The present work is a brief writing about the construction of Identity within the adolescent stage. In it I present the main factors that influence to shape a personality and how it is generated within a being that is constantly changing. In the same way, the main distractors that direct the adolescent to choose traits and characteristics for the creation of their identity are mentioned.
It consists of a small introduction that gives entrance to the work, a development where the characteristics of the subject are approached and a conclusion in which I return from the point of view of teaching the need to consider young people from their different perspectives.
In adolescence, as it is known by most human beings, great physical and psychological changes are experienced, it is also known as a period of transition for the universe of capabilities that can be developed, where the young person needs to choose appropriately between a endless possibilities that you have as options for your development; All this added to the fact that at this stage social relations represent an important pillar in the lives of students.
For this reason, the process of adolescence is crucial, since this is where the foundations are laid for the formation of a unique and unique identity, but what factors influence the formation of this identity?
At first, the changes produced by puberty, since these transformations are primarily physical and therefore are visible in most cases, but sometimes these changes are not as expected (since in today's society stereotypes with factions stand out very fine) and generate discontent, discomfort.
Today it is observed that our adolescents are being consumed and even ourselves by globalization. We rotate and live in a world full of material and physical concerns, leaving aside those experiences that are inexpensive but that unfold throughout the process of our daily lives.
Etelvina Sandoval Flores mentions in her work "students in high school" that the group of friends have the role of nucleus generating knowledge in their circle, which is taken with great importance and affects the routine of the school.
Another aspect to consider is the social relationships that take place at this stage, because within these friendships are embedded, it should be mentioned and related that the opinions and acceptance of friendships in a group are of great importance, since feeling accepted by one or several groups, the adolescent will feel relief, this means that their actions are appropriate or that they usually believe, but such friendly relationships are not always ideal since they depend largely on the attitudes of these same friends and the how they unfold.
For Erikson (1993) the adolescent requires a psychological moratorium, a period of time without excessive responsibilities or obligations that limit the pursuit of their own discovery.
Self-esteem, another aspect that is very present in the formation of identity, is of utmost importance because it represents the adolescent's attitude towards the problems that affect him directly or indirectly, and the consequences of these attitudes or response will have a strong influence. in identity, low self-esteem in the face of problems can mean emotional or behavioral problems, but if, on the contrary, the responses are focused from a high self-esteem, the aforementioned problems will hardly occur, because these answers will not represent any problem for adolescents.
Although this point of self-esteem is very subjective because low or high self-esteem depends on many factors from the context and living conditions, to relationships with friends and other people, without neglecting the adolescent's own natural attitude to face problems and know how to solve them.
Society is going to be an important factor in the formation of the adolescent's identity, because as family, friends and people close to them know, they are the ones who are going to guide the young person to acquire an identity, but we must keep in mind Realizes that when they go through the adolescence stage they are very easy to shape and therefore can suddenly change their decision.
It is important that we instill the necessary values, that we let them experiment with different identities so that they truly find their own, that they take their time and that they do not feel pressured to receive responsibility.
An important distractor today is the mass media, mainly television, covering issues of imaginary worlds, violence, abuse, crime, family disintegration that in a way are disguised in movies or novels but that young people acquire simply because they are on the go. "fashion". They try to imitate actors or singers who are in the middle of the show, who are recent characters or who everyone is listening to.
Harter Susan (1997) mentions that we need to change the perception that narrowly defined cultural stereotypes of attractive qualities are the measure of the worth of women (or men) and that we allow for a range of aspects as well as other qualities and skills, form the basis of self-esteem.
Young people today are in "fashion". Television has transformed human beings in the way she wants. A teenager cannot enter that group of friends that they want so much because they need to: bring designer clothes, tennis shoes, t-shirts, shoes; flashy accessories, bracelets, rings, backpacks today; cell phones, in short a series of requirements, increasing that you must be an outstanding person in “something” can be the tallest, the most beautiful, the most handsome, the most cheerful of the class or another adjective that stands out.
When it is not possible to achieve a true identity, the adolescent can suffer psychological problems, conflicts with other people, even low self-esteem, this will cause the adolescent to become rebellious, drug addict, delinquent, and may even lead to his death and this makes that the young man go against himself or against society.
The adolescent's beliefs will also have an impact on the formation of their identity. When a religion is practiced, boys tend to be very calm and respectful, they practice values, and when this is not done, in many cases the adolescent is more restless. and tends to take inappropriate behaviors.
When the adolescent goes forging his identity, (which usually happens at the end of the adolescence stage), he will be interested in the opinions of the people around him, what they expect of him and how they think he will be in the future, but this it must be linked to the interests and expectations of the adolescent so that he or she acquires a true identity based on experimentation and not only adopts an identity that will be indicated by their parents or by another authority figure.
Each human being is different, it is true that all are in the process of change and that these changes are not the same that occur to all adolescents, but let us not forget that these transformations happen faster to some than others, let us not try to label all young people as unconscious or incomprehensible people, because each one has his own way of being and each one understands differently.
As Fernando Hernández and Juana María Sancho (2000) tell us “ adolescence implies assuming its diversity and not forgetting that they are difficult to homogenize. ” Adolescence is the stage of creating a personal identity, students cannot tolerate teachers taking an attitude of indifference towards them, making them ridicule in front of other classmates, so it is important not to make comments that harm the student's personality, you have to support them and not leave them alone.
Bibliography
• Hernández Fernando and Sancho Juana María, 2000, “The fields of Transformation in adolescence”. Adolescent development I. General aspects, SEP, Mexico, page 49.
• Harter Susan 1997, “Identity and Formation”, in Shirley Feldman and Glen R. Elliot, USA, Harvard University.
• Erikson Erik 1993, “the eight ages of man”, in Childhood and society, Hormé, Buenos Aires.
