Introduction
We currently live in a world where companies are in a competitive market in which they demand each other to satisfy the needs of consumers, which is why at the same time the same companies demand a level of competitiveness from their workers., which leads to having more pressure from the bosses in order to solve the demands of consumers every day.
Workers face day to day multiple pressures in the workplace and personal that can affect the level of performance both in daily life and in the workplace, which directly affects its objectives.
Abstract
We live in a world where companies are in a competitive market which require each other to meet the needs of consumers, which is why while the same companies require a level of competitiveness of its workers, which leads to having more pressure from the patterns in order to solve the everyday consumer demands.
Every day workers face many pressures at work and personal level that may affect the performance level both in everyday life and in the workplace which directly affects the objectives of this.
Definition and generalities of stress
Stress is a set of physiological and psychological reactions that the organism experiences when subjected to strong demands. This phenomenon has two basic components:
- Stressors or stressors The stress response
These stressors are those circumstances that are in the environment that surrounds people and that produce stressful situations. Stressors can be individual, group and organizational.
The response to stress is the reaction of an individual to the factors that cause it and the types of response that can be given in the face of a stressful situation are two:
- Response in adequate harmony with the demand that is presented Negative, insufficient or exaggerated responses in relation to the demand that is raised, this is generally the cause of a mismatch.
At this point there are different types of reactions in each individual since each person tends to react in different ways, while for some people this type of experience is exhausting, difficult or with a very strong negative effect on the body, for other people these Experiences are only slightly disruptive and do not cause damage to the nervous system and anywhere in the body.
Why is it important to identify stress in organizations?
Stress is classified as a biopsychosocial disorder and currently affects the world population. Currently she is immersed in a globalized society that increasingly demands and demands fit and trained individuals to face and solve each of the labor, social and emotional problems that arise.
In this case it is where individuals face the different situations that arise, which leads to a series of physical, biological and hormonal changes, and at the same time allows them to adequately respond to external demands.
At any moment of life certain tensions are generated, the logical reactions are to eliminate them completely, in which it is very likely that the only thing that succeeds is to become even more stressed, so as rational human beings the intelligent and positive thing is to know how to control the tensions. to channel them later in a positive way.
Most organizations depend on the human mind to carry out their daily tasks in order to be more productive. Employees are immersed in countless pressures from the same company in order to always remain in the market, thus being the consumer taste, which leads to suffering countless casualties or low productivity due to work stress, which is of utmost importance for organizations to identify them in order to carry out an action plan against them.
Currently, there are many factors that cause job stress, due to the high competitiveness that exists in the market, which is why companies tend to perform tasks in order to eliminate such cases, for example, performing tasks outside of everyday life, either In another department or simply performing tasks that are out of the ordinary, some companies employ these types of activities, since the worker, out of a routine to which he is immersed day by day, tends to be more productive.
Other companies implement a play area where employees can have fun after the workday, so they can be distracted after their daily routine which is stimulating for the brain because it forgets about the problems that could be caused within the company. This makes employees more productive in the corresponding areas, so they forget about all the problems that could be presenting, stimulating a good attitude and clearing all activities.
Types of stress
In general terms, one can speak of two types of stress:
- Positive stress (EUSTRES) Negative stress (DISTRES)
Eustrés as a state in which an individual's responses to external demands are adapted to its physiological norms, is the phenomenon that occurs when people react positively, creatively and affirmatively to a given circumstance which It allows them to objectively resolve the difficulties that arise in life and in this way develop their capacities and skills.
Distress is called when the demands of the environment are excessive, intense and / or prolonged, and exceed the capacity of resistance and adaptation of the body of an individual, go to the state of distress or bad stress.
It can be said that stress can be seen as an adaptation phenomenon in individuals since it depends on each person and the situation that is presented, the type of response they provide to their environment and this may or may not benefit their growth personal and / or professional.
Stress phases
Stress can be divided into three phases:
1) Alarm phase:
As its name says, it is the phase where the body perceives a type of warning in which the presence of the stress agent is constituted.
2) Resistance phase:
The resistance phase is followed by the alarm phase, when the presence of stress overcome by it, in which the subject can face it and solve the problem satisfactorily, is where the stress is not concluded since there is a type of resistance that prevents it.
3) Exhaustion phase:
When the opposite of the resistance phase is carried out and allowed to be carried by the circumstances, it is when the exhaustion phase is reached, which leads to a wear and tear of the brain that allows the stressor to develop, leading to inefficient response to tasks performed.
Causes of work stress
Nowadays people spend most of their time at work, in search of having a better performance in it, but they forget essential things in life such as friends, family life, distraction from the environment that they cause such factors. Thus, this type of life is often the cause of a person being addicted to employment, which at the same time is the cause of work stress.
Stressors can appear in any field of work, at any level and in any circumstance in which an individual is subjected to a load that cannot be accommodated quickly, with which he does not feel competent or on the contrary with which he is hold too much responsibility.
In most cases, job stress is caused by many causes, but the main one would be when the employee undergoes a drastic change in which they face various situations that they may not control or generate mistrust due to not being able to carry out their work with certain confidence as he had been doing, an example of this may be a change of job position either to another area to which he is not accustomed or in job changes since when these changes are made the worker tends to be insecure in his work because it performs new tasks that generate a certain insecurity when performing them and at the same time there is pressure from it to want to perform them correctly.
Effects of work stress on the organization
Job stress has a serious consequence for the company, since if there is a high rate of job stress they cause a considerable drop in staff performance, job stress can cause:
- Absenteeism. Rotation or fluctuation of personnel. Decreased physical performance.
conclusion
Companies must consider that workers are immersed day by day under various pressures to carry out their work in a timely manner and at the same time perform them correctly, which leads to suffering from this type of problem, that is where they must put a special care so that the performance of each worker is adequate and thus be able to achieve each of their goals.
Stress is a disease that afflicts the majority of workers today, since each individual is subjected to various types of pressures and situations, whether inside or outside the workplace, in which it directly affects the performance of each one. Companies tend to subject each employee to various situations in which he may find it difficult to work, leading to a situation of stress due to not being able to carry out his daily tasks correctly. That is why it is important to be able to identify these types of situations in order to attack them and have greater efficiency in daily tasks, at the same time increasing worker productivity.
Information sources
- Geosalud (2008). "Work stress". Consulted on April 18, 2015, available at: www.geosalud.com/salud-ocupacional/estres_laboral.htmMARBÁN, Joaquín, "Stress affects work performance". Accessed April 18, 2015, available at: Pose. (2005). "Causes and effect of work stress". Consulted on April 18, 2015, available at: www.monografias.com/trabajos34/…/causas-estres-laboral.shtmlPsicología- online (2010), “Risks of stress”. Consulted on April 18, 2015, available at: www.psicologia-online.com/ebooks/riesgos/capitulo3AGUAYO, González Francisco and Juan Ramón Llama Ruiz (2010), "An ergonomic perspective and its protection in organizational design". Accessed on April 18, 2015, available at: http://www.mapfre.com/documentacion/publico/i18n/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=1018141, accessed March 2010.
