In this work we will talk about the methods used for decision making within an organization.
The method that employers will use will depend on the situation of the problem or which they decide is the best. Three methods for the analysis will be discussed, which are the Pareto Diagram, Cause - Effect Diagram and finally the Affinity Diagram.
digramas-for-decision-makingThe first one to be discussed will be the Pareto Diagram, this diagram consists of an 80-20 analysis that will be explained in the following information. It will also explain its use, as well as its application and how the diagram is made. Finally, the interpretation of said diagram will be made.
The next diagram that will be described, will be the cause-effect diagram, this diagram consists of having a specific problem, and then, through a brainstorming, the causes that originated the problem are identified. The use of the diagram will also be described, as well as the structure of the diagram that is in the form of fish.
The last diagram to be described is the Affinity diagram. This diagram consists of organizing each of the ideas that are presented in the brainstorming that is carried out for the solution of a certain problem in groups. It will also explain when the diagram is used and how it should be used, as well as an example of how to group ideas.
As the last points of the work, the respective conclusions will be given to each of the diagrams to be described, as well as the references used and analyzed from which the information presented was derived.
PARETO CHART
This diagram is used by companies or individuals as a tool to help analyze the company's priorities, that is, it helps decision-making.
What the statement tries to explain is that of the 100% that you have in a problem in general, 20% are the cause of 80% of the problem, that is, only 80% of the 100% can or only serve. that has.
Following:
- Collect the necessary data, classify them in such a way that they are better understood and that they are related to each other, order this classification, taking into account the priorities, that is, the one with the highest priority to the lowest priority, assign them certain percentages, based in the priority Build the diagram.
These mentioned steps will help make the diagram more feasible.
Making the diagram
- Is it necessary to identify the main causes of a problem? Are there ideas and / or opinions about the causes of a problem? ”
The group that will carry it out must meet and present their ideas and discuss the most probable causes of the problem, as well as all the ideas are valid, in the same way the ideas of the causes must be objective, that is, they have to be related to the topic.
In order for the causes to be well defined before, the problem to be solved must be specified and well defined.
This type of activities apart from helping the company's decision-making, helps the workers or coordinators participating in the group to develop more and motivate participation and group dynamics.
You have to carry out a series of steps that help to make the diagram, it is not necessary that the steps are carried out in order, but it is the most recommended thing to do.
The steps to follow in the elaboration are the following:
- Identify the problem (usually something we want to improve) Write the representative phrase of the problem on a piece of paper or tool of your choice, where the head of the fish would go Draw each of the fish bones, which is necessary, these can be modified based on what is presented. Carry out the brainstorming, which will determine the causes of the problem. Choose the causes that will be placed in the diagram
Diagram structure
The image shows an example of how each of the elements mentioned above should be placed.
There is no need to draw a fish, the presentation of this diagram will depend on the coordinator, without leaving aside the main structure.
- When the problem is in disorder, that is, disorganized. When you have many ideas for solving the problem. When you want to know and understand what the key points of the problem are.
How should the diagram be used?
- Identify the problem Organize and assemble a work team that helps to solve the problem. Brainstorm. Write each of the ideas in Post Its. Assemble the Post Its in groups based on the similarities between them.
CONCLUSION
When taking decisions within an organization, various techniques or methods are needed to help managers make the analysis of the problem to be solved easier. The method that the company will use will depend on the organization itself, that is, there is no ideal method that must be used, since it will depend on who performs it.
The Pareto diagram is a little difficult to understand, but it is also very practical since of the 100% that we have, 20 correspond to the errors that generate the remaining 80. This diagram is useful since it precisely eliminates that 20% that the company does not serve or that is not really a priority for it. This diagram is characterized by presenting it through a graph, be it bars, cakes, etc., the choice of the diagram will depend in the same way, on the organization.
The cause-effect diagram, as its name says, is based on having a specific problem (effect) and finding the possible causes that gave rise to that problem. This diagram is made by a group of people and what it does is to brainstorm and through it choose those that are understood as the true causes of the effect, and then analyze it and make the decision.
The last diagram is the one of Affinity, this diagram is characterized by forming in groups the ideas that are presented for the solution of the problem you have. What is sought is to establish different solutions and then group them in such a way that each one of the group has characteristics in common.
These tools are used for a better analysis of the problem that exists in the organization and thus make the decision of what will be done or what solution will be put into practice to correct those errors that are occurring.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- (sf). Obtained from Cause and Effect Diagram: http://www.cyta.com.ar/biblioteca/bddoc/bdlibros/herTools_calidad/causaefecto.htm Alteco. (2013). Obtained from http://www.aiteco.com/diagrama-de-afinidad/ Cyta. (sf). Obtained from Affinity Diagram: http: //www.cyta.com.ar/biblioteca/bddoc/bdlibros/herTools_calidad/d_afinidadmodelo.htm Quees. (sf). Obtained from
