Every day we know more and understand less, it is common to find this dilemma in all areas of knowledge; But the one that interests in this text is the administration, its beginnings, not only as a science if it can be called that, but also to talk about the search for knowledge to concretize knowledge and to be able to clearly define the object of study, the why and the where, starting from an important discussion about what the text is going to deal with, talking about the existence of an administrative science, with an approach where it is important to know it in this administrative jungle in which we find ourselves today where it is difficult to recognize who likes knowing and who only recognition.
Key words: Administration, knowledge, search, beginnings, object of study, science, administrative jungle, knowledge, discussion.
KNOWLEDGE AND REASON SPEAK; IGNORANCE AND ERROR SCREAM
INTRODUCTION
As always everything has a beginning, often uncertain but the truly important thing is to know of its existence or to get a little closer, just a little to be sure of the future, to recognize that curiosity through the ages comes to be seen as something negative, forbidden and criticized but thanks to it great discoveries have been made that help the development of the human being, for this reason man by nature seeks answers to different questions as he develops his knowledge but this is not enough for him, everything begins with A question mark and when finding the answer, he meets different questions, it could be said that we are around a large forest where a seed is a doubt and from this great contributions are developed for the construction of reality.
For this reason, there is a need to show the closest origins of knowledge, the importance of knowing; In defining this, discover administration as part of a great notion; for example, the discussion that exists about whether the administration is considered a science or an art, this generates many more questions and different ways of seeing and answering this questioning; how it arises, what is its method, how it transforms the reality of individuals, the importance of knowing their different perspectives not only as the knowledge of the truth, but also the importance of being aware and practicing. How the administration breaks paradigms, changes customs;but somehow, encompassing great knowledge of reality can lose the true essence of origin and find the classic question of What is and why is administration studied?
Finally, we must look at the administration in our time, because today few can see the difference between what really matters in the literature, understand and demonstrate that the administration is on the human side and that as humans, it is difficult to determine many things, it is complex knowledge and specifications; for this reason it is important to take it into account and to be able to differentiate that everything that works in some, may not work in another situation or may not happen again; As Juan de Dios (2014) says in his article Administration, Philosophy and Epistemology, it is possible that the human being can solve this question at some point. How can humanity survive the inventions of their intelligence and ingenuity?
THINK, KNOW AND KNOW
I will begin this first part with a phrase from an article by Ascolfa `` man seeks to know reality in order to approach a truth '', starting from this, what we call truth, it can really be said that today men know, reason, they think; I think that from the beginning man only took what the environment provided him and transformed it for his well-being, he did not have to ask big questions to know how to survive, today it can be said that the same thing has happened we have become machines that seek results where we are not aware of our own ignorance, as Socrates says and I mention it after a long time Popper, Socrates is not wise by his phrase "I only know that I know nothing" he was wise to admit that he did not know, because at some point thought about the future,in this way that premise of "I only know that nothing is" is true, if Socrates were in our days it would not be anything important, his knowledge would not be relevant, with the above I want to imply that knowledge is not entirely true Because in the perhaps perhaps not too distant future, what is called knowledge today may be a falsehood tomorrow.
Another clear example is: the theory that the earth was square, at the time it rebelled that it was not true was no longer considered, the above broke a paradigm, in this way there are many examples, where knowledge is not a whole is Big has a lot to know but it is about exploring and not taking only what is said, the above is in order to show the importance of philosophy and the art of thinking '' science will insist on the importance of the knowing subject, its changes of state, its limitations, goals and interests when investigating '' García (2015) for what reason I refer to philosophy and scientists because I must be realistic, most texts speak of man discovers, man learns, the man generates and is not really "man" is a man,maybe two or more but it is not humanity as the total being, we are many individuals in the world, but not all do science nor are they in charge of knowledge, so knowledge, thinking and knowledge belongs to scientists, researchers; This does not mean that he who is not in the category does not have the right to make large contributions, but it is necessary to clarify that it is not "the man" as a plural but as an individual an individual that he likes, he is interested in having limitations and as I mentioned before there is no absolute truth therefore the scientist simply assumes.You do not have the right to make large contributions, but it is necessary to clarify that it is not "man" as a plural but as an individual an individual that you like, I am interested that you have limitations and as I have mentioned before there is no absolute truth therefore the scientist simply assumes.You do not have the right to make large contributions, but it is necessary to clarify that it is not "man" as a plural but as an individual an individual that you like, I am interested that you have limitations and as I have mentioned before there is no absolute truth therefore the scientist simply assumes.
Like artists, creative scientists must be able to live, sometimes, in a disordered world; (…) this need as an essential tension implicit in scientific research Popper (2001).
It is even necessary to clarify that it is possible that we are not sure of having reached the truth, we must have self-criticism and criticism of those discoveries, without losing tolerance, that is, respect for my ideas and the ideas of others, As a person there are mistakes and in many cases they are inevitable, but accepting mistakes and respecting opinion, really make a true artist.
Returning to the topic, the individual who discovers is important, but also society, although he does not find it specifically, has an important role in the search, as Juan de Dios (1998) cites in his article the epistemology of science.
What Ernst Casiirer called in his encyclopedic work the problem of knowledge, referring to the fact that modern society is the fundamental and fundamental creative force on which the intellectual and moral cultural structure as a whole rests.
Apart from this, it could be said that the main problem faced by knowledge is to specify or give value to the statements it generates with each discovery, statements about reality, because the moment the experiment joins the theory, it can be said that the discovery arises and that theory becomes a paradigm, a new tendency to do things, it is also shown that the beginning, that the principles of understanding philosophy, as an empirical analysis but led to praxis, opens the way to different studies of what could be called as science that takes into account reality, but without ignoring that this small leap is no less important than those that will take place in the future, specifically since science advances in a process of creation of theories and not a single theory;At this point, where there is already a basis on thinking, knowing and knowing as a mouthpiece to what humanity recognizes as reality, it is important to start from the above and enter into the matter, that the central theme of that document is administration, Therefore, what will be seen next is like art vs. science.
ART vs SCIENCE
It is important to highlight that the administration has had to face different discussions about the truth of its content, if you can really speak of a science of administration or it is only an art as some call it, in the texts on which I base myself for Making this document focuses not only on knowledge but on the "why study the theory of administration" and that it is really responsible for it to be considered science as it is not exact or natural but just as important, at some point Salinas (1997) in The object and method of the science of the company, talks about something Mintzberg said where "entrepreneurs do not expect solutions from theorists" in a certain way it is true, so that they learn theory where they only talk about past mistakes or knowledge and little applied to a current reality,Why know something that I am not going to practice, because really according to the popular saying "practice makes perfect" it will be really pertinent to believe and follow this affirmation, it is necessary to go back to the origins where the different visions of the science that explain the world around us, in which are the companies seen as institutions that are the result of spontaneous evolutions of society, this thought by Solans is quite interesting and true, the company defined as the place is the result of something unplanned but that through the years takes a shape, some bases, different ways of seeing the reality that the company is facing.because really according to the popular saying "practice makes perfect" it will be really pertinent to believe and follow this affirmation, it is necessary to go back to the origins where it is spoken of the different visions of science that explain the world around us, in the Which are the companies seen as institutions that are the result of spontaneous evolutions of society, this thought by Solans is quite interesting and true, the company defined as the place is the result of something unplanned but that through the years takes a form, some bases, different ways of seeing the reality that the company faces.because really according to the popular saying "practice makes perfect" it will be really pertinent to believe and follow this affirmation, it is necessary to go back to the origins where it is spoken of the different visions of science that explain the world around us, in the Which are the companies seen as institutions that are the result of spontaneous evolutions of society, this thought by Solans is quite interesting and true, the company defined as the place is the result of something unplanned but that through the years takes a form, some bases, different ways of seeing the reality that the company faces.in which the companies are seen as institutions that are the result of spontaneous changes in society, this thought by Solans is quite interesting and true, the company defined as the place is the result of something unplanned but that you dare over the years it takes a form, some bases, different ways of seeing the reality that the company faces.in which the companies are seen as institutions that are the result of spontaneous evolutions of society, this thought by Solans is quite interesting and true, the company defined as the place is the result of something unplanned but that you dare over the years it takes a form, some bases, different ways of seeing the reality that the company faces.
Using whatever point of view, the truth is that knowledge is built and science is advanced, any science must withstand the criticism of those exact sciences, but this is a life-long discussion where the social sciences are looked down upon by the fact that its object of study is a raw material, so to speak, little constant and changing with time where the application of something cannot be formulated, just as in the natural sciences, the magic formula to discover the best operation For example, the company does not exist, society is changing, because of this organizations are seen as:
"Human phenomena, socially created and whose necessary and sufficient component is man, will allow the differentiation of the administration with the disciplines with which it shares the object of study" Carvajal (2010).
With the above, it is intended to see that administration is a human science and that it needs the help or complement of others to be able to achieve its objectives, because its ontology is the human reality where administration is built as a discipline and a profession.
Starting from the fact that the economic resource is no longer capital, land or labor, but knowledge is and will be, the need to know in the administration becomes essential for the administrator to know beyond the tangible resources to know and manage knowledge, since knowledge became the merchandise of merchandise.
For those who think as it was said at the beginning, that epistemology, ontology and philosophy, just to name a few, was not part of your professional life, think that you are the bridge between thought and social action of critical positions. and humanists, since as an individual we do not see things as they are, but as we are, due to the fact of having the virtue of being inconsistent and contradictory where being and thinking are united. Muños (2008) only as administrator or as students it is important not to forget that as Ortega y Gasset (2007) says "when you teach, it teaches you to doubt what you teach".
Open your eyes and discover that the administration ceased to be only practical, without theoretical foundations that was lost in prehistoric times.
(…) Of the reason of the reason, science of science, Mario Bunge calls it in his book Epistemology. The human being is homo sapiens, sapiens when he surpasses knowledge through knowledge, when he knows that he knows.
In the same way it happens with the administration, where it is no longer a property of one or the other, it is an activity, an organization, a science that encompasses and is responsible for discovering the fields of interaction of a group of people with a common objective, to give direction that serves as a guide for decision-making, it is not just talking about an art or a science, it is about a set that unifies and carries out both practice and knowledge management, taking up a phrase by Koontz, Weihrich and Cannice (2012) which says: '' there is science and there is art that there is knowledge and there is practice, all of which any administrator has known for a long time '' including the administrator from the point of view of the decision maker, who takes count the realities of a situation applying theory or technique.
The starting point is not the business facts, but the constant construction of a previous theory and the criticisms that can be made to approach a truth, because only the facts do not lead to a theory that encompasses everything, without discovering or finding the problems, understand the company as a system with difficulties and different methods or points of view that determine what is the vision of seeing administration as a science, with a defined and unique object of study. Salinas (1997), something that nowadays due to the excess of perspectives that are generated from a fact, starting from the difficulty of its determination and control, the diversity of the administration can be seen, for this reason it is difficult recognize specific things, such as the object of study.
Getting to understand a little more about how it works, the definition of administration as a company, may be through what Bedard called the diamond and the four philosophical dimensions as an instrument that is built to analyze specific phenomena.
On the one hand there is Paxiology, as the practical part, knowing, acting and doing, based on know-how and skills, Epistemology, is the place where the procedures and methods are seen, that is, the analysis of the faculty In the act of knowing, it could be said that this part of the diamond is where the administration is seen in its double aspect, on the one hand as science and the other as art, the Axiology seen from values, that is, it is the ethical and moral part, being the consciousness of good and evil, Ontology for principles and theories, ontology determines in some way that it is considered real, oriented in the environment of things, it could be said that it is the support on which the others are previously mentioned conceptual parts, the ethical, critical and practical aspects of what is constituted;Everything Bedard (2003) talks about is supposed to open the way to reflection on various questions.
But today's society does not know the importance of knowledge, it may apply the principles and theories of this science, but it does not know the why of the reason, with this I want to end the last part of this document showing what is around.
MICOS IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE JUNGLE
Before making sense of the title of this part of the text I want to quote.
Management science is going through an epistemological crisis because the dominant paradigm centered on the pragmatic and utilitarian method that prevailed in the last century in business and management schools is questioned, while practicing administrators argue that they do not have the time to lose it in epistemology (Martinet, 1990, p. 9,10; Péron, 2002, p.17).
It is possible that we want to exercise without knowing why, every time there are deficiencies in the ethical and social part, it is in a crisis that affects reality and science; "Senior executives did not know what was going on… What an outrageous management failure!" Said Henry Mintzberg in (2009).
Today's society really lacks philosophy, speaking of philosophy such as space or the method of reflection, thinking, without ideas we cannot reach objectives, basically we see the current need to know; because the administration's literature is flooded with those who talk a lot without thinking about the true consequences, without taking into account the real situation of the companies of the diversity that exists, seeing the company as the object of study and the way it depends of a history and evolution as a company, as quoted in the administrative jungle by Fayol.
The principles are flexible and capable of adapting to each need, what it is about is knowing how to use them, which is a difficult art that requires intelligence, experience, determination and measurement (1949.p19).
You cannot take concepts lightly, let alone pretend to sell ideas without knowing the reality and try to make them work in the same way for everyone who puts it into practice, with the above I mean that this is one of the main discussions of why not Administration is considered science, the lack of determining a process that works at any time, by any individual and that the same results are obtained, basically this little happens, the administrative literature only gives a guide, guidelines for understanding the company, As an independent system to another, what they teach in the universities is a photograph that is often outdated of reality, because I mean a photo, it is simply you can see it but not interact, nor be part of it, this one and you know how it is, what is part of it,but you still have to go to know what it is.
With the above, I mean that although there are many approaches to the way of doing things, some could be said to be administrative fashions, which may work for a while, but over the years we return to the initial idea, what I mean is that, as many authors say, we are in an administrative jungle where a diversity of ideas and excess knowledge, where each day a scientific achievement is discovered, the number of unsolved problems increases, together increasing at higher speeds than solutions such as Popper says '' our growing ignorance is infinite (…) today we know more than Socrates in his time but none of us knows more.
Because I refer to monkeys in the jungle, as it is well known monkeys are creatures that make different tricks, so to speak, drawing attention, in several jungle documentaries you will always see a monkey stealing a camera, doing things that for the viewer they are quite interesting or entertaining, in the same way it happens with those who penetrate the administrative literature with books without a sense of knowledge and without the greatest respect for science or the scientific method, so make the difference between those who want to show or expose their knowledge And the one who, like a monkey, only wants to capture attention without leaving anything productive, I have to be aware that these books may be beneficial and that their effectiveness is recognized, but it must be borne in mind that each company is not a world,but a totally different galaxy, that the reading and the reality are very incomparable.
By way of conclusion I want to say that "the goal of doing science today would be basically to be able to do new science tomorrow" Solans (the generation of knowledge) I want to end with a fragment that may not have the indicated source or the most scientific, nor is it part of the administration, but it talks about the problem of knowledge and that currently they do not worry about thinking, with this I end.
I want to say that today as a writer, I, with a Nobel Prize or without a Nobel Prize, at 82 years of age, consider that the privilege of the human being was to be able to think, reflect, apply his small instruments to a small brain that despite everything contains a memory, knowledge and all that filed within the brain, and all that make it work in a work, which can be literary. Or as simple people who want to know the world they are in and think about, and discuss and analyze, and ask questions. That I think is the only reason that it is indeed worth living. And if at the same time the problems that are thousands, that prevent millions and millions of people not only think, but simply live, can be solved, then the task that we have as human beings is immense, infinite and enormous.Saramago think, think and think (2005).
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