Disability is any loss or decrease of a psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. That is, in this sense, it represents organic or bodily disorders and its appreciation and treatment are related to the psychodiagnostic and therapeutic disciplines. People with disabilities have the same rights as everyone, but unfortunately some rights of disabled people have been violated.
Rights of disabled people
Introduction
In this essay I will talk about the rights of people with disabilities, as well as their impact on the social environment.
Similarly, some research on the most violated rights and the lack of awareness and culture of society since we are the first to restrict their rights to disabled people, such as: the lack of sidewalks with ramps and free transit and not only That but the lack of employment, education, health, among others that I will mention.
Well-known South African politician Nelson Mandela «Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world» (Nelson, 1918– alive) we will mention numbers and percentages of people with disabilities, as well as what their affectations and concepts are.
II. Background
Social change and education is the way and the way that discrimination against people with disabilities is not so strong, it is necessary to make our actions aware and implement reforms to protect people with disabilities.
But what is disability? As mentioned by the Doctor “… Devora Déniz Doctor in Anthropology, Professor at the University of Brasilia and researcher at Anis. (Deniz, p. 05) It is any loss or decrease of a psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. That is, in this sense, it represents organic or bodily disorders and its appreciation and treatment are related to the psychodiagnostic and therapeutic disciplines.
I also understand that oppression of a disability is not an attribute of the body, but rather the result of societies with low values and an index of ignorance and lack of culture, making people's rights vulnerable.
In another sense, the way of understanding disability holds that it is a natural handicap, and should concentrate people's efforts to overcome the loss or decrease of some organ
But who takes care of disability issues? “… 1945 - 1955 - The Secretariat of the United Nations and the Economic and Social Council…” (United Nations, 1945-1955) are the principal organs of the United Nations in charge of issues related to disability, and their activities.
As the “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” rightly says «All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and, endowed as they are with reason and conscience, they must behave fraternally towards one another. Everyone has the rights and freedoms proclaimed in this Declaration, without distinction of race, color, sex, language, religion, political opinion or of any other kind, national or social origin, economic position, birth or any other condition. will make any distinction based on political, legal or international status. All are equal before the law and have, without distinction, the right to equal protection of the law. Everyone has the right to equal protection against any discrimination that violates this Declaration and against any provocation to such discrimination. (Humans, 2012, pgs.1,2,7y25)
As the Universal Declaration of Human Rights says well, everyone has the same rights as others regardless of color, economic, language and of course some disability.
In ancient Rome they named people with a disability or lack of function of a part of their body as they named this as sui iuris. In clear words it is its own right. A person with legal autonomy has the right, but since he is a person with a disability, a conservatorship was appointed. This person was the one who administered all the assets of this person in conservatorship, but without giving auctoritas.
In the law of the XII tablets I organize it only to remedy the incapacity of the furiosi without intervals and of the prodigals who administered the received goods to intestates of their paternal ancestors.
Roman law made a distinction between furiosi and mind capti. The former was completely deprived of reason, while the latter was possessed of a little intelligence or poorly developed intellectual faculties.
III. Development
In this essay I will analyze what is the impact of the violation of your rights to people with disabilities?
One of the most common impacts in our society is the lack of education and lack of culture. Since in the 21st century, discrimination against people has been increasing, says South African politician Nelson Mandela, "Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world" (Nelson, 1918 - I live) I make reference to two types of education: 1. Education implemented by the government or private school. 1.2 education from home, one as a person depends on the values that your parents implement as, with values it is what you are going to sustain and reflect your education.
But in these times; we are living a time of lack of control in society. Lack of respect for people with diseases, people of legal age and people with disabilities.
“A person with a disability is not a useless person”, as Joaquín Romero, a 41-year-old who has been in a wheelchair for eighteen years due to multiple sclerosis, says: “Pain does not make any sense because of itself: the sense you have to look for yourself; We are not born with a manual under the arm that explains how to live with him »(romero, 2012).
A person with a physical or sensory sequela may have limitations, but these will be exhausted as the environment hinders their development.
In the INEGI national census, they name disability as: They are those who have one or more physical, mental, intellectual or sensory deficiencies and who, by interacting with different environments in the social environment, can prevent their full and effective participation under equal conditions. to the others “… Population and Housing Census 2012…” (Housing, 2012)
Types of disability
"The INEGI 2010 Population and Housing Census" names the types of disabilities "(INEGI, 2011)
Walk or move. It is the difficulty of a person to move, walk, move or climb stairs due to the lack of all or part of her legs or body.
Seeing is the total loss of sight in one or both visual eyes and those who still wear glasses cannot see well due to the advanced nature of their visual problems.
Mental. any mental problem such as delay, behavioral or behavioral disturbances.
Hear. It includes people who cannot hear, as well as those who have difficulty hearing (hearing weakness), in one or both ears, who even using hearing aids have difficulty listening due to the advanced nature of their problem.
Talk or communicate. Refers to problems communicating with others because of limitations in speaking or because they cannot speak or converse in an understandable way.
Attention and learning. It includes the limitations or difficulties to learn a new task or to pay attention for a certain time, as well as limitations to remember information or activities that must be carried out in daily life.
A person may have more than one disability, for example: deaf-mutes have a hearing and language limitation or those who suffer from cerebral palsy have motor and language problems.
In 2011, "the 2011 population and housing census, INEGI" mentions percentages of people with disabilities according to their problem difficulty: walking or moving 58.3%, visual 27.2%, hearing 12.1%, mental 8.5% speaking or communicating 8.3%, take care of personal care 5.5%, pay attention or learn 4.4%
The sum of percentages is greater than 100% for the population with more than one difficulty. As INEGI correctly mentions, there are more people with walking and moving problems with 58.3%. In something that in our country Mexico we do not have many establishments to transit people with wheelchairs, their rights are the most violated since it is difficult to move from one place to another, the lack of paving in the streets and ramps in sidewalks is what makes people with walking or moving disabilities unable to move.
Causes of disability
The reasons that cause disability in people can be varied, but the INEGI classifies them into four groups of main causes: birth, disease, accident and advanced age.
Of every 100 people with disabilities…
39 have it because they suffered an illness. 23 are affected by advanced age. 16 acquired it by inheritance, during pregnancy or at birth. 15 were injured as a result of an accident, 8 due to other causes.
The main rights of people with disabilities are:
Health protection, Right to work, Right to education, Urban law, Right to culture, Right to consumer protection, Tax law, Political rights, Civil law and civil procedure, Criminal law and criminal procedure
Disability is not an impediment to carry out an activity or to distinguish rights. Since they are protected by human rights, not discrimination if a society with unity and values would be a better country with higher expectations for all.
IV. conclusion
We live in a society with a lack of culture and respect for people with disabilities or people with a rare disease, one of the proposals that could be cited would be: Promote an environment that allows free access and movement for people with wheelchairs making sidewalks with Ramps and traffic lights with state-of-the-art technology for changing light to people with movement difficulties. Seek their incorporation, permanence and participation in regular educational activities at all levels, technical aids necessary for each disability at the levels of compulsory education, Create permanent training programs for employment and promotion of labor integration,Promote that the units of the National Health and Social Security System receive regularly the treatment and medications necessary to maintain and increase their functional capacity and quality of life. Among others, education is essential above all.
References
- Deniz, D. Disability. Brazil: Institute of Bioethics, Human Rights and Gender. Humans, DU (February 5, 2012).. Retrieved on November 26, 2013, from http://www.pdhre.org/rights/disabled-sp.html: http://www.pdhre.org/rights/disabled-sp.htmlINEGI. (2011). Census of population and housing. Mexico.Nations. (1945-1955). Disability and its activities. Nelson, M. (1918– alive). education. South Africa Romero, j. (2012). testimony. Housing, C. d. (2012).
