1. MRP I
Description: The MRP I (Material Requirement Planning) or material requirements planner, is the material planning and stock management system that answers the questions of, how much and when to procure materials. This system orders the purchases within the company, resulting from the materials requirements planning process.
Scope: This system guarantees the prevention and solution of errors in the supply of raw materials, the control of production and the management of stocks.
The use of MRP systems involves a way of planning production characterized by anticipation, trying to establish what you want to do in the future and what materials are available, or where appropriate, will be needed to carry out all production tasks.
It is a system that can systematically determine the response time (supply and manufacture) of a company for each product.
Solution: The objective of MRP I is to take a more objective, sensitive and disciplined approach to determining the material requirements of the company. For this, the system works with two basic parameters: times and capacities. The MRP system will calculate the quantities of finished product to be manufactured, the necessary components and the raw materials to buy in order to satisfy market demand, obtaining the following results:
- The production plan specifying the dates and contents to be manufactured The supply plan of the purchases to be made from the suppliers Exception reports, delays in production orders, which affect the production plan and production delivery times final.
Benefits / Implications: The most significant benefits are:
- Customer satisfaction Decrease in stock Reduction in overtime work Increase in productivity Lower costs, thereby increasing profits Increase in delivery speed Coordination in production and inventory scheduling Rapid detection of difficulties in meeting schedule Possibility of quickly knowing the financial consequences of our planning
2. MRP II
Description: The MRP II system, manufacturing resource planner, is a system that provides effective planning and control of all production resources.
MRP II involves planning all the elements that are needed to carry out the master production plan, not only the materials to be manufactured and sold, but also the factory capacities in labor and machines.
This system of answering the questions, how much and when it is going to be produced, and what are the resources available for it.
Scope: MRP II systems have been mainly oriented towards the identification of capacity problems in the production plan (availability of resources versus planned consumption), facilitating the evaluation and execution of the appropriate modifications in the planner.
For this and, through the master production plan and the simulations of the behavior of the production system of the company, control will be had to detect and correct the incidents generated in an agile and fast way.
Solution: The MRP II system offers an architecture of planning, simulation, execution and control processes, its main purpose is to achieve the production objectives in the most efficient way, adjusting capacities, labor, inventories, costs and production deadlines.
MRP II provides a set of solutions that provides a complete system for planning the needs of productive resources, which covers both the flow of materials, as well as the management of any resource that participates in the production process.
- Advanced management of material lists Easy to adapt to changes in orders Optimized management of routes and work centers, with own or group calendars High capacity for planning and simulation of production processes Automatic calculation of material product needs Automatic order execution.
Benefits / applications: This system provides the following benefits for the company:
- Reduction of Stocks costs Improvements in the level of customer service Reduction of overtime and temporary contracts Reduction of contract deadlines Increased productivity Reduction of manufacturing costs Better adaptation to market demand.
3. Differences between MRP I and MRP II
MRP I:
- Plans the needs to source raw materials (schedule inventories and production) Based on the master production plan, as the main element It only covers production It arises from the practice and experience of the company (it is not a sophisticated method) Open system
MRP II:
- It plans the capacity of the company's resources and control of other departments of the company.Based as the main point of support in the demand, and market studies.It covers more departments, not only production but also purchasing, quality, financial… It arises from the study of the behavior of companies (sophisticated method) Closed loop system (allows continuous improvement in terms of product quality) to re-plan production in case of error Better adaptation to market demand Higher productivity.Right First Time (correct actions the first time). It is possible to carry out a simulation to appreciate the behavior of the production system (with respect to future events). It improves organizational capacity in order to increase competitiveness.
4. Scheme of MRP II
5- Bibliography
- Galician magazine of economics, vol. 9 No. 2 (2000), pp. 1-23 ISSN1132-2799.Text book programming of production in mechanical manufacturing of 2nd production by machining.Technology book, Santillana publishing house of 3rd ESO (Euskadi informazio gizartean- in the information society). Notes CPS (3rd industrial engineering).
