The administrative process, implemented in a systematic way, generates favorable results in the management of companies, said process considers the administration as the executor of certain activities called administrative functions, Planning, Organization, Direction and Control.
It is considered a process because the organization cannot be developed if the planning has not been established, it cannot be managed if it has not been previously planned and organized and so on until it can be controlled if the activities are not planned, organized and directed before., tasks, operations and actions.
The administrative process consists of:
- PlanningOrganizationManagementControl
In graphic form the administrative process would be represented like this:
The administrative process and its basic functions
Despite the fact that the Administration is a process, it constitutes an indissoluble unit, since during its application, each part, each act, each stage is carried out at the same time and they are mutually related to each other.
Therefore, it is impossible to divide the administrative process, however, in order to better study, understand and apply administration, it is necessary to separate the functions it comprises; although in practice, it is not always possible to separate one function from another. The classification can be made between mechanics and administrative dynamics.
Within the Mechanical Management are included the following functions:
- Forecast, specify What can be done? Planning, specify What is to be done? Organization, specify How is it going to be done?
Within the Administrative Dynamics are the following functions:
- Integration, specifies what is to be done? Control, specific How has it been done?
The following is a brief video-lesson in which the administrative process is defined and its phases, mechanics and dynamics are explained, as well as its main characteristics. (Educatina)
Basic functions of the administrative process
The basic functions of the administrative process are planning, organization, direction / execution and control:
Planning function
The first function of the administrative process is planning, this function consists of defining the objectives, the necessary resources and the activities that are going to be carried out in order to achieve the proposed purposes.
Administrative planning is a process of selection of objectives, alternatives, resources and means to achieve higher levels of development of a country, institution or company in question.
It is creating the conditions for the future and coordinated development of the company, taking advantage of the positive aspects of its environment and reducing the negative aspects. Planning in synthesis is a process of projection into the future.
Planning covers in practice from the level of ideas, through the design of objectives, goals, strategies, policies and programs, to procedures.
Therefore, we can assert that it constitutes decision-making, since it includes the choice of one among several alternatives.
This video-lesson presents the fundamental characteristics of the first basic function of the administrative process, planning. (Educatina)
Organizational role
The second function of the administrative process is the organization, this is the relationship established between human resources and the economic resources available to the company to achieve the objectives and goals proposed in the plan.
To organize is to combine the available means (man-capital technique and other resources) to achieve production.
In a more practical way, it involves the implementation of a structure of functions, via the determination of the activities required to achieve the goals of a company and each of its parts; This grouping of activities and their respective assignment to one of the members of the company, the delegation of authority to execute them, the provision of the means for horizontal and vertical coordination, of information and authority relations within the organizational structure, it constitutes the organizational function.
Logically there are companies in which the owner does everything, performs all the functions, there is no delegation of authority.
Through the following video-lesson you can learn more about the second basic function of the administrative process, organization. (Educatina)
Management Function - Execution
It understands the mystique of subordination and not of submission. The subordinates are duly oriented and the superior has a continuous responsibility to make them know their differences and guide them for the best development and fulfillment of their tasks, at the same time to motivate them to work with zeal and confidence. For this the superior will make use of his specific methods, with the leadership tonic.
In other words, the function of execution is to make the members of the organization contribute to achieving the objectives, that the manager or executive wants to be achieved, because they want to achieve it; execution means carrying out the activities set out in the plan, under the direction of a supreme authority.
It also consists of guiding and leading the human group towards achieving its objectives. In short, it means putting into action or acting (directing the human resource)
Management means creation, contribution, imagination, initiative, directional criteria to make decisions by extending orders and instruments, the director will know how to choose the strategic location of his offices to be able to lead effectively
In the video lesson below you will study the third basic function of the administrative process, management. (Educatina)
Control Function
Control is the fourth function of the administrative process, this consists of evaluating and correcting the activities of the subordinates, to ensure that what is done is according to plans.
Therefore it serves to measure performance in relation to goals, detects negative deviations and proposes the corresponding corrections in the perspective of complying with plans; Control instruments are quite well known, such as the budget for controllable expenses, inspection records to verify and verify the planned objective.
In short, it is a verification or verification of the results, contrasted with what was previously planned.
Before concluding this brief analysis, it is important to point out the role that coordination plays in each of the administrative functions, which many consider to be a separate function of the administrator. However, the most exact thing is to consider it as the essence of the administration, since the achievement of harmony in the individual efforts directed towards the achievement of the goals of the group, is the purpose of the Administration.
Here is a video-lesson that addresses the fourth basic function of the administrative process, control. (Educatina)
Bibliography
- AYALA VILLEGAS SABINO: Business Management Volume I. Graf. Castillo Tarapoto-Peru 1996 CHAVENATO Idalberto: Administration Edit. Mac Grill Hill 2000DAYS DIAZ CARLOS: Administration. Edit. San Marcos Lima –Perú 2002RUIZ MARQUILLO, DARWIN: Organization and Business Administration Trujillo- Peru 2000.REYES PONCE AGUSTIN: Administration Edit. Limusa México 2000KOONTZ. AO`DONNELL: Modern Administration Course. Edit.Mc Gran Hill México 1999-2006
