IN INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH
Over the last 30-40 years, the Green Revolution approach created by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) led by the World Bank has prevailed.
environmental-aspects-agricultural-researchGREEN REVOLUTION
- Response to the food security problem that arose with the rapid growth of the population and post-war. Developed countries looked for alternatives through research.
MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE GREEN REVOLUTION
- Intensive use of external inputs, such as:
- Synthetic Fertilizers Pesticides Herbicides
CONSEQUENCES…
- Polarization in rural areas Rising levels of poverty Pollution of the Environment Degradation and depletion of Natural Resources
OUTCOME…
It did not contribute significantly to solving poverty in the peasant sectors.
It is therefore required: A Refocusing...
Elements to take into account
- Globalization and Privatization Process, Climate Change, Changes in the World of Science, Social Equity.
NEW RESPONSIBILITY FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
- Make traditional research objectives compatible:
- Increase in productivity. Profitability of agriculture.
- Fight against poverty.Protection of the environment.
NEW RESPONSIBILITY...
Agricultural Growth << >> Poverty Reduction << >> Sustainable Environment
It involves an I&DS Approach
THE R&D APPROACH
- ASSESSMENT Conservation - Sustainability - Research MIRN Management Plan - Carrying Capacity - Distributive Equity ACTORS Community - Government - NGO´s MARKET Quality - Organization - Micro-enterprise
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVESTIGATION
Develop technological innovations:
- Economically profitable Environmentally sustainable with benefits for the whole of society.
This statement is easy, but its implementation is extremely complex.
CURRENT INVESTIGATION NEEDS
In the new economic environment of Latin American countries, research and biotechnology should focus on those aspects related to overcoming poverty and conserving the environment and natural resources.
QUESTIONS OF CURRENT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
WHAT TO INVESTIGATE? WHERE TO INVESTIGATE? WHO SHOULD INVESTIGATE?
TYPES OF RESEARCH NEEDED IN THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL
Soil Resource
- Progressive loss of the productive capacity of soils Contamination of soils by agrochemicals, heavy metals, dioxins, furans and other pollutants Natural and accelerated erosion of soils Definition of indicators (rest time, intensive use change, productive capacity, material percentage organic, crop associations, among others)
Water Resource
- Proper use of crop irrigation water Environmental services Contamination of irrigation water and livestock use with pesticides Pollution of surface and groundwater with residues, agrochemicals, medicines and others.
Agroforestry and Silvopastoral Systems
- Conservation of forest remnants and wildlife refuges Associations of short-cycle crops with timber Environmental Services Carrying capacity of forests and grasslands
Healthy Environment in Rural Areas
- Environmental pollution from storage, transport, spraying and inappropriate disposal of agrochemicals Relative health damage to rural families due to externalities associated with environmental pollution Assess the importance of the direct and indirect effects of technologies in promoting rural development.
WHY INVEST IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH?
- To intensify the comparative advantages of a country in relation to its closest competitors To introduce new technologies that reduce the use of inputs, have an optimal economic return and guarantee sustainability (be Competitive) The lack of agricultural research has a series of costs that are not directly felt, but are and can be higher in terms of the benefits that are not perceived. To this we should add the answers to the following question, how much risk does a country run by depending a lot on another in the supply of your main foods?
INVESTMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL
The success of a country's research and development initiatives requires investment in human capital.
The training of researchers is the duty of the national academic community and the Dominican State
CONCLUSIONS
A National System of Agricultural Research is of vital importance for the sustainable management and conservation of the country's biodiversity.
Research policies and priorities must be in accordance with the needs of the population.
CHALLENGE OF THE INVESTIGATION...
Is it possible to develop the practice of increasing production in a healthy, socially equitable and economically feasible environment at the same rate as the ever-increasing demand for food?
LET'S DO IT….
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