Summary
The present work deals with the design of a model to evaluate the impact of the training in Industrial Property, given by specialists of the Provincial Section of this discipline in Matanzas, to the officials who attend this activity and managers of the entities of the territory.
The use of the model facilitates improving training, raising its quality and measuring its impact, with the aim of raising the culture of Industrial Property, promoting its incorporation into the work of the Matanzas company, as part of a system that promotes performance improvement. organizational and the use of this discipline as a mechanism of business counterintelligence. This model incorporates legal instruments that govern the country, which appear in the Manual of Procedures for the activity, approved by the Cuban Office of Industrial Property.
Introduction
This moment of human life is characterized by a wide development of information and knowledge technologies, and a revaluation of man as the most important resource, which is why the world economy has been defined with the term "economy of knowledge ”, corroborating the position that intellectual production occupies in international trade.
Our country, as part of an increasingly globalized world economy, has promoted national business management through a process of improvement in all aspects. To fulfill one of the objectives of this business improvement, the National Industrial Property System was implemented. This system is designed to establish behaviors, actions, mechanisms and procedures in the activity, constituting a great step forward because it contributes to raising the culture of Industrial Property, to complying with the regulatory frameworks in this area, to promoting the use of this discipline in the institutional and business activities of the country and to insert its wide range of activities in the practice of organizations, companies and institutions,so that it is harmoniously interwoven in research and development, production, services and commerce.
To carry out the implementation of the National Industrial Property System, specialized and systematic training is required in order to have managers and officials who have a basic level of Industrial Property for the structuring, implementation and implementation of a Internal Industrial Property System in each of the Cuban entities.
If we analyze that Industrial Property, as part of Intellectual Property, involves a large part of the country's technological, service, promotional, advertising and commercial activity, we can assess the magnitude and responsibility of this training task.. The Cuban Industrial Property Office, the governing body of the National System, is in charge of this objective, together with other institutions and organizations of the Central State Administration. Through the Provincial Sections and Jobs that exist in all the provinces of the country, it conducts training for the officials in charge of industrial property activities (representatives) and the managers of the country's entities.
The need to know the impact of the training provided by the Matanzas Provincial Industrial Property Section and to improve it motivated the development of a model to evaluate its impact. This model can be used in any entity in the country since the proposed methodology complies with the national legal system on the matter, having no evidence so far, of the existence of another model with the specific characteristics of training in the discipline of Property. Industrial.
goals
General objective:
Study and design a model to evaluate the impact of training on Industrial Property in an entity under study.
Specific objectives:
1. Characterize the fundamental theoretical aspects of evaluating the impact of training and the existing models in the business world.
2. Characterize the current situation of the entity under study to discover the gaps that hinder the proper development of the Industrial Property activity.
3. Assess the basic variables and indicators that underpin the process of measuring the impact of training in Industrial Property.
4. Design and implement the impact evaluation model of training in Industrial Property with its methodological principles.
Materials and methods
The methodological procedure to carry out this study is as follows:
- Bibliographic review on the subject under study, using traditional methods of locating printed information, in libraries and information centers, and the newest methods of searching for information in electronic format, in databases and on the Internet, to support evaluations on solid theoretical bases. Information to the highest management of the entity on the importance of designing and implementing a model to evaluate the impact of training in Industrial Property. Technical session with the rest of the staff on the objectives of the study and its importance for the organization. Application of techniques and instruments to obtain results. Analysis of applied techniques and instruments and their respective statistical processes.Design of the model to evaluate the impact of training in Industrial Property. Implementation of the model designed to evaluate the impact of training in Industrial Property in the entity under study. Analysis of the results obtained in the design process and Implementation. Preparation of Conclusions and Recommendations.
Various theoretical and empirical research methods were used. Among the techniques used are the following:
- Documentary consultation Scientific observation Self-prepared questionnaires subject to expert criteria Interviews: Application of the Guide for diagnoses and controls for the activity of Industrial Property, established by the Cuban Office - OCPI.
Results
The main result of this research is the model designed to evaluate the impact of training in Industrial Property.
The methodological principles on which this model is based and which are duly based, theorized and operationalized are the following:
1. Focus on man, since he takes it as the main factor in his interrelation with the organizational environment.
2. Assess the impact of training as a process.
3. Break down the process into systems and subsystems.
4. Guarantee the continuous improvement of the application of Industrial Property.
5. Quality is the hallmark of the model.
6. Win-win (organization - individual - representative).
This model should be applied over a period of approximately two years so that it allows comparing the changes in individual and organizational performance, linked to the activity of Industrial Property and generated by the training action. It consists of six stages that cover the fundamental actions of an impact evaluation process of training in Industrial Property.
Stage No. 1: Initial diagnosis of managers, representatives and the organization.
This first stage begins the impact evaluation process, so it is carried out before receiving the training and the following indicators are assessed:
- Assessment of the entry level of managers and representatives in the field of Industrial Property. Assessment of the development of the activity in the organization before the training.
Stage No. 2: Evaluation of the Industrial Property training.
This evaluation is carried out at different times in this stage: the first is immediately after the training action of the managers (including the representative or official) has been carried out, at the end of the initial diagnosis; Subsequently, the evaluation is carried out at the end of each of the training actions that are given to the representative, together with the rest of the representatives of the entities of the territory, which is carried out quarterly. Its objective is to value its development and quality.
- Assessment of the training plan Assessment of the development of the training actions Assessment of the work of the specialists who carried out the training action.
Stage No. 3: Evaluation of the impact of Industrial Property training on the performance of managers and representatives.
This stage should be carried out approximately, between one and two years after the training action has been carried out in order to appreciate its impact on the performance of those trained. In the specific case of the representatives, who are being trained every quarter of the year, it is carried out together with the evaluation of the managers.
- Assessment of the exit level of managers and representatives, and comparison with the entry level. Comparison of the performance of managers and representatives before and after receiving the training. Assessment of the application of what has been learned by managers and representatives in their performance.Assessment of the organization's requirement for managers and representatives to apply what they have learned.
Stage No. 4: Evaluation of the impact of the Industrial Property training on the results of the organization.
This stage is carried out approximately, between one and two years after the managers' training action has been carried out, and adequate sources of information must be available, such as the person trained, the immediate superior manager and the specialists they train.
- Evaluation of the development of the activity in the organization after the training. Comparison of the development achieved in the Industrial Property activity with the initial state of the organization.
Stage No. 5: Formulation of strategies to improve training in Industrial Property.
Stage No. 6: Implementation of a monitoring and feedback system for training in Industrial Property to facilitate impact evaluation.
The implementation of the model designed in the entity under study proved its effectiveness in detecting the impacts of training in the field of Industrial Property, to managers and officials who attend this activity in organizations. In this case, the defined impacts were as follows:
- Specialized information began to be used for certain activities carried out by the entity, such as conducting state-of-the-art and specialized searches, for territorial projects of technological innovation, and trademark interference searches to avoid infringements of trademark rights. Third parties. Creations generated by its workers have been protected by copyright. Confidentiality Agreements were established with all workers to prevent the disclosure of sensitive information from the entity. An official (representative) was also appointed to handle the property activity. industrialist in the entity, a member of the Board of Directors and the permanent training of this representative in the matter is carried out, requiring him to apply what he has learned in the organization.The Procedures Manual of the activity in the entity was implemented. The Internal Industrial Property System was implemented to guarantee a correct strategy in this discipline. The Official Bulletin of the OCPI was used, which allowed knowing new tools to carry out surveillance at the national level. The project fund is used appropriately in the search for highly reliable technological information in the databases of invention patents around the world. An increase in the culture of Industrial Property of the members of the group is observed. manager and representative of the organization, based on the training actions carried out,that facilitates adequate decision-making in favor of preserving the organization's intellectual capital and its proper exploitation in the future.
Conclusions
1. As part of the research, the fundamental theoretical aspects of the subject studied were characterized, finding no evidence of models that evaluate the impact of training in the peculiar conditions in which the Provincial Section of Matanzas does to the entities of the territory.
2. The variables and indicators designed in the model guarantee adequate harmonization of the measurement of the impact of training in Industrial Property for the organization, adjusting to its characteristics and conditions.
3. The study allowed us to develop a model to measure the impact of training in Industrial Property and the Methodological Principles that support it.
Bibliographic references
1. Cuesta, A., “Human Resources Management Technology”, Editorial Academia. Havana, 1999.
2. Idris, K., “Industrial property at the service of economic growth”, WIPO, Switzerland, 2003.
3. Kirkpatrick, D, “Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels”, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, San Francisco, CA, 1998.
4. OCPI, Manual of Procedures for the activity of Industrial Property, Cuba, 2002.
5. OCPI. "Methodological guidelines for the design of Internal Industrial Property Systems", Cuba, 1999.
6. Phillips, J., "Handbook of Evaluation and Measurement Methods". Gulf Publishing Company, USA, 1983.
7. Santos Riveras, AN, “Industrial Property as a mechanism for business counterintelligence”, OCPI, Havana, 2001.
8. Santos Riveras, AN, “Intellectual Property in the System of Science and Technological Innovation”, ELDIPAT International Industrial Property Event, Havana, 2003.
Article for publication prepared from research presented as a thesis in the Master of Science in Management in 2006 at the University of Matanzas, Cuba, by its author.
