Summary
This research arises because it was perceived that currently people prefer to live in a free union and do not contract marriage, either civil or religious, considering that the family is the basis of society, it is intended to inquire about the perception that they have of the marriage and the causes that influence the rejection of a legal and formal union.
This phenomenon has great importance since it is related to the institutions of government, religion, as well as the customs and traditions that regulate the conduct of the subject in society, and the sense of belonging that is thus involved intervenes.
The research will be carried out in the central area of the Municipality of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí, with the objective of identifying the degree of influence of the factors that are taken into account, in decision-making, collecting information through questionnaires, to later obtain the results, analyze this phenomenon and reach conclusions.
Introduction
Information from the 2010 Population and Housing Census indicates that in the state of San Luis Potosí, 47.3% of the population aged 15 years and over is married and 12.6% is in a free union; altogether, six out of ten are united.
According to information from the Institute of Statistics and Geography, the census data indicate a gradual increase in both separations (legal or not) and consensual unions: in 2010, 5.6% of the population aged 15 years and over declared to be divorced or separate, a proportion that exceeds three percentage points with respect to 1990; a similar behavior occurs in the population that joins consensually, in 2010 the proportion (15.6%) exceeds seven percentage points compared to that observed twenty years earlier.
According to this information, there has been a decrease in marriages in recent years and therefore an increase in free union relationships, it is considered important to investigate this phenomenon, identifying the factors that influence people to make the decision to get married through a legal document that supports it.
This is a viable investigation since the population under study is within reach to implement the information collection method, in turn with the results obtained, some aspects of society will be analyzed, such as the way in which they are currently integrated families, the perceptions of marriage, among others, this research can be transferred to other populations, yielding different results, but they can contribute to knowing the new needs of individuals, as well as the consumption habits that are currently in use..
goals
- To carry out an investigation to determine the factors that have an important influence on the decision-making to marry of the population of the central area of the municipality of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez Identify which factors have greater relevance in the decision to marry of the population Present the results and conclusions of the investigation.
Problem Statement
Identify the factors that currently intervene in making the decision to marry in the inhabitants of the central area of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP
Hypothesis statement
H1 People prefer to live in a free union (concubinage) due to the social and family history they already have from marriage.
Theoretical framework
Conceptual framework
Investigation process
(SPANISH ASSOCIATION OF NURSING IN CARDIOLOGY, 2000) Scientific research is a process, a term that means dynamic, changing and continuous. This process is composed of a series of stages, which are derived from each other. Therefore when carrying out a study or research, we cannot skip stages. According to Hernández Sampieri, Fernández Collado and Baptista Lucio, those who doubt this requirement can pay different prices: that the resulting research is not valid or reliable or that it does not fulfill the purposes for which it was carried out, so it ceases to be scientific.
As mentioned in (ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE ENFERMERÍA EN CARDIOLOGÍA, 2000) The stages of a process or the components of a research project are not delineated once and for all, although for analytical reasons they have to be presented sequentially. Practice teaches us that research is an almost "artisan" task, in which rigorous thinking must be combined with imagination. The normal thing is that the different components have to be continuously reformulated so that the project achieves the necessary coherence.
The formulation of the problem is the most important fact in the researcher's task because it implies a series of previous decisions of the greatest importance, which are generally made implicitly and not always in a really conscious way by the researcher. In the absence of a problem, there is no real search for knowledge, there is no creation, although valuable pedagogical or practical contributions can be made: if there is not something in some way unknown, or poorly known, there is really no real need to investigate, to gain new knowledge. In this way, "Raising or formulating the problem is nothing more than refining and structuring the idea of the investigation more formally." (SPANISH ASSOCIATION OF NURSING IN CARDIOLOGY, 2000)
Referential framework
Marriage in San Luis Potosí
According to the administrative records, in 2011 there were 13,088 marriages, that is, 4.9 marriages were celebrated for every 1,000 inhabitants.
It is observed that in 66.1% of the marriages registered in 2011, the man is older than his spouse, in 11.5% both are the same age and in 22.4% the man is younger than his partner. Some socioeconomic characteristics indicate that 20% of marriages the man has more education, in 53.5% both have the same and in 26.5% she has more education. National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI), (2013 P.5).
Definition of marriage
Marriage is a natural institution, of public order, which, by virtue of the common consent in the celebration of the nuptial act, through rites or legal rules of formality, establishes the union of a natural person with another based on principles of indissolubility, stability, Mutual loyalty and fidelity that they cannot break at will. Jorge Machicado (2012).
Marriage is the legal union between a man and a woman, freely contracted, with equal rights, duties and obligations, who live together, in order to provide mutual help, fidelity and perpetuate the species, forming a family. Family code for the state of San Luis Potosí (2011 P.9)
The requirements according to the Family Code for the state of San Luis Potosí (2011 P.10): I. To be held before the Civil Registry Officer, having satisfied the formalities required by law; II. The legal age to marry is eighteen years of age, except for dispensation and authorization legally granted by those who exercise parental authority or guardianship, to those over sixteen and under eighteen; III. Express the will to join in marriage; IV. Be free from legal impediment, and V. Medical certificate in which the health status of the suitors is established.
Concubinage
The concubinage is the de facto union of a man with a woman, free of impediments of kinship between themselves and marital bond, through domestic cohabitation, sexual union, respect and reciprocal protection, with the tacit purpose of integrating a family with or without offspring. Family code for the state of San Luis Potosí (2011 P.21-22)
Commitment
The definition of commitment by the Dictionary of the Spanish Royal Academy (2012) 1. m. Obligation incurred. 2. m. Given word. 3. m. Difficulty, pregnancy, commitment.
Contract
The definition of contract by the Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy (2012) “(From the Latin contractus). 1. m. Pact or agreement, oral or written, between parties that are bound on a specific matter or cause, and whose fulfillment may be compelled 2. m. Document that includes the conditions of this agreement. "
Security
Security is defined by the Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy (2012) “(From Latin. Securĭtas, -ātis). 1. f. Quality of insurance. 2. f. certainty (‖ sure and clear knowledge of something). 3. f. Bond or indemnity obligation in favor of someone, regularly in matters of interest. "
Love
As cited by the Dictionary of the Spanish Royal Academy (2012) “(From the Latin love, -ōris). 1. m. Intense feeling of the human being who, starting from his own insufficiency, needs and seeks the encounter and union with another being. 2. m. Feeling towards another person that naturally attracts us and that, seeking reciprocity in the desire for union, completes us, makes us happy and gives us energy to live together, communicate and create. 3. m. Feeling of affection, inclination and giving to someone or something.
Trust
According to the Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy (2012) ”(To be trusted). 1. f. Firm hope in someone or something. 2. f. Security that someone has in himself. 3. f. Presumption and vain opinion of himself 4. F. Courage, encouragement, vigor to act.
Family
Regarding this concept, the Family Code for the state of San Luis Potosí (2011 P. 1) defines it as the permanent union of people linked by marriage or common-law marriage, and by blood, affinity and civil kinship, based on the principles and human values to achieve the integral development of each of its members. (…) "derives, as far as possible, the human quality of individuals and, from this indispensable premise, the promotion and development of civic values of citizens arises." (…)
Research design
The research method implemented in this case is Field research that lives directly from a real situation, (causes that currently influence couples to opt for a free union and not marriage). Implementing the Questionnaire collection technique, which consists of obtaining data from a sample or population in a certain field, for which their opinions will be subject to the analysis of the researchers.
Kind of investigation
It is descriptive, because it consists of getting to know the predominant factors through the description of perceptions.
Information sources
Basic sources of information through primary data, that is, the respondents, being the population of the central area of Soledad De Graciano Sánchez.
Determination of the population
The population to be studied are men and women between 15 and 49 years of age, socioeconomic level C, this segment is characterized by having reached a practical standard of living and with certain comforts. It has a basic infrastructure in entertainment and technology, marital status: Indistinct Religion: anyone, Occupation: Any and location: in the center of the municipality of Soledad de Graciano Sánchez San Luis Potosí, Geographical area: Downtown.
With a universe of 146,938 items, Margin of error: 10%, Heterogeneity 50%, Confidence level: 95%, Sample: 96 respondents.
Sampling type
The sampling method used is non-probabilistic, for convenience; since not all elements of the population can be part of the sample.
Collection technique
The primary information collection technique was implemented, using a questionnaire, a way to obtain clearer and more precise information.
The survey questions contained identification questions as well as multiple choice questions, the Likert scale was used to obtain an answer that gave a wider range, the survey did not contain filter questions.
Pilot test
A pilot survey was applied, applying ten questionnaires with open questions, using it as the basis for the construction of the data collection instrument for the total sample.
Questionnaire
Objective: To identify the causes that currently influence individuals to make the decision to marry.
The main variables that were taken into account to give structure to the questionnaire were:
- Sex: Men and Women Age: 15 to 40 years Marital status: Any Occupation: Any Socio-economic level: CReligion: Any Location: Downtown Soledad de Graciano Sánchez.
Results
The following graphs contain the total results that were obtained from each question of the 96 surveys that were applied.
1. What is your current marital status?
Research on factors involved in the decision to marry
According to the graph shown, most of the respondents were single, with 60%, in common-law union it was 8%, while in marriage it was 25%.
2. With which of the following words would you define marriage?
Research on factors involved in the decision to marry
Most of those surveyed identify marriage with love with 45%, followed by commitment with 28%. The lowest response percentage was safety and others with 7%.
3. With which of the following words would you define free union?
Research on factors involved in the decision to marry
Most of those surveyed relate free union with trust with 36%, followed by Insecurity with 25%. 16% of those surveyed identify it with debauchery.
The following graph shows the general results of the questions that were measured by the 96 people surveyed.
Research on factors involved in the decision to marry
As can be seen in the graph, the factors that have the greatest relevance in the first instance are the convictions that each couple has, the second factor is the background of the family and social nucleus, later the economic situation, following the religion that later professes is fear and tradition. While most of those surveyed consider that to live as a family it is not necessary to marry, through a legal document that supports it or some religious ceremony.
Conclusions
The hypothesis that was postulated was the following "People prefer to live in a free union (concubinage) due to the social and family history they already have from marriage."
So it can be said that it is correct since it was the second factor that influences decision making with 49% of those surveyed who agree, as it was the second factor with a percentage of 3% who were strongly disagree.
Regarding the perception that respondents have of marriage, the highest percentage defines it as love and commitment, so it can be said that this aspect intervenes in the decision-making to marry.
While the perceptions that respondents have of free union, the highest percentage defines it as trust, which is had in the couple.
Bibliography
- SPANISH ASSOCIATION OF NURSING IN CARDIOLOGY. 2000. Scientific Committee. June 15, 2000. https://www.enfermeriaencardiologia.com/aeec/comite-cientifico/Dictionary Of The Royal Spanish Academy. (2012). Retrieved on March 11, 2015, from http://www.rae.es/Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI) (2013). Family code for the state of San Luis Potosí (2011) MACHICADO, Jorge, »What is Marriage?», Apuntes Juridicos ™, 2012 http://jorgemachicado.blogspot.com/2009/02/el-marimonio.html Consultation: Friday, March 13, 2015 - See more at: http: // jorgemachicado.blogspot.mx/2009/02/el-marimonio.html#_ftn5
