This is a work developed for the subject of Technology in Operations Management, of the Master in Administration and Leadership at the Universidad Autónoma del Noreste, AC de Piedras Negras, Coahuila.
This document's primary objective is to provide academic guidance in the field of operations management in manufacturing.
In accordance with the above, the work was developed, with the simulation of the existence of a company called Grupo JEBA SA de CV, dedicated to the manufacture and sale of recreational games and interactive systems, achieving great success in the field of children's entertainment and youth. In which the formation of the company, history, the reason for its creation, objectives, benefits, mission, mission, company values, quality and environmental policy, investment project for two new products and the process is described. of the elaboration of the products, using production tools.
Grupo JEBA began its operations in 1990, in the city of Piedras Negras, Coahuila, and after more than 15 years of expansion it has become one of the most important entertainment business groups in America.
Through its functions, Grupo JEBA has been able to have national coverage in El Salvador, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Honduras and Nicaragua, representing prestigious brands related to the entertainment industry.
"We are a company in constant search of business opportunities, concerned with developing and generating more value for partners and consumers"
We are a company with experience in the manufacture and sale of recreational games and interactive systems, achieving great success in the field of children's and youth entertainment.
We are fully proud of belonging to the entertainment segment for 15 years, managing to consolidate a successful company in the manufacture of various products of the highest quality.
Through time we have not resigned ourselves to offering you the best product that exists in the market in exchange for your money, but we constantly have the concern to design, develop and build different games and products with the best characteristics, fulfilling one of our main objectives: to offer you an extensive range of entertainment products to meet any need and which you will appreciate on our Internet portal: www.grupoJEBA.com.mx.
When you buy at Grupo JEBA, you not only acquire new, colorful, different, fun products that meet your needs, but you also acquire quality, resistance, operability, safety and guarantee, since all the equipment has been built and armed with new materials, complying with international specifications and standards, suitable for resistance and tension loads, and with strict quality control in their manufacture.
Based on constant effort and compliance with rules, regulations and specifications, we have been allowed a percentage of our production to be shipped to countries such as the United States of America, where the market is extremely strict and competitive given that there are the largest number of companies that make similar products.
Derived from the wide range of products that are manufactured in Grupo JEBA, to date we have different national and foreign suppliers of the raw material that we use which have been selected for their position in the market, in the reliable supply of new products and guaranteed.
HISTORY OF BLACK STONES
Piedras Negras is a border city located in the northeast of Mexico that belongs to the state of Coahuila, the third largest in Mexico. The municipality is located in the North Region of Coahuila, has a population of approximately 200,000 inhabitants and an area of 914.20 km². It limits to the north with the municipality of Jiménez, to the south with the municipality of Nava, to the west with the municipality of Zaragoza and to the east with the city of Eagle Pass, Texas.
It is one of the most important and modern cities in the state due to its proximity to the United States, it has the highest level of infrastructure. Considered one of the cleanest cities in Mexico, sharing the title with Aguascalientes and Morelia. It is called the white border for its low crime rate, being the safest border in Mexico. It is also the cradle of the world famous dish «Nacho».
A dynamic city in every way, where the traveler or businessman can enjoy a city that has it all. In November 2005, the Plaza de las Culturas was inaugurated, a spectacular work that will take you into our Mexican cultures. Coming to Piedras Negras is coming to "The Best Border in Mexico."
Economy
Piedras Negras belongs to the North economic region of Coahuila. The economic activity of the municipality is very diverse. According to data from INEGI, the secondary and tertiary sector has almost half the employed population each, while the primary sector occupies an almost zero percentage. The maquiladora industry is one of the most important, it is mainly dedicated to the manufacture of automotive parts, electronic components and textiles.
An important industrial branch is the metal-automotive, specialized in the manufacture of parts for suspension for automotive use, which has been a fundamental pillar in the economy, not only of the municipality but of the region; Two of the companies within this industry are: Hendrickson Spring de México and Rassini, presumably consolidated as two of the most important in the municipality. The first is part of Hendrickson International within its suspension division and in turn a company of The Boler Company, the second is part of Grupo San Luís.
Other important sources of employment in the region are the Río Escondido and Carbón 2 thermoelectric plants, Minera Carbonífera Río Escondido (MICARE) and the mega Coca-Cola plant (all in the municipality of Nava, conurbation with the city of Piedras Negras).
In the commerce and services sector there is a diversity of supermarkets, among the most prominent are the Súper Gutiérrez, Merco, Soriana, Bodega Aurrerá and El Mirador stores. There is also the presence of the commercial chain Oxxo, Freeze and Extra.
In the municipality there are 6 industrial parks, which have drinking water, drainage, electricity, telephone and public lighting services:
- Rió Grande Industrial Park. Piedras Negras Industrial Park. Amistad Piedras Negras I and II Industrial Park. Santo Domingo Industrial Park. Airport Business Industrial Park. North Industrial Park.
Infrastructure in Transportation
The city is endowed with the necessary infrastructure for the development of the region and to compete internationally.
International Bridges
- Puerta de México (International Bridge I). Coahuila 2000 - Camino Real (International Bridge II). International Railway Bridge
Piedras Negras International Airport
- Aerolitoral (Aeroméxico): 2 daily flights to Monterrey, NL (Saab 340B with capacity of 33 passengers)
Federal Highways
- Highway 57 (Monclova, Saltillo, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro and Mexico City)
Highway 2 (Ciudad Acuña, Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa and Matamoros).
Distance in kilometers to other cities
HISTORY OF THE MAQUILADOR SECTOR IN MEXICO
The maquiladora industry arose in Mexico in 1964, after the suspension of the bracero program, as part of the national border program, with the aim of solving a specific need: to give permanent employment to temporary workers (braceros) who crossed the border to work. in the agricultural fields of the USA.
At the end of the López Portillo government, there were 585 maquiladoras in Mexico.
In 1983, a year after starting his government, Miguel de la Madrid issued the first decree to regulate the operation of the maquiladoras in Mexico. Whose objectives practically continue to regulate the legislation on maquiladoras: create jobs; integrate technology into national industry, train the workforce; distribute income; the use of idle industrial capacity and the capture of foreign exchange.
77% of the maquiladoras are located in the border states of Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Sonora and Nuevo León, the northern region of the country has become a great pole of attraction for Mexicans seeking employment. In addition, the maquiladoras are disconnected from the rest of the national economy since they only use 2% of Mexican inputs.
The interesting thing is that more than 30 years after its establishment, its operation has not favored the industrial development of Mexico, with its own technological bases, which could ensure true progress, reverse poverty and misery indices and reduce migration to the US now, with The contraction of the market, capitals are fleeing and this year alone they have pushed more than 280,000 workers into unemployment.
The failing maquiladora industry in Mexico will recover as the US economy improves, but the long-term success of that industry will depend on developing a good competitive strategy against China, according to specialized economists.
Maquiladoras have become Mexico's main source of income since the signing of the free trade agreement with the United States in 1994.
Employment in these factories grew by 11% annually from 1995 to 2001. In one of the border states, 34% of the workers were employed by the maquiladoras.
Remittances sent to Mexico by Mexicans working in the United States is the second source of income, while the oil industry is the third.
COMPANY FORMATION: GRUPO JEBA SA DE CV
Derived from the current situation of the aforementioned maquiladora sector, we decided to carry out a project to improve this sector and have excellent competitiveness, which consisted in the creation of an integrating company called "Grupo JEBA, SA de CV", located in Piedras Negras, Coahuila, the feasibility of paying taxes for this type of integrating company is widely described below;
Integrative companies.
Experience shows on a daily basis, in the different areas of activity, that the union of efforts and resources represents a formula for improvement for all and it is precisely from this perspective that the Ministry of Economy has implemented various business cooperation schemes, taking into account the size of the companies, their economic capacity, as well as their productive and commercial strategy. Among these, the scheme of integrating companies stands out, whose regulations are provided for in the decree that promotes their organization, published in the official gazette of the federation on May 7, 1993 and subsequently modified on May 30, 1995, the result of an analysis very careful of the experience obtained by the entrepreneurs organized under this association regime.
Integrating companies are defined as specialized service companies that associate individuals and companies of a micro, small and medium scale, their fundamental objective is to organize themselves to compete in different markets and not to compete with each other. The integration of productive units allows obtaining economic advantages that companies and / or producers individually can hardly achieve.
The central idea is to induce the specialization of the productive units in some of the different stages of the manufacturing cycle of a given good; for example, research and development, design, assembly, subcontracting of industrial products and processes and specialized services, which result in a product highly differentiated by quality, price and delivery opportunity.
The backbone of these companies is precisely specialized services, which are the touchstone in the transformation of economies in the world and, in particular, those with high development.
Consequently, through the formula of the integrating company, it is intended to form a nucleus of highly qualified service provider personnel that must deal with the most critical activities of the production process, while entrepreneurs and / or producers dedicate themselves exclusively to producing, which without It certainly has important effects on the quality and productivity of companies.
The results have been positive and the statistics show us the penetration that integrating companies have had in the business environment. Some of the benefits achieved by these companies, as a reference, are:
- 60% of the associated companies are achieving optimal conditions in the purchase of their raw materials and supplies by doing them jointly through the integrating company and directly with the manufacturers. Under such conditions, better prices and timely deliveries were obtained for associates.
At least 70% of the companies are carrying out joint commercial promotions, managing to offer volumes in a consolidated way.
- In some cases, the quality of the products has been improved, implementing quality controls, improvements in packaging and presentation, as well as their commercialization under a common brand. 55% of the integrating companies declare having increased their participation in the domestic market. In these two activities in common, buying and selling, economies are also being obtained in transport, storage and distribution, which have been up to 50%. A productive factor that is flowing to at least 60% of the integrating companies is the contracting of technological services, as well as specialized technical information. This fact is relevant, since from this information small entrepreneurs have found that these assets, considered in the past out of their reach,are really accessible with direct effects on productivity. Similarly, it can be mentioned that 35% of companies have reported the acquisition of high-yield assets, the use of which is justified when it is for community use among small companies. In conclusion, It can be said that the integrating companies scheme is a promotional instrument to promote regional development, take advantage of local resources, increase employment opportunities and, above all, so that small companies do not work in isolation and become diluted in the face of growing competition and the complexity of the markets.In conclusion, it can be said that the integrating companies scheme is an instrument of promotion to promote regional development, take advantage of local resources, increase employment opportunities and, above all, so that small companies do not work in isolation and become dilute in the face of increasing competition and the complexity of markets.In conclusion, it can be said that the integrating companies scheme is an instrument of promotion to promote regional development, take advantage of local resources, increase employment opportunities and, above all, so that small companies do not work in isolation and become dilute in the face of increasing competition and the complexity of markets.
Background
The figure of the integrating company arises from the following needs:
- Promote a more balanced development Promote regional use of resources Create productive jobs Establish programs for the formation of companies that integrate micro, small and medium industries in branches and regions with export potential Strengthen economic growth with changes in the form to buy, produce and sell, to consolidate its presence in the domestic market and increase exports.
goals
- Increase the bargaining power of micro, small and medium-sized companies in the supply, marketing, financial and technological markets, among others, Consolidate their presence in the domestic market and increase their participation in the export market, Promote the specialization of companies associated in products and processes that have comparative advantages.
Benefits
- It raises the competitiveness of the associated companies It creates economies of scale for its associates, derived from a greater negotiation capacity to buy, produce and sell It facilitates access to specialized services at low cost, since these are paid in a common way between associates It avoids duplication of investments, being in a position to acquire fixed assets in the name and account of its associates and in a common way, even to renew or innovate machinery and equipment. It encourages the specialization of associates in certain processes and Products with comparative advantages. It favors the competition to broader markets by consolidating the production of its associates. Entrepreneurs are dedicated to producing, while the integrating company is in charge of carrying out specialized procedures and activities required by the associates.Maintains the individuality of entrepreneurs in the internal decisions of their companies.This form of business organization has the flexibility to adapt to any economic activity.
OUR VISION
To be the leading entrepreneurial business group in Mexico, in the manufacture of entertainment products, with a solid structure, commercial and financial capacity, in order to be more competitive and profitable, recognized for the unity, quality of its products and the faithful fulfillment of its purpose of the development of our business activity that ensures the well-being of customers, employees, suppliers, shareholders and of society as a whole.
OUR MISSION
We are committed to providing competitive services and products of the best quality with a professional and innovative human team and an infrastructure that guarantees the full satisfaction of our clients throughout Mexico.
Committing to being a company:
Highly productive and fully humane.
Innovative, competitive and strongly oriented to the satisfaction of our clients and consumers.
National and international leader in the entertainment sector.
"Our mission is the guide of our actions"
OUR VALUES
Person
«Always see the other as a person, never as an instrument.»
Passion
«We see our work as a mission, a passion, an adventure. Sharing this in an environment of participation and trust is what constitutes the soul of the company. "
Cost effectiveness
«It is the visible result of all our ideas, efforts and illusions. It is the oxygen that allows our company to continue living. "
Effectiveness
«Making things happen: results. Serving well is our reason for being. "
Teamwork
Agile, active, enthusiastic, with the shirt on. Share, learn from everyone. "
Trust
«Base on which everything is built. Count on the other for the common task. »
Quality
"Our company must be creative, efficient, productive and with the highest ideal of quality and service."
"The values are only understood together, as an integral complement"
CODE OF ETHICS
Because we operate in various parts of the world, with a diversity of customs and cultures; because we want a company with high principles and values, training of men and respectful of the society to which we owe ourselves; our code of ethics is the universal guide to our business practice.
Our commitments to our:
Collaborators.
Guarantee respect for their dignity and individuality and provide an environment for their well-being and development.
Partners
Provide a reasonable return on a sustained basis.
Providers.
Maintain cordial relationships and promote their development.
Customers.
Provide exemplary service; and support them in their growth and development. Value of our products.
Competitors.
Compete vigorously and objectively in the marketplace, based on fair business practices.
Consumers.
Guarantee quality, excellent entertainment articles and a variety of our products, through continuous improvement.
Society.
Promote the strengthening of universal ethical values. Support the economic and social growth of the communities where we are located.
"The code of ethics is the set of rules that must be observed by those who belong to our company"
QUALITY POLITICS
"To provide our customers and consumers with quality products and services, adding value to our processes in order to achieve their satisfaction"
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
"Meet or exceed the expectations of society, customers, suppliers and our associates with eco-efficient processes for the production and marketing of entertainment products in an environment of commitment to continuous improvement, prevention of pollution and compliance with government requirements and international ”
PROCESS
The estimated sale according to projections of sale and demand in the market is traced in a positive trend, launching the annual production requirement for 2006 as shown in the following table:
Client Requirement 2006
January 12,204.00 5.65%
February 13,824.00 6.40%
March 18,000.00 8.33%
April 18,000.00 8.33%
May 16,329.60 7.56%
June 16,545.60 7.66%
July 18,000.00 8.33%
August 18,000.00 8.33%
September 27,014.04 12.51%
October 24,840.00 11.50%
November 19,440.00 9.00%
December 13,802.40 6.39%
Annual Requirement 216,000
216,000
JEBA carries out production planning and control on a quarterly basis to evaluate the installed capacities of the equipment and carry out short-term evolutions for decision-making for the months of greatest demand.
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