Pythagoras.
Pythagoras, like other thinkers, saw the need to know how to educate our children; Today, questions and expressions arise such as: “before, children and young people respected more, were more sensitive, etc., However, although the time Pythagoras lived is very different from ours, the same needs to know how to educate are observed.
Chapter III of the book: “Non-profit. Why Democracy Needs Humanities ”, by the American Martha Craven Nussbaum, addresses this need to reflect on the type of education that children and young people in our society receive, although it refers to the situation in the United States., is not very distant from our reality. Every day we observe situations that should not occur and that generate feelings of rejection and even anger; daily the news is riddled with attitudes of discrimination, humiliation and isolation of people for their skin color, economic situation, ideals, etc.
Situations that have led the human being to seek different mechanisms of government, beliefs and even different ways of living life, question these behaviors in a society that is increasingly required to be more just and equitable. We fight for our ideals, we require respect for each other, we dream of peace in our country, we want to be happy, but we always repeat the mistakes of the past, we accuse each other and we end up exterminating each other. What's going on? What happens to our society? Where this error? Why is it repeated in the different times of humanity?There are so many questions that arise that we have sought solutions in different parts and different explanations of what we live, but the answer is simple, the solution is in what we sow, in those “little people” that many see without future and contempt: the children, but more than in the children in the education they receive and in the hands of whom we give them that role of accompanying their formation.
Family traditions lead us to think that babies cannot be alone, that children cannot do things alone and that we are their guardians, their servants; Well, we want a democratic society, we demand our rights, we want to be heard and valued, but from an early age we learn to manipulate. This manipulation is carried out by our children and babies when they discover that they are the center of attraction and that we must be submissive to their needs and whims. "Everything has a limit" says a popular phrase, but how far have we allowed that limit? We have grown up knowing the weakness of our parents and from then on we look for the weakness of the other to "be above him".
Nussbaum's approach in this chapter is very assertive in giving us some insight into why our society and the world is as it is, more and more people who take office, a new social position, among others, try to feel superior to another and he shows it in his change of attitude and even of thought, wanting to radiate his "emotional state" without taking into account the others.
We always look for the root of all evils outside of us and we even justify ourselves, wanting to indicate that the fault if it was ours was in self-defense. Citizenship, wanting to be better citizens is a requirement, but we do not ask ourselves, what does each one do to be one? Surely "no society is pure," says Nussbaum, but we can change and transform it. How, then, is the capacity for democratic respect and equality acquired?, the American also asks and quotes Rousseau with his work "Emilio" where he did not consider the child to be bad by nature, but rather highlights the natural instincts of love and understanding and that the child's own weakness and lack generate a dynamic that it can cause ethical distortions and cruel behavior; In a certain sense, the popular expression that says "children cannot be given everything" is very valid.
Each society has its own culture, normally accepted by all, but it is also true that on many occasions the mistakes of the past are repeated, and habits of power and discrimination are acquired, each gender (male or female) is supported on which it belongs, understands and understands it, we observe how there are “particular worldviews”in each group and a particular way of seeing themselves. Some believe that the only way to prosper is to be perfect and control everything, rooted foundations from childhood. Despite all this, Nussbaum proposes various ways of transforming the school, who must be the guarantor of social change, in which it can develop the capacity in students to see the world from the perspective of the other, especially those people that usually appear to them as "objects" or inferior beings.
