MacGraw-Hill.
Thanks
To the Technological Institute of Orizaba for giving me the opportunity to train professionally and to Professor Fernando Aguirre y Hernández for all the knowledge he has shared in his subject Fundamentals of Administrative Engineering to learn and improve my abilities to write quality scientific articles.
Suggested thesis topic
"Measuring the effectiveness of business information systems"
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