It is very normal that within society we have heard the concept of bioethics, which we immediately relate to the use of values and morality applied to all living beings and organisms, what is interesting in this essay is that I will address this principle through a surrealist approach This is based on the analysis of the conscious which can vary at the time of issuing a result.
KEYWORDS.
Importance, Bioethics, Focus, Surrealism.
INTRODUCTION.
The important thing in this essay is to relate the concept of bioethics and surrealism and at the same time highlight how surrealism seen from the thinking part of the human being, rescuing what he really thinks and feels, this is starting from the subconscious for analysis of life itself and not in the traditional way that we are accustomed and that is starting from the conscious, allowing a deeper knowledge of being and life without neglecting universal ethical and moral principles. Since normally it is customary to relate surrealism with the arts, more however in this essay I will address the surrealist approach but instead of the arts I will return to the subject of bioethics where I will address the concepts of bioethics and surrealism separately,and at the end I will analyze the importance of putting bioethics into practice but with a surrealist approach, which implies the use of the subconscious.
IMPORTANCE.
According to the Royal Spanish Academy, the concept of importance is as follows:
"Quality of what is important, of what is very convenient or interesting, or of great importance or consequence".
I define importance as the value in the scale of priorities that each one has within their personal life and that is given to a certain person, thing, situation or object.
BIOETHICS.
The scientist who coined the term, Van Rensselaer Potter, said: “A new discipline that combines biological knowledge with knowledge of the value system; I propose the term bioethics, to underline the two most important components for the achievement of a new knowledge '. (Lugo & Barni, 2014, p. 4)
Bioethics within our daily life is present day by day even if we do not realize it, from respecting natural life to respecting human life, everything encompasses a bioethical space.
Generally, the social communication media understand bioethics as a systematic study in which various disciplines focus theoretical and practical attention on the actions of man on human, plant and animal life, consider the vision of the human being that this action implies and examine the ethical implications of such actions, in order to specify what is genuinely good for current and future humanity. (Lugo & Barni, 2014, p. 5)
While it is true, as I mentioned above, bioethics has a wide field of application, but the whole concept itself revolves around the works of our species: human beings, since it depends on our works and the capacity for reasoning that we possess. bioethics has a suitable application.
On the other hand, the Royal Spanish Academy defines bioethics as the study of ethical problems caused by biological research and its applications, such as genetic engineering or cloning.
Every researcher needs to have solid foundations for bioethics and apply it correctly in his field of work to avoid conflicts that can lead to problems or cause errors that threaten life, but not everything falls on the researcher, we also need to know and defend our interests by acquiring knowledge that supports us when making decisions regarding the use of the knowledge of those researchers who do their work by providing new and updated information on the biological studies discovered.
Another more precise definition, proposed by Cardinal Sgreccia, calls us to examine with special attention the ethical component of the new discipline. Sgreccia, founder of personalist bioethics, insists that bioethics cannot be conceived as a simple comparison between the opinions and ethical positions adopted by society and culture, but it is necessary to suggest reference values and operational guidelines of choice, and commit to providing objective answers based on rationally valid criteria. (Lugo & Barni, 2014, pp. 56)
If all of us had the foundation that sustains bioethics; What are the values? It would be unnecessary to mention that we must put the concept of bioethics into practice, however, due to the lack of culture and values, society has become so selfish that it does not care about another life other than life. own; if we realize that we depend on other lives and therein lies the great benefit that bioethics gives us.
Aramini (2007)in his book "introduction to bioethics" he mentions that in the Encyclopedia of bioethics prepared by W. Reich, a reference point for Anglo-Saxon bioethics, he presents two different definitions of bioethics in its two editions. In the first edition, bioethics was defined as "the systematic study of human behavior in the field of life and health sciences, when this behavior is examined in the light of values and moral principles." (p. 57)
The text of the new definition of bioethics proposed in the second edition of the Encyclopedia reads: “Bioethics is a compound term derived from the Greek words 'bios' (life) and 'ethike' (ethics). It can be defined as the systematic study of the moral dimensions -including the moral vision, decisions, behavior and policies of life sciences and health care, using the diverse ethical methodologies in an interdisciplinary framework »'. (Aramini, 2007, p. 58) 7
According to Escobar (2006) In his book "Bioethics and education for the XXI century" he presents the definition of bioethics as the ethical capacity for moral evaluation put into interdisciplinary dialogue, with the aim of questioning what sense does it have, what importance does it have, what impact does man's action have; In other words, it is the exercise of the value capacity of conscience, putting life and wisdom into interdisciplinary action, to articulate a scale of values, which has as its axis the dignity of the human person and thus, to be able to avoid abuses that can denigrate it. Bioethics indicates the horizon for the construction of an authentic culture of life. Say in an argumentative and interdisciplinary way dilemmatic evaluative situations that arise in and from the life and health sciences,raised from the increasing technification that impacts life in all its breadth, and the plurality of paradigms of existing values. (page 50)
Personally, I agree with the idea that Escobar (2006) 9 expresses in his book, because it covers several aspects of factors that influence the practice of bioethics, since for me bioethics is defined as the prior analysis that each individual It must be carried out in an ethical and moral sphere so as not to act incorrectly and to be able to cause severe damage to life, be it human, plant or animal.
FOCUS.
For the Royal Spanish Academy, the word focus, or focus, is defined as: Direct attention or interest towards a matter or problem from previous assumptions, to try to solve it correctly.
Now, the word approach according to my personal point of view, I define it as: the way we see and relate and / or value things during its analysis.
SURREALISM.
The real Spanish academy defines surrealism as follows: Artistic and literary movement started in France in 1924 with a manifesto by André Breton, and which tries to go beyond the real by promoting the irrational and dreamlike through the automatic expression of thought or the subconscious.
Surrealism is what is found in our subconscious, so that is why it is said that it drives the irrational and dreamlike since these two concepts from the conscious it is very difficult for them to have a meaning.
Briony Fer and collaborators in their book "Realismo, rationalismo y surrealismo" (1999)They mention that Breton, considered the father of surrealism, in the "Manifesto of Surrealism" defines the word as: Pure psychic automatism, through which an attempt is made to express, verbally, in writing or in any other way the real functioning of thought. It is a dictation of thought, without the regulatory intervention of reason, oblivious to any aesthetic or moral concern.
As I have mentioned, surrealism goes beyond the conscious, surrealist thinking generates that we express in a real and precise way what we feel, without taking into account certain factors such as order or the same label of how to do things or not.
Surrealism is based on the belief, in the superior reality of certain forms of association neglected until today, in the omnipotence of the dream, in the disinterested game of thought. (Fiz, 2009)
For me, surrealism is the maximum and true expression of what we think, without the intervention of the conscious, that is why surrealism is often inexplicable.
IMPORTANCE OF BIOETHICS WITH A SURREAL APPROACH.
The importance of bioethics with a surrealist approach implies that, if we unite both concepts, it is very likely not to know what results would be obtained.
Emphasizing the previous sections, bioethics is the previous analysis that we must carry out in an ethical and moral way so as not to threaten life, but if we focus on this concept to surrealism, our sequels could be favorable; this is because surrealism is based on the true feeling and thought of a person, here is that if the person made an ethical decision based on their subconscious, morals and ethics would be put aside and the results could be even better, even if the decision-making was done with the conscious.
With this we say that the importance of bioethics with a surrealist approach can be very significant when making decisions, since it will allow us to reason and understand life better.
CONCLUSION.
It should be emphasized that the use of bioethics with a surrealist approach is very important, since this based on the subconscious does things as they should be, instead the conscious to do something, has to go through a series of filters They are called feelings and emotions, which lead to a good decision at a certain point. To which we say that the subconscious does not fail, compared to the conscious that constantly has failures, some more notable than others, but they are still there.
When bioethics is analyzed; The decisions that are made must be considered based on values, morals and ethics, this analysis is done with the conscious, but if we did it from the subconscious it would be more reliable and from another new perspective.
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(sf). Obtained from
Lugo, E., & Barni, MC (2014). What is bioethics ?: Life and human dignity. (1st ed.) Autonomous city of Buenos Aires: Father José Kentenich Bioethics Commission. P. 4
Lugo, E., & Barni, MC Op. Cit. P. 5
(sf). Obtained from
Lugo, E., & Barni, MC Op. Cit. Page 5-6
Aramini, M. (2007). Introduction to bioethics. (1st ed.) Bogóta: Editorial San Pablo. Page 57 7 Aramini, M. Op. Cit. Page 58
Escobar, AL (2006). Bioethics and education for the XXI century. (1st ed.) Bogóta: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Page 50 9 Escobar, AL Op. Cit.
(sf). Obtained from
(sf). Obtained from
Briony Fer, DB (1999). Realism, Rationalism and Surrealism. Madrid, Spain: AKAL Editions.
Fiz, SM (2009). Object art to concept art. (9th ed). Madrid, Spain: AKAL Editions.
