Organizations are a product of the evolution of man, since they have met their needs, and have created demand for products that today we take as basic for existence.
Today the world is going through a crisis that threatens our survival; as a result of the exploitation of natural resources by companies, and the pollution generated.
corporate-social-responsibility-evelynIf the organization is to some degree responsible for pollution, it should also be responsible for making the world a better place to inhabit in the future, the result of its actions is immense, they give us the opportunity to earn an income to live, It is where we spend a lot of hours, which is why they are definitely aware of the impact they have on the world, beyond a financial approach.
THE GLOBAL COMPACT
It was born in the year 2000, as a result of efforts in the United Nations to support sustainable development, through practices in human rights, labor standards, the environment and anti-corruption. Subsequently, in April 2004, the commitment to create socially responsible companies was signed.
"It is an interagency program, led by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the International Labor Organization (ILO) in order to promote social responsibility" Legrand, F. (2011)
From this, 10 principles are generated to provide companies with support in their implementation, generating annual reports on their progress, thereby evidencing their commitment to the global compact.
- Support and respect the protection of human rights Do not be complicit in the violation of human rights Support the freedom of affiliation and collective bargaining Support the elimination of all forms of forced or forced labor Support the eradication of child labor Support the abolition of discrimination practices Maintain a preventive approach that favors the environment Promote initiatives that promote greater environmental responsibility Promote the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies Work against corruption in all its forms
Sustainable development
"A sustainable process is when the capacity to produce indefinitely has been developed at a rate in which it does not exhaust the resources it uses and it needs to function and it does not produce more pollutants than its environment can absorb" Calvente, A. (2007).
In 2015 the UN Sustainable Development Goals were approved, adding it to the global compact for its implementation.
This gives companies the confidence and responsibility for their correct execution, not limiting them to not only causing harm, but to actually generating a positive impact on society. The global goal is to combat poverty, inequality, injustice and climate change.
- End of poverty Zero hunger Health and well-being Quality education Gender equality Clean water and sanitation Affordable and clean energy Decent work and economic growth Industry, innovation and infrastructure Reduction of inequalities Sustainable production and consumption Climate action Underwater life Peace, justice and strong institutions objectives
SUSTAINABILITY
"Sustainable development is the result of a set of decisions and processes that must be carried out by generations of human beings for their own well-being, within ever-changing living conditions" (Dourojeanni, A., 1999).
With a holistic approach, it is understood as a comprehensive perspective of the environment, and the impact generated by the decisions that are made.
But that is complicated by being very complex human beings in their characteristics, where it is not favorable towards the commitment, discipline and knowledge that practicing sustainability implies as a way of life.
It aims to achieve a "balance between the social, environmental and economic" (Dourojeanni, A., 1999).
WHAT IS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY?
According to Legrand, F. (2011), the fundamental objective of CSR is to turn the company into an engine of economic development, but in an ethical and socially responsible manner, without prioritizing profit or economic utility ”.
The European “green book”, CE (2001) defines it as an “agreement to which companies voluntarily decide to contribute to the achievement of a better society and a healthier environment” as a result of the “charter of fundamental rights”.
It is an investment towards the people who make up the organization, its environment and the relationship that exists between them, improving their productivity, being voluntary and optional does not exempt the company from legal compliance.
It has 3 important elements; Stakeholders or stakeholders, social balance and principles of social responsibility.
It provides a structure where everyone who has a relationship with the organization is involved, in order for it to be sustainable, respecting a code of ethics.
Social responsibility is not a program to give a positive image, gain supporters or sell products that are harmful, it is not a game, it is a real commitment by the company to care for the environment, to have personnel with personal and professional ethics, with decisions aware of the future and above all striving to build a world that lasts.
THE STAKE HOLDERS
Also known as Interest Groups, they are those involved with the organization, and which has an impact on the decisions it makes.
There is no list for all companies, they may vary according to the origin of the industry, the sector, the area, among others.
Krick, T., Forstater, M., Monaghan, P., & Sillanpää, M. (2006). Recommends their identification using these dimensions:
- By responsibility. Those that will be seen or are involved in an operational, financial or legal way. By influence. Those people who influence the actions necessary for the organization to achieve its goals. By proximity. People close or of continuous interaction for the organization. By dependency. People who depend on the organization for example; employees and family, customers and suppliers. By representation. Whether cultural or structural they are people who represent others, as community leaders.
Initial stakeholder determination may vary over time, and may even grow.
Its close relationship is recommended to have a real picture of how the organization is perceived, and with an effective communication process it allows the company to establish mutually beneficial relationships. As well as establishing strategic objectives to identify how the relationship behaves, and if they are defined correctly, as opportunities and resources could be lost.
GRI INDICATORS AND SOCIAL BALANCE
The Global Reporting (GRI) initiative was born in 1997 through the UN, but it was not until 2000 that the first instrument with which organizations were measured was created.
"The function of the indicators is to provide information on the economic, environmental and social impacts caused by the reporting organization" (Capriotti, P., & Schulze, F., 2010) in order to be able to make comparisons to validate their growth.
The Social Balance is "a technical business instrument that details objectives, achievements and difficulties in social matters during a given period" (Rodolfo, CF, 2014).
By generating a report similar to a financial report, all the actions carried out by the company can be quantified to create the social balance.
Equivalences between accounting balance and social balance. Source: Sánchez Calvillo, VR (2001). The Social Balance in Companies. Technological awareness
The social balance is generated in the organization in order to observe its behavior in “social and human matter” (S {nchez Calvillo, VR, 2001). Its elements are:
- Social and Human Policy Personnel by category or position and by sex Movement of the person Average age and average seniority in the company Absenteeism (hours) Wages and salaries Social action Improvement of living conditions at work Training and development
PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Although they are not limiting, the objective of social responsibility is sustainable development, which is why it adheres to these 7 principles to ensure that the objective is achieved.
- Accountability. The organization recognizes that it has an impact on society, and is preparing to report on it. The organization reports its decisions, policies and practices in order to respect and communicate its stakeholders. Ethical behavior. "The behavior of the organization should be based on the values of honesty, fairness and integrity" (Norma, ISO, 2006) Respect for stakeholders. The organization strives to locate its stakeholders, maintain a relationship with them and involve them in its activities. Respect for the principle of legality. The organization adheres to the existing legality in the area of operation and influence, and recognizes that "there is no individual or organization above the law" (Norma, ISO, 2006) Respect for international standards of behavior.The organization adheres for its purpose to the "International standard of behavior" (Standard, ISO, 2006) Respect for human rights. The organization respects and promotes with its policies and operations the "Universal Charter of Human Rights" (Norma, ISO, 2006).
CSR DIMENSIONS
"They are the basis for the diagnosis and evaluation of corporate behavior" Capriotti, P., & Schulze, F. (2010).
- ValuesTransparency and corporate governanceInternal publicEnvironmentSuppliersConsumers and customersCommunityGovernment and Society
ISO 26000
The ISO Standard created document 26000 in order to provide guidelines for implementation in organizations in a systemic way. This standard is not certifiable but groups best practices and is a complement to those that already have an ISO Standard in place.
Its structure is as follows, with the focus of a process map.
Schematic Vision ISO 26000 Source: Standard, ISO (2006). 26000: guide on
Social responsability. Recovered from: www. unit-iso. Org
Fundamental matters of social responsibility
"To define the scope of its social responsibility, identify relevant issues and set its priorities, an organization should be able to address core issues" (Standard, ISO, 2006)
- Organizational governance Human rights Labor practices Environment Fair operating practices Consumer affairs Active participation and community development
They are equivalent to the principles of Social Responsibility.
INITIATIVES AS TOOLS OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Initiatives are projects or activities that reinforce the principles of social responsibility, according to Norma, ISO (2006) these are divided into intersectoral and sectoral.
Cross-sectoral initiatives can be government, stakeholder, or single-stakeholder.
Sectoral initiatives are created in order to support some challenge in the sector already detected, for example agriculture, technologies.
There are also voluntary initiatives, which are aligned with some subject matter included in ISO 26000, which consequently are aligned with the principles of social responsibility, BENEFITS OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE ORGANIZATION
According to the Standard, ISO (2006) Social Responsibility offers benefits such as:
- Competitive advantage Reputation Ability to attract and retain human talent, customers and users Motivation and commitment of employees Improvement in the perception of investors, owners, donors, among others Improvement in relationships with those involved.
Social responsibility today is no longer an added value but a fundamental need of a company that is ethical and cares for its stakeholders.
CONCLUSIONS
The natural phenomena that today generate human losses and millionaire economic damages, are partly due to the abuse in the use of natural resources that man over-exploited for his survival.
However, not all industrial practices are aimed at giving tools for man to survive, there are also those that do not have a vital purpose.
The purpose of Corporate and Corporate Social Responsibility is to support organizations' awareness of their activities, the impact they have and to take charge of the consequences of their operations, taking as a basis the ethics, values and behavior that does not harm but builds a better world for future generations.
It also recognizes that there is a respect for those who are involved.
PROPOSED THESIS THEME
Implementation of Social Balance as a staff retention tool to prevent the flight of human talent.
objective
Reduce staff turnover in the Organization
REFERENCES
October 04, 2017, Retrieved from
Calvente, A. (2007). The modern concept of sustainability. Open University
Interamericana (URL: http: // www. Sustainability. Uai. Edu. Ar / pdf / sde / UAIS-SDS-100002% 20-% 20Sustentabilidad. Pdf).
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Correa, ME (2004). Corporate social responsibility in Latin America: a business vision (Vol. 85). United Nations Publications.
Dourojeanni, A. (1999). The dynamics of sustainable and sustainable development.
Legrand, F. (2011). RescataRSE: 7 years at the helm of CSR from Web 2.0. Recovered from
European, CE (2001). Green paper: promoting a European framework for corporate social responsibility. EEC.
Standard, ISO (2006). 26000: guide on Social Responsibility. Recovered from: www. unit-iso. org.
Krick, T., Forstater, M., Monaghan, P., & Sillanpää, M. (2006). Commitment to stakeholders. Manual for the practice of relations with stakeholders. AccountAbility, United Nations Environment Program, Stakeholder Research Associates Canada Inc, London.
Capriotti, P., & Schulze, F. (2010). Corporate social responsibility. Edit. Collection of Company Books, Santiago, Chile.
Rodolfo, CF Hologrammatic SOCIAL BALANCE STRUCTURE, ISSN-e 1668-
5024, No. 20, Vol. 1, 2014, pgs. 5-11
Sánchez Calvillo, VR (2001). The Social Balance in Companies. Technological Awareness, (16)
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