The sign language is a natural expression through movement based and expressions of the body holding deaf people to communicate, learn and express what they feel. It is of great importance that this language is implemented in basic education through educational strategies and that teachers can put into practice the basic knowledge of sign language, so that students can perform their skills and knowledge. In the course of their school life they will be able to see a wide panorama about the opportunities that will arise when mastering this language and they will be able to give an interaction and incorporation with the people around them and they can be benefited through their knowledge since both students will be able to master oral language and sign language.
Introduction
Sign languages or sign languages are known by its acronym in English as “Mexican Sign Language”. In Mexico it is known as the Mexican Sign Language, this language is used by people who have hearing impairment. Its acronym in both English and Spanish can be referred to as "LSM."
The Mexican Sign Language is important in the lives of people with hearing impairment that is why this article is prepared from the perspective of introducing deaf people to the education of hearing people and vice versa. Since they will be able to communicate with each other.
It is essential to know the correct use so that they can have an adequate learning of said language as well as the verbal language has rules in the same way the sign language. However, in basic education schools, verbal and sign communication learning has not been implemented due to the lack of support services for said education.
Likewise, sign language will make it possible for basic education students to generate learning knowledge like all students without any distinction, contributing to the development of skills for reading, writing and mathematics, which will facilitate communication at an early age.
The author defines Sign Language as the set of signed codes (movements made with the hands to give a meaning to each word) for the development of communication in deaf and hard of hearing people.
That is, they are codes made up of a set of arbitrary and conventional symbols that allow the expression of ideas for communication, have rules at all linguistic levels, allow displaced communication and the unlimited codification of ideas from a finite set of elements. (Romero, 1999: Para. 88)
On the other hand, the author mentions that the Mexican Sign Language is a complete language. It consists of visual signs with their own linguistic structure, with which deaf people in Mexico identify and express themselves. (Pedagogical Institute for Language Problems, 2018: Para. 3)
It is worth mentioning that these authors consider Mexican Sign Language as a language of body and gestural expression, since it is a way for people with hearing problems to communicate and express themselves with society. The Spanish language has rules for its writing and pronunciation, like Sign Language, therefore it is necessary to know and learn the rules that this language has, to be able to make a correct use in the expression of it..
It should be added that the Mexican Sign Language known by its acronym LSM is now official in the General Law for the inclusion of People with Disabilities.
With reference to the above, the author mentions that in Article 14. The Mexican Sign Language is officially recognized as a national language and is part of the linguistic heritage of the Mexican nation. (Institute for People with Disabilities of Mexico City, 2017: 29)
In other words, Sign Language is a central communication identity for the cognitive development of the deaf community. This Language facilitates the interpretation of things of daily life, needs, thoughts, knowledge, culture, traditions etc. that allow the individual a greater degree of socialization and interaction with their social environment.
Likewise, the authors mention that it is of great importance and relevance to be able to adopt, adapt, build programs with an orientation to the bilingual and bicultural educational model, which bases educational practices for deaf children, youth and adults, this method is based, in the teaching of LSM as a first language and Spanish in its literacy modality as a second language. (Salgado, Isidro and Bonilla, SF: 10)
Sign language in basic education is of great importance for both the teacher and the students who use sign language and oral language. Since the teacher has to implement learning methods in two languages syntactically and grammatically with contents that grant greater communicative competence.
That is, the syntactic language refers to the linguistic discipline that starts from the rules and principles in relation to the words of a sentence and the grammar ensures that these rules and principles are fulfilled, for example: accentuations, semicolons, when starting a text, the first capital letter is added etc.
Therefore, all individuals without any distinction have the right to contribute in all social and educational aspects, so that they can receive knowledge from teachers who seek strategies for teaching students who enter with hearing disabilities and integrate into society. student.
However, there are a large number of people who suffer or transcend the biological deficits of hearing loss, one of the five essential senses that human beings have. This problem can be found in the social, educational, labor and cultural spheres, a situation that causes inequality in society.
According to the type of disability in the state of Puebla
It is concluded that 43.9% of people have disabilities to walk, move, go up or down with their legs; 23.4% have difficulty seeing even using glasses, and 10.2% of the population with disabilities have a hearing problem. (System for the Integral Development of the Family in the State of Puebla, 2010: 22)
Next, the following graphs are presented with reference to the aforementioned according to SEDIF.
Percentages of types of disability in people
Population by Type of Disability in Puebla MX
Later the author mentions that the signs are divided into four different types. This depends on the use of one or two hands or their movement, be it simultaneous or not.
A manual signal (SM) is articulated with one hand
A bimanual signal (SB) is articulated with two hands at the same time in a disparate, free or asymmetric way.
A symmetrical sign (SS) is articulated with two hands at the same time, always through mirror movements, identical and inverse (alternating) or inversely proportional (simultaneous).
A compound sign (CS) is articulated through at least two simple signs or three different configurations. (INDEPEDI, 2017: 72)
Therefore, people who have this disability do not intend to study and socialize due to the difficulties that arise every day. Teachers in basic education tend to plan their activities without taking into account that at any moment they will be presented with hearing impaired students. Therefore, the teacher has to implement strategies according to the hearing disability, solving the problem and incorporating the student without any distinction to reinforce their knowledge.
Thus, the basic education service to all students, including everyone, can be improved. Obtaining satisfactory communication and learning for both students since they would be learning a language and a verbal language.
Finally, this contribution of incorporating students of basic education with hearing disabilities, aims that students learn to develop new linguistic knowledge, both verbal and signs. Through teaching strategies for students who appear in the classroom and have a hearing disability to improve the quality of knowledge of future generations.
conclusion
Sign language is an essential tool in the lives of people with hearing impairment, since through hand movements and facial expressions they can transmit feelings or communication with people who have the same problem.
The purpose of this article is to make sign language known to society for both verbal and sign people. One of its main alternatives to be able to be integrated into society is through education since there may be situations in which students with said disability enter but they tend to be rejected for not having the adequate personnel for said learning.
It is very important to implement strategies by teachers since they are a fundamental piece for teaching and can improve the cognitive development of students, since both would be learning both verbal language and sign language.
Parents are also a fundamental piece, since with their help, feedback is given to encourage their children not to be discriminatory with those who have hearing deficits.
Finally, it is a good opportunity for students who wish to study their basic level and who are not singled out for having a hearing disability, therefore everyone should have the same academic, social, etc. opportunities. Because of discriminatory reasons such as the now well known bulliyng, students leave their studies unfinished.
References
- Escobedo, C. (2017). Dictionary of the Mexican Sign Language. Mexico. DLSM COMISA.indb. Retrieved from: https://indiscapacidad.cdmx.gob.mx/Instituto Pedagógico for Language Problems. (2018). Mexican Sign Language. Mexico. Ippliap. Retrieved from: http://ippliap.edu.mx Institutional Program. (2012). System for the Integral Development of the Family in the State of Puebla. Puebla: Secretary of Finance and Administration. Retrieved from: http://planeader.puebla.gob.mx Salgado, C., Mojica, MI, and Bonilla, SM (SF) The Mexican Sign Language in the Education of deaf children from the socio-anthropological perspective of the Bilingual Educational Model and Bicultural. Mexico: National Congress of Educational Research. Recovered from: http: //comie.org.mxValentini, FJ (2018).Learning Mexican Sign Language through a digital platform. Mexico: Digital UNID. Recovered from
