Introduction
Today the decisions in companies are very useful because every day new decisions must be made, whether to buy new shares, implement a new market strategy, seek a better strategy, move up to a new employee, change jobs. managers in the company, looking for new methodologies to search for results among many other decisions. For this reason, a decision must be aimed at meeting an objective, which is also aimed at maintaining a good relationship between employees, administrative staff, bosses, managers and all those who operate within the company. A decision within a company, we must take into account what, not just any person or position can decide or have the last word.Managers are given priority because they have a greater criterion about past experiences and therefore they can know how to respond to new remains or changes that the organization will have.
Previously the decisions were based on the criteria of a person, in this case it was the manager who decided which decisions should be implemented, sometimes these decisions were very good and at the time they worked, but; Not all the decisions taken were the best, consequently some bad decisions led to some companies and organizations failing at a certain moment or worse, they failed forever. This is why decisions are so important and making a decision in business is just as important as making a decision in a person's life.
Decision Support System (DSS)
To understand what a Decision Support System is, we must first know where this tool comes from and what it is for. One of the advantages we have today is that we have one of the most accurate technologies of all time, this change has been so important not only for investigative agencies, but also for the business world, previously there were many questions that they were without answers or that they were answered or delayed in answering because they had to have enough information to be able to make a decision. This has changed because to make or take a decision today within the company, there is a system or technology that provides old knowledge or data, which are very large quantities, or as they have been called Histories,these histories help or guide managers to make better decision making.
Background
The term originated in the 1960s but was implemented until 1971 by two MIT professors (G. Anthony Gorry and Michael S. Scott Morton), both professors were not satisfied with what was happening in the company, they thought that a important complement for companies to be more efficient. As a result a creation of a network called the Gorry and Scott Morton Network. This network was based on using computers as a factor to help make better decisions through computer applications. In this way it allowed to group the problems of the company and improve the administrative levels. After this result, computers were taken as an important factor for the creation of models, simulations and decision support.
Business Intelligence.
It is a set of strategies, applications, data, products, technologies and architecture which are focused on the administration and creation of knowledge about the environment, through the analysis of existing data in an organization or company.
It is considered as a primary tool from which the Decision Support System is derived, it can be considered as the mother platform, because it is the one that seeks to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the objectives all based on using technology as a key tool.
This new tool is used today, to give or obtain better results, and avoiding minor damages, because every time companies seek to improve productivity through their decisions.
The main objectives of a DSS are:
Help managers make decisions to try to solve semi-structured problems. A semi-structured problem may not be goal-based, because goals and decisions change within the company.
An example of these decisions may be that a plan cannot work in the same way in a certain time. Compared to a structural problem that would be much simpler, because it has the objective of the company, and this objective does not change significantly over time.
Stages in the development of the DSS.
To develop a DSS, we must first know what we lack, or what is the reason why we are going to develop this technology. The result should be, look for the problem, then look for or analyze the problem, so that it can have possible solutions, then you must choose to find an alternative solution and finally the solution will be executed.
- Intelligence.
In the same way mentioned above, this first stage seeks to collect information to identify the problems that occur in the company.
- Design.
Stage in which a model is developed, at this stage the individual has different options or alternatives on how to solve the problem.
- Selection.
| Advantage | Disadvantages |
| High quality decision making | Greater knowledge of use is needed by the decision maker |
| Greater communication | More expensive tools |
| Costs reduction | Loss of administrative control by the IT area. |
| Higher productivity | |
| Saving time in decision making. |
An alternative is selected from the possible solutions.
- Implantation.
Execution of the decision and reports on the progress of the decision made.
These stages will help us to improve a structure on how we should pose and solve problems.
DSS characteristics.
The characteristics are the results obtained and what is different from the other systems.
- Dynamic, flexible, and interactive reports. No technical knowledge is required. Quick response time. Integration of all company systems / departments. Each user has information appropriate to their profile. ✓ Availability of historical information.
Components of the DSS.
Each DSS system contains other small systems, which are called data subsystems, which contain information but from a certain specific area. These are called components because they provide the DSS with a sequential order until decision making. The components are:
- Data management Model management User interface Manager (user)
Advantages and disadvantages of DSS.
Now, after obtaining all this knowledge about DSS, the question arises: What are the areas of application in DSS? Answering this question, we can include three areas that are very important and on which companies rely to be able to make their decisions and these are:
- Market research and planning Operational and strategic planning Sales support.
The result obtained in these areas will determine how effective the decision made by the management personnel was, it will give us as a result the progress of that decision and will inform what strategic plans are being of help to the company and if they could be implemented in the next period., if it could be modified or in any case if the proposed strategy will be completely eliminated.
Another of the great advantages if it could be called that is that the DSS supports several decisions that could be different from each other. In addition to adapting to user needs or when these needs change, it also uses standard models to make it accessible to users.
conclusion
A decision is a fundamental part for a person or for a company, this is where the last word is taken, this decision is at risk of being a very good or a very bad decision, so taking it at random is not the best option. For this reason, people or organizations make decisions based on the information they have at hand, or according to the person's judgment. It is a complicated task but it is not impossible because. Technology has evolved rapidly, giving a change or a global turn to things. However, decisions were also modified in the business environment, because now data, clear information, histories, variables, global trend and too much raw information are needed that is in the process of being modified to become knowledge.Therefore we can say that decisions are based on information from databases, company records, among other factors that determine decision making.
Making the right decision at the right time, with the correct technology is key for the company, because it not only meets the objective or expected expectations, but also implements to use a judgment with greater security and with greater precision. But if the opposite is true, this can be catastrophic, leaving the company, since these decisions are made immediately, or only using intuition and leaving the information aside. As we know, companies will always seek to improve their productivity and increase their savings, both financial and personnel, strategy, or move up to be one of the leading companies in the market.
References
- http://blogspot.mx/. (sf). Obtained from http://sistemadesoportededecision.blogspot.mx/ Date of consultation: 05/25/2017 http://catarina.udlap.mx. (sf). Obtained from http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/mems/arista_f_a/apendiceB.pdf Date of consultation: 05/25/2017 https://es.wikipedia.org. (sf). Obtained from https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inteligencia_empresarial Date of consultation: 05/25/2017
