We can understand that an information system is a group of elements that are used for data management, which are coordinated with each other.
From a totally business point of view, information systems have the purpose of perfecting all the activities that are carried out in an organization, in order to achieve competitive advantages.
Information systems have three elements that make it up: organization, people and technologies.
Following this same line and according to their function, four types of information systems are distinguished: transaction processing systems, transaction processing systems, decision support systems, executive information system
In short, an information system is necessary for the proper functioning of an organization or company, because information is a tool that allows us to make the best decisions.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
We can understand that an information system is a group of elements that are used for data management, which are coordinated with each other.
From a totally business point of view, information systems have the purpose of perfecting all the activities that are carried out in an organization, in order to achieve competitive advantages.
An information system feeds on data, which by itself indicates only facts or events that occur, but when they are processed through different techniques, they are related and summarized to produce information, which will be a basis for carrying out a decision-making, which at the same time said new information generated will feed back to the system itself.
Information systems have three elements that make it up: organization, people and technologies.
Organization
In itself an information system is an element of the organization itself, which is coupled to the organization's structure, reflecting the lines of communication, as well as the levels and divisions of work within the organization itself.
An information system automates the procedures established by the organizational structure, each of the different organizations contributes part of their culture to the implementation and use of technology, but if the technology influences the way in which the organization and culture of it develops.
The very implementation of a well-designed information system should not imply a great change within the organization if it were not for the simple fact that what was done by hand was done through the computer.
Persons
An organization will be as good as the same people who make it up and work within it, at the same time people are the greatest resource for the company, since they are the ones in charge of manufacturing and producing, to generate the profits of the company. business.
All companies require the human factor (people), with different skills and knowledge within which the use of computer equipment and the information system must be developed, since the best information system will be useless if people do not they know how to use correctly.
No information system, as best as it may be, is incapable of operating autonomously, since all systems require human intervention to a lesser or greater degree, which faces the complicated task of preventing users from entering incorrect information. accidentally or maliciously.
Technology
According to (Freeman, 1974) Technology can be defined as a set of knowledge and techniques, for which at the same time it is made up of resources such as hardware, software, networks and telecommunications.
The Internet as an own technological tool is turned into something fundamental for the organizations.
As observed, an information system requires the implementation of technological components that will form the infrastructure that will support it and that will allow it to be coupled to an organizational structure, thus achieving adequate interaction with the human resource that will be responsible for feeding data to the system..
Following this same line and according to their function, four types of information systems are distinguished:
Transaction processing systems
It is when an information system collects, stores and alters the information that is created from transactions that are carried out within an organization, which is called a transaction processing system. The same purpose is to process the transactions that are carried out within a company, accumulating all the information received within a database for subsequent consultation.
Management information system
Management information systems are those used by the company to solve problems that arise in it. In other words, its primary objective is to provide information for problem solving through the interaction of people with technology. Normally, these data provided to the system are of quality, opportunity, quantity and relevance.
Decision support systems
This system is based on the study and comparison between a set of variables that can be produced when making a decision within the company. The support produced by the system involves a stimulation, assessment and balance between the alternatives that are presented. This system interacts with people in the filtering of information that allows them to choose the best decision.
Executive information system
This is a technology that is used by the managers of a company, since it allows access to the internal and external information of the same company, providing those data that may affect its good performance. In this way, the executive in charge will be able to know the status of all the indicators, even those that do not meet the company's expectations, and from there, take the necessary measures to correct any errors that may arise.
In short, an information system is necessary for the proper functioning of an organization or company, because information is a tool that allows us to make the best decisions, which change according to the needs of the same organization to be in the best conditions., in order to give good competition to other organizations.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Cohen, D. (1996). Information systems for decision making. Mexico: McGraw-Hill.
- Gómez Vieites Álvaro, Suárez Rey Carlos, Information Systems, Alfaomega, 2012.
