What is knowledge?
The answer was sought by various philosophers:
The Greeks and medieval philosophy approached the subject making efforts to clarify the possibility or impossibility of knowledge and the possible types of knowledge.
For Renaissance people, the problem of knowledge often becomes the central problem since the concern with the "method" is based on revealing the structure of knowledge.
For the contemporaries, starting from Kant, the problem of knowledge became a special discipline within Philosophy: The theory of knowledge.
In traditional western epistemology (Theory of Knowledge), certainty is the essential quality of knowledge. Current trends, however, support the need to contemplate the relative, dynamic and subjective dimensions of knowledge creation.
Nonaka and Takeuchi in 1995 disclosed the "model of knowledge production cycles", where the following processes of knowledge conversion were expressed:
Socialization is the process of acquiring tacit knowledge through sharing experiences through oral exhibitions, documents, manuals and traditions, and which adds new knowledge to the collective basis of the organization.
Human beings can acquire tacit knowledge directly with other people, without using language. Learners learn from their teachers through observation, imitation, and practice. The authors cite the experience as a secret to the acquisition of tacit knowledge. The shared experience as well as the practical training contribute to the understanding of the reasoning of another individual. The content generated by this mode is shared knowledge.
Externalization is the process of converting tacit knowledge into explicit concepts that supposes making knowledge by itself difficult to communicate tangible through the use of metaphors (concepts, hypotheses, analogies or models), integrating it into the culture of the organization; it is the essential activity in the creation of knowledge.
Combination is the process of creating explicit knowledge by gathering explicit knowledge from a number of sources, through the exchange of telephone conversations, meetings, emails, etc., and can be categorized, confronted, and classified into database forms to produce explicit knowledge.
Internalization is a process of incorporating explicit knowledge into tacit knowledge, which analyzes the experiences acquired in the implementation of new knowledge and which is incorporated into the tacit knowledge bases of the members of the organization in the form of models. shared mental or work practices.
SECI Table
(Knowledge Management)
Bibliography
- Drucker, Peter F. (1996). Non-profit institution management: theory and practice. Barcelona: El Ateneo.Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi: The Knowledge Creating Company. How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation. Oxford University Press, New York, 1995
