Social and economic development have science and technology as key components, but at the same time, the absence of tools to measure the significance of social and economic impacts is an emerging problem in this context. Today, Professor César Jiménez Calderón from the Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo Catholic University raises the need to analyze the roles of science and technology policy in social development, as well as the viability of strategies to unite and mobilize institutions, the chains of social actors and the economy, in order to determine the underlying causal logic of the mission or intervention program that involves the use of scientific research in society. Scientists have an obviously important and universally recognized public scientific mission;However, one of the problems under discussion involves the application of theories in the social field because they are difficult to quantify. Therefore, methodologies in the field of research orient research work in science and technology towards the qualification of human intervention to produce changes - in the process that means supporting a hypothesis that leads to an objective situation, generating social welfare as a result. tangible. At this point, if qualitative research produces well-being, although replicability is seriously threatened -as a key situation in the scientific method-, then science and technology will look for ways to operate and explain the social phenomena that produce that well-being, in order to to have them available to the agents who are leading the changes.
Bozeman et al (2003) propose a theory of the ordering of scientific changes in which they argue that science and scientists have little ability to provide advantageous or disadvantageous social results, they only offer scientific results in the corresponding patents. National innovation systems, therefore, should foster a better understanding between advances in scientific know-how towards the achievement of the desired goals in developing countries, which have various social problems to solve.
According to Meyer (2002) science and technology can provide the tools that help alleviate the specific problems that afflict many poor countries and impede their development. The systematization of intellectual production through mental tools (Jiménez, et al 2006) allows analyzing local problems and proposing alternatives based on other studies, allowing traceability of the flow of knowledge at the level of scientific reports. Thus, economically successful countries are those that have the security of transferring technological information to their economic productivity. Japan, Korea and Taiwan are prime examples of how a long-term strategic plan based on boosting indigenous innovation capacity has successful results.Successful economies are characterized by a complex system of transferring new knowledge and innovation to their productive economic capacity; this is,the state's ability to acquire, absorb, disseminate, and apply modern technologies in its economy. A keyword for a successful national innovation system is "learning." A learning economic system leads to a successful economy.
The objective of a work plan for the analysis of the new roles of science and technology is to investigate the nexus between science and technology policies and the development prospects of poor countries, taking the reports on traceability as a framework for analysis. knowledge flows and the proposal of quantitative models for measuring social impact, to later socialize the results of the research.
The proposed analysis topics may include (a) the vision of national innovation systems and knowledge flows, (b) recent changes in patent policy and the “privatization” of knowledge: causes, consequences, and implications for the developing countries; and, (c) the traceability of the public value of knowledge in innovation systems at the national level.
References
Bozeman, B., et al. (2003). Knowledge flows, innovations and learning in developing countries. Volume 1. USA: Rockefeller Foundation.
Bozeman, B., et al. (2003). Public value mapping for scientific research. Volume 2. USA: Rockefeller Foundation.
Jiménez, C., et al. (2006). Mind tools for intellectual produce. X World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics. USA: International Institute of Informatics and Systemics.
Meyer, M. (2002). Tracing knowledge flows in innovation systems. Finnish Institute for Enterprise Management. Finland.
