The Quality Management Model of State Services is the Set of practices that were defined as keys to the management of any public entity of excellence.
gender-equality-in-the-labor-aspectIts design is based on the Chilean Excellence Management Model, which was adapted to the uniqueness of State management to ensure its proper implementation at the service of users.
At the Faculty of Medicine, the professor addresses a student and asks:
- "How many kidneys do we have?" - "Four!" -Answers the student.
- «Four… ?!», replies the teacher, arrogant, one of those who take pleasure in trampling on the mistakes of the students. - "Bring a bundle of grass, because we have a donkey in the room", - the teacher orders his assistant.
"'And a coffee for me!'" Said the student to the teacher's assistant.
The teacher got angry and expelled the student from the classroom.
The student was the humorist Aparicio Torelly, known as the Baron de Itararé (1895-1971).
Upon leaving the classroom, the student still had the audacity to correct the furious teacher:
- «You asked me how many kidneys
'we have'. We 'have' four: two of mine and two of yours. Because 'we have' is an expression used for the plural. Have a good profit and enjoy the grass. "
MORALEJA:
Life demands much more understanding than knowledge. Sometimes people, because they have a little more knowledge or '' believe '' that they do, feel they have the right to underestimate others…
It is necessary to choose between pride and humility to listen well to others. We almost always choose pride and deafness.
COMPETENCES AND SKILLS?
COMPETENCES
• Labor competence is the ability to successfully respond to a complex demand or carry out an activity or task, according to performance criteria defined by the organization or productive sector. Competencies encompass an individual's knowledge (Knowing), attitudes (Knowing Being) and abilities (Knowing How).
(knowledge, skills, attitudes) and the environment (technology, organization, others) to respond to complex situations.
• Know how to be, or carry out activities according to explicit criteria of success and achieving the expected results.
MOTIVATION AND SATISFACTION AT WORK
Motivation is the intrinsic interest or force that occurs in relation to some objective that the individual wants to achieve.
It is a subjective state that moves behavior in a particular direction.
Concepts and Value Chain of Service Excellence
KAIZEN, or Continuous Improvement, has been identified as Total Quality, but rather KAIZEN is the umbrella that covers most Japanese practices including Total Quality, Just in Time and Quality Circles, etc.
GENERAL CONCEPTS CONCEPTS ASSOCIATED WITH INTEGRAL MANAGEMENT
PLANNING: It consists of setting the specific course of action to be followed, establishing the principles that must guide it, the sequence of operations to carry it out and the determination of the time and numbers necessary for its implementation.
The Quality Management Model of State Services is the Set of practices that were defined as keys to the management of any public entity of excellence. Its design is based on the Chilean Excellence Management Model, which was adapted to the uniqueness of State management to ensure its proper implementation at the service of users.
Concepts and Value Chain of Service Excellence
KAIZEN, or Continuous Improvement, has been identified as Total Quality, but rather KAIZEN is the umbrella that covers most Japanese practices including Total Quality, Just in Time and Quality Circles, etc.
Concepts and Value Chain of Service Excellence
KAIZEN is not a way of working, it is a way of living.
ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT
HOW WE LEARN
Human beings have similar qualities among us, but each one enhances their abilities in a different way.
"WHAT IS READ IS FORGOTTEN, WHAT IS SEEN IS REMEMBERED, WHAT IS DONE IS LEARNED"
How do we learn? by William Glasser:
• 10% of what we READ
• 20% of what we HEAR
• 30% of what we SEE
• 50% of what we SEE and HEAR
• 70% of what we DISCUSS with OTHERS
• 80% of what we EXPERIENCE PERSONALLY
• 95 % of what we can TEACH SOMEONE ELSE
Gender is the set of ideas, beliefs and attributions assigned to men and women according to a certain historical and cultural moment.
Therefore, it can change over time.
➔SEXO: It is biological, it is given by a different body anatomy between men and women
➔GENDER is NOT equivalent to woman, gender is a relational concept. It is not the woman or the man; but the relationships that are built between women and men.
➔GENDER: It is what is learned, it is given by behaviors, human relationships, ways of dressing, of leading us through life.
Why was a difference transformed into inequality?
Gender refers to:
• Power relations: unequal between women and men.
• A series of learnings in which the family, the school, the media, the churches, etc. participate.
• This is a process that lasts a lifetime
• SEX / GENDER SYSTEM THROUGH THE ENTIRE ORGANIZATION OF SOCIETY: INCLUDING THE STATE
Why was a difference transformed into inequality?
• Gender denotes the way in which relations between the sexes are produced and institutionalized.
• "Gender" is used to refer to the social consequences of biological differences between women and men.
Why was a difference transformed into inequality?
• Gender inequalities, socially constructed, are expressed in the allocation of identities and activities, as well as in the separation of spheres of action to which a different designation of symbolic value corresponds, where the masculine gains preeminence over the feminine (Szasz, 1999).
Why was a difference transformed into inequality?
• From this superior valuation of masculinity, an unequal access to power and resources that hierarchize relations between men and women in society is derived.
Therefore, the relationships that are built between men and women are unequal.
They constitute true strict norms that establish how women and men should be, feel and behave.
They are considered as natural differences, which suggests that the tasks are exclusive to women or men.
Its transgression or non-compliance, can threaten the gender identity of people.
Characteristics that do not derive naturally »from either sex. THUS
Are modifiable
• It is given by the differentiated activities, tasks and responsibilities for men and women.
• Those that take place in differentiated spaces.
• PUBLIC
• PRIVATE
• Valued
• Power
• Reason
• Not valued
• Affection
• Has no power
-Structures: Rules that act as patterns that define the scope and possibilities of the experience
-Practices: Behaviors that give meaning to the structure and reproduce it
-Agents: People who bring their own variants to the practices and institutional context.
• Reproductive: related to domestic work.
• Productive: salaried work
• Community: local participation work for the improvement of the social environment.
• A fourth is added: Health: care for the sick, children (who are not the children) and the elderly.
• Equity refers to minimizing unjust and avoidable differences for the population.
• Gender equality is a human development objective. It involves the search for fair results for women and men in development projects.
Many times it requires adopting measures that compensate for the historical, social and cultural disadvantages that prevent women from accessing equal opportunities (UN, 2005).
• There is social equity, if everyone has an equal opportunity to achieve their maximum economic, educational, health, etc. potential. Social, without disadvantages due to considerations of race, gender, ethnicity or socioeconomic condition to achieve it.
• The commitment to social equity would be a constituent part of public policies and is endorsed in international commitments and conventions, for example the Commitment in the platform of action of the IV United Nations Conference on Women in Beijing 1995:
“The advancement of women and the achievement of equality between men and women are a matter of human rights and a condition of social justice and cannot be seen in isolation as a woman's problem. (…) The empowerment of women and gender equality are prerequisites for achieving political, social, economic, cultural and environmental security among peoples.
• Equity has different expressions depending on the exclusion criteria (or inequities) that limit them. The combination of exclusion criteria in specific cases of women shows a real picture of the social multi-exclusion that they suffer when they are also poor, belonging to an original ethnic group, inhabitants of rural areas and not incorporated into the paid work system.
GENDER INEQUITIES INFLUENCE IN:
• Responsibilities, needs and expectations.
• Different roles, status, and social value for women and men.
• Sexuality, sexual behavior and decision making.
• Distribution access and control of resources.
Citizenship.
• Power and decision making.
• Division of labor: Domestic / salaried. Education: Professional segmentation and wages by sex.
Example: In civil engineering, whose enrollment is made up of 80% men and 20% women, the average income is $ 1,441,355.
Early Childhood Education, made up of 4% men and 96% women, the average income is $ 312,296.
Quality of life:
Men have a significantly higher degree of satisfaction than women in terms of: amount of money, physical condition, mental or emotional well-being, amount of fun, sex life and general health. Men also have a greater degree of satisfaction than women with the following aspects: Privacy, Relationship with Couples, Family Life and Life in General.
(MINSAL Quality of Life Survey 2006)
Example: gender inequalities in Chile
Work and Income: According to Casen 2006, the differences in income between men and women grows as the educational level increases. Women with Basic Education earn 67.8% of men's income, while women with Higher Education only earn 61.4% of men's income.
HEALTH AND ISAPRES: The plans for women are up to 3 times more expensive than for men, reaching a difference of 5 times if the woman has 1 load, less than 1 year.
Gaps in market insertion: Women microentrepreneurs carry out their activity in a small number of areas, generally linked to the extension of domestic work, with little knowledge of the capacity of the established demand, with products of low added value and directed to specific segments with low purchasing power, basically in neighborhood or neighborhood markets, and more occasionally local. Under these conditions, it is consistent to find low results, beyond the will and effort of the microentrepreneurs.
Heads of Household: In the lowest income decile, the highest proportion of families with female heads is found (14.7%), a figure that gradually decreases in the highest income deciles (up to 4.9% in decile X) - Casen 2006
Provider responsibilities add to the domestic and emotional aspects of the home.
Limited access to paid work, training and information on rights is limited, a situation that leads them to accept low-quality jobs with less protection, in exchange for flexibility to make this situation compatible with domestic work.
Adopting gender equality implies considering the work that men and women do, as well as the power they have to make decisions in different areas of their lives
(work, political, partner, family, etc.)
NEED SCALE
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often described as a pyramid consisting of five levels; the first four levels can be grouped as "deficit needs"; At the highest level he called it "self-actualization," "growth motivation," or "need to be."
They differ in that while deficit needs can be met, the need to be is a continual driving force.
• Women and men have different gender needs, since they fulfill different roles.
• Men and women have a different valuation in society.
They are the needs that women identify by virtue of their socially accepted roles in society.
Eg access to drinking water
• Strategic needs
They are the needs that women identify by virtue of their subordinate position to men (Moser 1995)
Eg Lack of public office, legal rights, domestic violence, equal wages, body control. Equality and change of roles
Status and Gender Equity
Process
- Pressure and influence of social movements.
Institutionalization.
- Growth of the presence of women in the leadership of political institutions
- Change in political agendas to include issues of gender equality and women's rights
- New bodies for equality, new institutions with the responsibility of working on behalf of the women's interests
- Favorable International Climate
Status and Gender Equity
Process
- Institutions are involved in the design of gender relations. Not only are institutions in the private sphere (such as family and sexuality) constitutive of gender, but also those in the public sphere of the world of work and politics.
- Historical changes in social policies: Eg Women conceived as domestic workers, women as reproducers, women as moral guarantors of the family, women in the household-economy and provision of services (due to withdrawal from the State)
- These changes are not exempt from conflict: it delegitimizes traditional forms of social organization that discriminate against women. The order of the
Inter-American Convention to Prevent, Punish, and Eradicate Violence against Women is questioned. Belen do Pará.
-Fourth World Conference on Women (Beijing).
-Optional Protocol of CEDAW. -Declaration of the Millennium.
-Tenth Regional Conference of Women in Latin America and the Caribbean
-Consensus of Quito.
Although the roots of discrimination go far beyond the action of the State, it has not played nor does it play a neutral role in the construction of genders.
The State reproduces the prevailing gender relations and culture in each society.
• One of the objectives of a democratic State is to counteract the mechanisms that generate inequality present in society.
• The State has an important role in the construction and transformation of gender relations and in addressing the main problems faced by women.
Benefits of incorporating the Gender approach in Public Policies
-Improves understanding of social, economic and cultural processes.
-Increases the effectiveness and efficiency of Public Policies.
-It makes Public Policies more equitable.
-Increase the transparency of public action.
Benefits of incorporating the Gender approach in Public Policies
-Redistributes resources and opportunities better.
-Improves the Targeting of Public Policies.
-Promotes citizen participation.
-Help the strengthening of democracy.
-Contributes to the modernization of the state and Public Management
One of the habitual beliefs is to maintain that treating everyone equally ensures that they do not discriminate, without considering that men and women have different needs and different entry conditions and that, therefore, not considering these differences implies reproducing and maintaining discrimination. existing.
This is what has been called 'gender neutrality or blindness'.
INCORPORATE A GENDER APPROACH IN PUBLIC POLICIES...
It refers to taking into account and paying attention to the differences between women and men in any given activity or area in a policy.
It involves the recognition of the existence of a set of power relations that define the division of labor and the norms, values and ideologies about masculinity and femininity.
Incorporating a gender approach necessarily means analyzing the bases of inequalities that occur between men and women.
"The set of objectives, decisions, and actions that a government carries out to solve the problems that citizens and the government itself considers" a priority "at a given moment.
(Tamayo, M. 1997, The New Public Adm.)
Gender in public policies
THE GENDER…
- It is based on the fact that certain ways of thinking, feeling or behaving between women and men that are different from each other not only explain biological differences, but rather rely on social constructions that are dynamic and vary according to culture, time and place.
- Gender roles refer to learned behaviors; Certain activities, tasks and responsibilities are considered masculine or feminine, and may be flexible or rigid, similar or different and complementary or conflicting.
- Gender analysis is a work process that allows a public policy to consider the differentiated needs between men and women.
- For its part, gender equality is understood as the process of being fair between men and women in order to compensate for the historical and social disadvantages that have prevented them from enjoying equal opportunities.
- It means questioning those areas of society in which women have been discriminated against, in order to eliminate those barriers that do not allow them equal access to rights and opportunities.
Give the same conditions, treatment and opportunities to women and men. Give the same conditions, treatment and opportunities to men and women, but adjusted to the special characteristics or situations - sex, gender, class, ethnicity, age, religion - of the different groups, in such a way that access can be guaranteed
In 1997 the Economic and Social Council of the General Assembly (ECOSOC) stated the following:
“Gender mainstreaming is the process of assessing the implications of any planned action for both men and women, which includes legislation and policies or programs in all areas and levels.
It is a strategy to integrate the topics of interest and experiences of women and men as an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programs in the political, economic and social spheres, with the aim that men and women they also benefit from these and that inequality is not perpetuated.
THE GENDER…
-The incorporation of the gender approach in public policies:
• Increases its effectiveness and efficiency.
• Makes Public Policies more equitable.
• It promotes inquiries, changes, new ways of doing politics and new forms of management.
• It improves the focus of public policies.
• Evaluate the differentiated needs and the impact produced by the
State's action on men and women.
National Commitments:
GENDER AGENDA
SECTORAL COMMITMENTS
COMMISSION PIO- PRIO REGIONAL
PMG DE GENDER
State Commitments:
-International
(Agreements, Treaties) and
National Equal
Opportunities and Social Equity
The Convention
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) was adopted by the United Nations in 1979.
- The elimination of all forms of discrimination against women is a political effort that involves all sectors of the society. The signing of this protocol is the concrete expression of the international commitment to human rights in general and, in particular, those of women.
- In the Convention, Article 1 stands out, where it states the following:
“For the purposes of this Convention, the expression
« discrimination against women »shall denote any distinction, exclusion or restriction based on sex that has as its object or
The Convention
-In the Convention, Article 1 stands out, where it states the following:
“For the purposes of this Convention, the expression« discrimination against women »shall denote any distinction, exclusion or restriction based on sex that has as its object or result to impair or nullify the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, regardless of their civil status, on the basis of the equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural and civil spheres or in any
other sphere. ”
Political and Management Instruments to incorporate Gender in the State
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT TOOLS
Of a binding nature, which have an impact on the action and orientation of the work of public services
The family forms a space for action in which the most basic dimensions of human security are defined: the processes of material reproduction and social integration of people.
UNDP, 1998 Human development in Chile, Paradoxes of modernity.
• Importance of the family for gender equality policies
Need for a Transversal Approach
• Forms of constitution, development and dissolution: age at marriage, fertility, size of the home, widowhood, divorce and separation.
• Inequalities between families: class, income, education, heritage.
• Inequalities within families: distribution of work and leisure time, in decision-making, intra-family violence and power asymmetries.
• Diversity of family models and lifestyles.
• Demographic transformations.
• Changes in the social roles of women.
• Increase in female heads of household.
• Heterogeneity of family structures by types and stages of the family life cycle.
• Visibility of intra-family violence.
• Persistence of the traditional distribution of domestic work.
DIVERSITY OF MODELS AND LIFESTYLES
• Great heterogeneity in family models.
• End of the single contributor model to the home.
• Increase in female ¨optionality¨.
• Changes in male roles. Less power and responsibility.
• Greater influence of media and peer culture on young people. Increased teen pregnancy.
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSFORMATIONS
• Reduction in the size of families due to:
- Lower number of children.
- Greater spacing.
- Decline of multi-generational households.
• Predominance of the nuclear family
• Increase in homes and families with older adults.
• Increase in free marriages and age at marriage.
CHANGES IN THE SOCIAL ROLES OF WOMEN
• Increasing autonomy of women.
• Female head of household.
• Contribution of income of women and children to the home.
• Non-acceptance of intra-family violence.
• Tension between domestic work and paid work.
• Difficulties of definition and measurement. Increase in female-headed households.
• Relative relationship with poverty.
• Diversity of causes: migrations, widowhood, abandonment, separations and divorces.
• Diversity of situations related to the age of female bosses.
Father or mother or both, with or without children.
Father or mother or both, with or without children and other relatives. Identify secondary nuclei.
Composite families
Father or mother or both, with or without children, with or without other relatives and other non-relatives.
Complex families?
With more than one union, with children and stepchildren.
TYPE OF STAGE OF THE FAMILY LIFE CYCLE
• Young couple without children: The woman is under 40 years old.
• Family start cycle: They only have children under 6 years old.
• Cycle of expansion or growth: Younger children are 12 years old and younger.
• Consolidation and departure cycle: Minor children are 13 years old or older.
• Older couple without children (empty nest): The woman is over 40 years old.
Home time distribution
- Domestic work time.
- Social work time.
- Leisure time.
• Main family decision making
- Purchase of non-durable durable goods.
- Education of children.
- Place of residence and others.
HEALTH PROMOTION
• Health promotion is defined as “the process that provides populations with the necessary means to exercise greater control over their own health and thus be able to improve it”
Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. International Conference sponsored by WHO and the Canadian Public Health Association.
Toronto, Canada: WHO, Canadian Public Health Association; 1986.
History of Community Health worldwide and in Chile.
HISTORY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH WORLDWIDE AND IN CHILE.
• Alma Alta Conference
• Ottawa Charter "Health for all year 2000"
• Changes and profiles in recent years.
• PHC is, for individuals, families and the community, the first level of contact with the national health system, which places health care as close as possible to the places where they live and work.
DEFINITIONS:
- It is a social system with a sufficient number of social structures to satisfy the needs of its members through role relationships.
- Set of people who live in a common place and share common characteristics, its members are in permanent interaction.
- It is a locality, a group of people related to each other and that have physical, human, knowledge, will, institutions, traditions and other resources that make the community keep growing.
• Nursing care in the community aims to contribute to improving living conditions by promoting health development with a view to protecting, promoting, preventing and limiting health problems in it.
• It is not limited to a specific age group or diagnosis:
Individual team goal
Group
Health Users:
Community: Comprehensive care through a system of participatory care
• Since 1940 in Europe and the United States.
• Since the 1960s in Latin America.
- World Health Organization (WHO) has more than 60 years of service to humanity and 60 years of affiliation with ICN.
- More than 30 years since WHO and its States
Members enshrined the goal of universal access to health services in the Alma Ata Declaration, which highlighted the “enormous inequality in people's health status, especially between developed and developing countries and within of the countries themselves "
- To address this problem, WHO focused on PHC, which it considered the key to achieving the goals of its 1977 Health for All Strategy in 2000.
- Fifteen years later, governments confirmed this goal in Riga.
- ICN celebrates the leadership of nursing and calls for its greater involvement in PHC, a fundamental strategy to achieve universal access and better health for the world's population.
- When we decided on PHC in 1978, we considered that it was the optimal way to improve health and address the enormous problems that health care systems had to face.
- In recent decades, progress has been made in global health, these advances have not benefited everyone.
- There are increasing inequalities in the burden of disease and in access to care, between and within countries, whether in industrialized or developing countries.
• Better control of many diseases, such as measles and polio
• Others, such as smallpox, have been eradicated.
• Vaccination rates have increased in many countries: in developing countries, they reach up to 80%.
• Child mortality has decreased significantly throughout the world and life expectancy has increased considerably.
• Between 1960 and 1995, life expectancy in low-income countries increased 22 years and in developed countries, 8 years.
• PHC together with economic and technological advances and disease-oriented financing contributed greatly to these health-related improvements.
• The AIDS pandemic then tragically reversed this increase in life expectancy in sub-Saharan Africa.
• 1978 International Conference on Primary Health Care, held in 1978 in
Alma Ata (Kazakhstan), in the former USSR
• It involved a potential worldwide advance in health rights.
• At the Conference, sponsored by WHO and UNICEF, ministers of health from more than 100 countries participated.
• Virtually all represented nations committed to the goal: "Health for All by the Year 2000".
• The WHO's broad definition of Health was ratified as:
-A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. (Declaration of Alma Ata.)
• To achieve the ambitious goal of Health for All, the nations of the world - together with the WHO, UNICEF and the main financial agencies committed to work to cover the basic needs of the population with a comprehensive and progressive approach called
Care Primary Health (APS).
Social and political implications of the APS and the Alma Ata Declaration
- Many of the principles of Primary Health Care were taken from China and from different experiences of small and little-known non-governmental Community Based Health Programs from the Philippines, Latin America and other countries.
- The concept of PHC had strong socio-political implications: it explicitly pointed out the need for a comprehensive health strategy that not only provided health services, but also addressed the fundamental, social, economic, and political causes of poor health.
• Proposing strategies aimed at:
Promoting a fairer distribution of resources
• »… a clear policy is needed by which the most influential countries commit themselves to a fairer distribution of resources to allow developing countries and, from in a very special way, to the least developed, to implement Primary Health Care. »
• Maintains that in order to effectively plan and implement PHC, community participation must be essential.
• This affirms that "self-esteem and social awareness are key factors in human development."
• Stresses the importance of "community participation in deciding strategies and in planning, implementing and monitoring development programs."
Alma Ata Statement
I. The Conference decisively reaffirms that health, which is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not only the absence of disease, is a fundamental human right and that the attainment of the highest possible level of health is a worldwide priority social objective, whose achievement requires the action of many other social and economic sectors, in addition to the health sector.
II. The existing inequality in people's health status, particularly between developed and developing countries, as well as within different countries, is politically, socially and economically unacceptable and, therefore, commonly implies all the countries.
III. Economic and social development, based on a New International Economic Order, is of basic importance in order to fully achieve health for all, and to reduce the difference in the state of health between developed and developing countries. developmental.
The promotion and protection of the health of the population are essential to maintain economic and social development, and contribute to a better quality of life and peace in the world.
IV. People have the right and the duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their Declaration of Alma Ata
V. Governments have the responsibility for the health of their populations…. A main social objective… for the next decades, should be the promotion, for all the inhabitants of the world, in the year 2000, of a level of health that would allow them to carry out a productive life socially and economically. Primary health care is the key to achieving this goal as part of the spirit of social justice for development.
SAW. Primary health care is essential health care, based on practice, scientific evidence, and socially acceptable methodology and technology, universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation, and at cost that the community and the country can support it, in order to maintain a spirit of self-reliance and self-determination at each level of its development.
It forms an integral part of both the country's health system (of which it is the central axis and main focus) and the total social and economic development of the community.
It is the first level of contact of individuals, families and communities with the national health system, bringing health care as close as possible to the place where people live and work, constituting the first element of the ongoing health care process.
• It consists of providing peoples with the necessary means to improve their health and exercise greater control over it.
• To achieve an adequate state of physical, mental and social well-being, an individual or group must be able to identify and fulfill their aspirations, satisfy their needs and change or adapt to the environment.
• Health is therefore perceived, not as the objective, but as the source of wealth for everyday life. It is therefore a positive concept that emphasizes social and personal resources as well as physical skills.
• Therefore, since the concept of health as well-being transcends the idea of healthy lifestyles, health promotion does not exclusively concern the health sector.
• The conditions and requirements for health are:
-Peace
-Education
-Housing
Any improvement in health must necessarily be based on these prerequisites
-The food
-the income
-A stable ecosystem
-the justice
-The equity.
A more comprehensive and comprehensive health care is required, but also other actions that are not sanitary. We are talking about a State policy that involves different ministries and government agencies and that aims to improve the quality of life of Chileans
The National Health Strategy for the decade 2011-2020, puts the health and quality of life of the population as the guiding axis of public policies.
Strategic Objectives:
- Communicable Diseases.
- Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and Accidents.
- Develop healthy habits and lifestyles to reduce Risk Factors.
- Life cycle.
- Equity and Social Determinants of Health.
- Environment and Food Safety.
- Strengthening of the Health Sector.
- Access, Opportunity, Quality and User Satisfaction.
- Emergencies and Disasters.
COMMUNITY HEALTH PROMOTION PLANS
• Contains objectives, strategies, goals, budget, different sources of financing and beneficiaries.
• Its execution is formulated and monitored based on programming, monitoring and evaluation guidelines and guides defined by the Ministry of Health.
• Instrument for collective creation of a technical-social nature
• Prepared in conjunction with the local government and the community
DIRECTOR PROGRAM OF HEALTH PROMOTION IN SCHOOL INSTITUTIONS. HEALTH PROMOTING SCHOOLS.
A Health Promoting School is an educational center where the educational community develops knowledge, abilities, skills, attitudes, and responsibilities regarding health care; personal, family and community, favoring the protective factors of health and mitigating the risk factors, in order that each child builds a healthy and happy life project Ministries of Healthy Living and the Short Council on
Promotion and nutritional consultation:
In the APS, the Ministries of Healthy Living and the Short Council on Promotion and the nutritional consultation on healthy eating by Nutritionists must adequately finance, as established in the “Guidelines for Network Planning and Programming in 2009” of the Networks Undersecretariat
Assistance.
INCORPORATION OF HEALTH PROMOTION IN PHC
Physical Activity of Adults and Seniors in the APS
The financing of physical activity for the adult population in health centers should be increased, which today considers coverage of 10% of the population aged 20 to 64, according to the pilot experience carried out in 40 PHC clinics.
Regarding older adults, physical activity should be incorporated in a programmatic manner with adequate funding, according to the results of the project and nutritional study journal 2007 (CENEX). This, because physical activity is the most important protective factor to prevent and decrease obesity.
For this, it is necessary to equip the Health Centers with adequate infrastructure and trained professionals.
APS collaboration with food, physical activity, psychosocial and environmental development programs in Kindergartens and Schools
In addition, on the subject of food and physical activity, the clinics must collaborate closely with the work being carried out in the JUNJI and INTEGRA kindergartens and in the schools, especially in the 1000 schools of the EGO Chile program and with the beneficiaries. of the Chile Grows
With You program.
APS collaboration with food, physical activity, psychosocial and environmental development programs in Kindergartens and Schools
In the case of schools, the work on food and physical activity that is being carried out must be coordinated with the Health Promotion activities in the doctor's offices, especially in the evaluation and treatment of obese children derived from kindergartens. and from schools. In addition, there should be a special PHC program to evaluate and treat garden and school educators and teachers who are working on food and physical activity with children.
Strengthening of Health Promotion in the CECOF and Health Posts
For this, it is necessary to develop Health Promotion activities in the 100 CECOF and 1200 Health Posts existing in the country's healthcare network, scheduled with time for staff in healthy life counseling, brief advice, nutritional consultation, physical activity, establishment of smoke-free places, community activities, environmental health activities and others. In other words, it is necessary to take advantage of this network not only in disease prevention and repair activities, as is currently the case, but also to transform them into true Health Promotion centers.
Strengthening of Health Promotion in the CECOF and Health Posts
Contribution or articulation of the APS to the other quality of life improvement programs implemented by the municipalities at the
territorial level
In this sense, the contribution of the strategies of Promotion and social participation to the vulnerable communes and neighborhoods where the PHC is working according to local diagnosis must be considered.
Equity from the Beginning Early Childhood Development
Area 1: Comprehensive strategy that addresses the first years of life that include socio-emotional and linguistic-cognitive development.
Governments ensure that all children, mothers and caregivers benefit from a comprehensive set of quality programs and services for early childhood development, regardless of their ability to pay.
Chile Grows With You:
Universal social protection policies that promote adequate income that allow for a healthy life.
Strengthen the social protection systems of the countries with the aim of reaching a level sufficient to guarantee a healthy life.
Use focused strategies only to reach those excluded from social protection networks.
Ensure that social protection systems include those who are often excluded: people in precarious employment situations, particularly those who work in the informal sector, services and the home.
Area 1: Health systems based with a focus on equity, disease prevention and health promotion.
Create quality health systems with universal coverage, based on primary health care.
Area 2: Ensure equitable financing of health systems.
Ensure the leadership of the public sector in financing the health sector through general taxes or universal compulsory solidarity insurance systems that allow all the inhabitants of a country to have access to good quality services according to their needs, regardless of their ability to pay and minimizing your out-of-pocket costs.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION BY PREVISIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM 1990-2006 (%)
The great tool:
REFORM FOR A HEALTHIER CHILE
Health equity as a goal in all policies, systems and programs
Area 1: Establish a framework based on social determinants for all normative and programmatic functions of the Ministry of Health and strengthen its stewardship function so that the government as a whole can apply an institutional approach to monitoring the social determinants of health. and health inequalities. Including measuring the impact on health equity of all government policies, including finance.
Expand health sector policies and programs to include the social determinants of health approach in health promotion, disease prevention and health care, and with the leadership of the minister of health
Area 1: Institutionalize the consideration of the consequences for health and health equity of national economic policies and agreements at the time of their elaboration.
12.1 Safeguard public health in all national and international negotiations and treaties.
12.2 Strengthen the role of the public sector in the provision of public goods and essential health functions.
All packaged foods ready for delivery to the final consumer must compulsorily include the following nutritional information on their labeling:
Gender equality
Area 1: Combat gender prejudices in the social, legal and organizational structure.
Create and apply laws that promote gender equality and outlaw discrimination based on sex.
Support women in their economic role by guaranteeing pay equity by law, ensuring equal employment opportunities at all levels, and implementing family-friendly policies that ensure that women and men can take responsibility for their responsibilities parity.
Strengthen political commitment and investment in sexual and reproductive health services and programs, aiming at universal coverage and respect for reproductive rights.
Modernization of the State 2000-2006 PMGs Committees of Ministers
Transvers Plan. 2006-2010:
- Sector Integration
- Staff development
(training)
- GLP Instructions
- SEGPRES Commitments
Political Emancipation - Integration and Possibility of Expressing Yourself
Area 1: Effective power to all groups in society through a fair representation system in decision-making processes related to the functioning of society, in particular, regarding the effects that these may have on health equity, and create and maintain a framework for social participation in policy formulation.
14.1 Recognize, legitimize and support marginalized groups, particularly indigenous groups through their policies, legislation and programs that empower them to represent their needs and rights.
14.3 Ensure fair representation of all groups and communities in decision-making processes that affect their health.
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