The loan applicant must prepare a specific approach to the financial intermediary:
- What do I want? How much and when do I need it? What do I want it for? How and when can I pay? How can I guarantee payment?
information
Credit request
- Type of credit. Amount, destination, term and guarantees. Bank and commercial references. Legal, fiscal, technical and market information. Bank account statements. Financial statements. From 2 previous years. - Recent (3 months).Projections, bases and projection criteria. Cash flow for the validity of the credit. Applicant's equity ratio and / or guarantee. Insurance policy. Official identification.
Article 65 of the Law on Credit Institutions establishes that for the granting of their financing, credit institutions must estimate:
- The economic viability of the project, the recovery periods, the economic situation of the borrowers, the administrative and moral qualification. - The necessary guarantees. Decision factors.
The granting of the credit therefore requires ELEMENTS OF JUDGMENT that must be obtained both from the applicant and from third parties.
- Qualitative Factors Quantitative Factors Risk Factors guarantees but not for guarantees Qualitative information Description and experience of the company's justification for credits Quantitative information Quantitative information Liquidity: Proximity of an asset to become money Profitability: Relationship between profits and equity. Flow: Ability to meet future obligations. Risks. Financial statements. Balance sheet.
ACTIVE
All the assets and rights of the company.
PASSIVE
The debts and obligations in charge of the company.
STOCKHOLDERS 'EQUITY
Equity or investment made by the owners of the company. It is complemented by profits and reserves, which are created to strengthen said capital and protect it in the event of a loss.
Balance sheet.
ACTIVE
CIRCULATING
Goods and values in constant motion.
PERMANENT
Investment in infrastructure.
DEFERRED
It is gradually transferred to results as an expense (amortization).
PASSIVE
SHORT-TERM
Financing source for shortage of Treasury.
LONG TERM
Obligations for a term greater than one year.
DEFERRED
It is transferred to results as income. Stockholders' equity
Contributions
Capital earned
Statement of income.
It shows in detail the income, costs and expenses and the profit or loss obtained in an exercise or period of time.
Financial statements.
Cash flow statement.
The beginning balance of each period is equal to the ending balance of the immediately preceding period.
Working capital.
Assets easily convertible into money must be sufficient to cover the short-term liabilities, with some margin of safety.
Current Assets Current Liabilities
Cash on hand and Suppliers. banks.
Salaries and wages for + Temporary investments. pay.
+ Accounts receivable. Taxes to pay.
+ Inventories. Other short-term commitments.
Liquid working capital = (Assets "Liabilities) current
Indices.
Leverage.
Cost effectiveness.
Operating profit
Interest paid
Cash Flow.
Cash Flow.
Cash after operations
Total external financing
Cash after operations
Current liabilities
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