Introduction
Planning is an administrative or managerial function related to the prior determination of the objectives to be achieved and the activities to be carried out to achieve those objectives. The specialists or technicians in pictures must systematically ensure that the pictures. Leaders and officials prepare their work planning and include activities related to the preparation and training of cadres in it.
In the typical direction, whether administrative or political, there is an interesting planning area that is regularly known as WORK PLANS.
Although they are based on the same general principles as the production plans, the service plans or the techno-economic plan, the work plans have their own personality and require the use of certain techniques that avoid important errors, this at the same time is an activity that must be attended with priority by those responsible for the cadre police.
Work plans have all the advantages derived from planning, provided that their preparation and start-up follow the appropriate techniques.
It is interesting to explain that this phenomenon of the “Plan” goes beyond the framework of the work bureau, since it is inherent in human activity, which is why we always end up planning, prioritizing and organizing the month, the week, or the day, and this influence is expressed even at home.
We could approach the question of work plans based on the time they cover; In this way we would reach a division into three levels: short, medium and long term. However, the purpose of these recommendations is intentionally limited, which is why we specifically refer to short-term work plans, understood as such those whose maximum horizon is one year, without prejudice to the fact that many of the issues indicated here are certain for longer terms.
So, we even associate the plans with various denominations of the management, we could say that those that have a more operational nature, establish their plans and purposes in short terms, even when it comes to the leader personally, we plan even for a month and we rectify in the weeks in the days. When trying to project the organization's work strategies, longer terms are established over time, they could be foreseen in ranges of up to five years.
Referring to the quality and objectivity of the work plans, we have faced dissimilar errors in their preparation. The most common reasons for this are given by:
- Incorrect or poorly formulated objectives. The tasks do not correspond to the proposed or formulated objectives. Poorly organized or conceived plans where there are excesses or clusters of tasks that a priori are known that they cannot be carried out. Absence of some of the essential elements that It must contain a plan.
STAGES TO DESIGN WORK PLANS (BEFORE, DURING AND
BEFORE THE PLAN IS MADE:
- Ask your senior manager for general policies and set policies to apply in your area of influence. Make sure that everyone is clear on the policies you set and that there are no contradictions in them. Establish a method for making the plan that guarantees uniformity, quality and time. If tailoring and control can be combined into a single model, do so. Start the preparation process well in advance of the period when the plan should be executed. Analyze the relationship between what was planned and what was carried out in the previous month, take it into account now Synthesize the plan as it moves up the hierarchical scale. This means that the level of detail must be reduced as the plan moves to higher levels.Seek the required integration between the plans of the rest of the organization's spheres of work. This does not limit the independence of each front, it strengthens the opposite.
DURING THE PREPARATION OF THE WORK PLAN:
- Stay connected to your subordinates, providing advice and making policy adjustments where necessary. Make sure that subordinates are involved in making the plan. Make sure that proper coordination is established with other areas, other than yours, They can affect what is being planned. Take time to review the proposed plan. Then discuss it with your subordinates. Combine boldness with real possibilities. Ensure that the experiences derived from previous plans are used. balance of resources and tasks.
AFTER
- Determine a periodic monitoring system and put it into practice. Do not readily access proposals for plan changes. Demand accountability for firm actions and results, and make it clear to your subordinates that you will evaluate them for the quality of the project. level of achievement and what they achieve and not because of their ability to justify themselves. Use the principles of selective control to define the periodicity and depth of the verifications. Collect experiences for future plans based on control of the plan.
CHECK THE QUALITIES OF THE WORK PLANS
Once the objectives have been defined and the work plans have been prepared, it is necessary to analyze whether they have the essential qualities to act as management instruments.
Our experience is that this is sometimes not done. As a consequence, the plans have evident defects that are later discovered, such as tasks not duly staggered in time, undefined responsibilities, tasks that have been forgotten, etc.
In these cases, the plan becomes only a relationship of good purpose, but it is not conducive.
They can be helped by a group of questions that will allow them to make a short analysis of the qualitative aspects of the work plans. If the answers to the following questions are satisfactory, the plan can be said to be good. Let's see.
THAN? / What tasks are essential to achieve the objectives? Are they all included?
WITH WHAT? / Is there a balance between what you intend to do and the resources available?
WHERE? / Was the organizational unit that is responsible for each activity defined? Is that the right unit? Could that activity be combined with another and assigned to a different unit?
WHO? / Was the executor, or the executors of each activity, defined?
WHEN? / Are the start and end dates of each task set? When tasks are dependent on each other, have their start and end dates been properly interrelated?
HOW? / Is there a method to follow for the task execution? It is adequate?
WHY? / This question will be asked, in turn, to each of the answers to the previous questions. Example: Why are those tasks necessary to achieve the objectives? Why are those considered the appropriate dates?
If all these questions were taken into account when planning, obviously the quality and objectivity of the plans would be qualitatively superior to those that we have today.
As a result of what has been discussed so far, those responsible for the work areas, as immediate superior managers, must approve the plans of their subordinates, since part of their missions are right there, we must not forget that a way of checking in the Practice the work of subordinates lies in accompanying them when it comes to materializing the previously planned.
WHAT IS THE WORK PLAN?
It is a valuable instrument where the organization's lines of work materialize at different levels of management.
ASPECTS TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT TO MAKE A PLAN
- It must have the objectives and agreements adopted where the analysis of the work carried out is carried out. The guidelines (affectations) of the higher levels will be located, which must be adapted to the characteristics of the territory. The specific problems addressed by the management instance must be reflected. in which the picture is developed, starting from the route for its treatment.
WHAT STEPS SHOULD WE FOLLOW TO PLAN?
- Analysis of the specific historical situation in the place where the plan will materialize. Establishment of policies. Determination of the objectives. Determination of the relevant assumptions or possible events in the period of time in which the plan will be executed. Select alternatives.
WORK PLAN MODEL
| Not | goals | Chores | Date | Hour | Place | Participants | Responsible | Assurance |
| What do I want to achieve? | How can i achieve it? | When will the task be done? | Where will the task take place? | Who is affected in each case? | Who runs the activity? | What do I need to guarantee the task with quality? |
