1.1. Concept
Design is defined as the scheme in which the variables are represented and how they will be treated in the study. It is usually represented in a mathematical scheme. Where the symbolization synthesizes the relationships of the variables, and how they are going to be measured through statisticians or mathematical models.
Although methodologists have different approaches to the definition of design, as is the case of C. Bernal when he says that “design is determined by the type of research to be carried out and the hypothesis to be tested during the development of the investigation". I do not endorse this definition because what matters is to define what design is, we are not referring to the nature of the research, which of course according to its nature determines what should be the design that must be considered to test the hypothesis. study.
The design is a kind of frying pan that is used for everything, where the meats, eggs, fish, roasts, and everything you can imagine are sewn. Here we are talking about the use of design.
How should I fry it is to talk about the nature of the study? Frying a steak may take longer than frying an egg. You may also choose the type of oil that best suits your palate or health. Those details that the Burmet considers is due to its experience giving it the final touch for each type of food. This is research. The design itself is a means (frying pan) that we use to determine a result, which may be different from the one proposed or expected. When we mistakenly choose the design whose results do not satisfy us, it is due to poor choice. For example, a Chinese cook would never dream of dressing chaufa rice in a flat pan. In general and thus the experience attests that the oval frying pan is preferable for turning the rice so that the seasoning is done evenly.
However, there are different types of design that adapt to the nature of the research. But class is still your choice.
Canales, for example, falls into the same error as Bernal when he says "the methodological design is the description of how the research will be carried out." The issue is not that, we are interested in defining “the design”.
Hector Riveros and Lucia Rosas also do not define what the research design is and only refer to the experimental procedure to be used and the instruments used to measure and control the variables.
We consider design to be a mathematical representation that serves to relate data from the variables involved. These representations can be simple or complex. It is usual to use mathematical models of 2 x 2, 2 x 3, 4x 4, etc. A model can consist of quantitative or qualitative data converted to its equivalence for easy handling.
The use of design as a mathematical representation does not support the use of value terms: good, bad, high, low, large. boy etc. before introducing it into the pan (Design), it is necessary to carry out a process of equivalence to the qualitative data.
When we refer to this, design is also used for the treatment of qualitative data as long as they are converted:
Examples of equivalence:
Qualitative data
Quantitative data
1.The 3 year old boy gets up, walks, grabs things and puts it in order =
It is described as applied
Equivalence
It is given a score of 15
2. The 3-year-old boy gets up, walks, grabs the things but puts them in disorder = He is rated a little messy
He is given a score of 12
Experimental design is a means to
Deliberately manipulate one or more variables that act as the cause (independent variable) to determine their effects on one or more dependent variables.
Design is the means of application where after formulating the hypothesis and defining the objectives of the study, all of which must be explicitly reflected in both the Project and the Final Report of the research, the researcher must then select the type A suitable study to answer the question that motivates the research, considering that there is generally more than one type of design appropriate for it.
The classification of the different types of research is related to the problem it seeks to solve. The objectives that we set out in the investigation exert a capital influence in determining the type of study that we will carry out.
Research can be classified according to several criteria, but basically they follow the line of considering the state of knowledge and the scope of the results.
Bernal C. In: Pino Gotuzzo (2006). Investigation methodology. 2nd. ed. Lima: Edit. Saint Mark. p.185.
Channels Fca. Et Al. (2004). Research methodology. ”20th. reprint, Mexico: Edit. Limusa SA p. 134.
Riveros H, Rosas L. (1990). The scientific method applied to experimental sciences. 2nd edition Mexico: Trillas p.62.
Gotuzzo Pine. 2006. Investigation methodology. 2nd. ed. Lima: Edit. Saint Mark p. 187.
