The objective of this study is to carry out an analysis of the Work Psychodynamics of the Gaming workers of the Province of Misiones.
The interest of this research arises from the results of our research that lies in the psychophysical and social effects generated by the modality of teamwork or shifts in workers, considering Occupational Health a fundamental axis in any organizational structure.
The idea is to be able to present an analysis that helps address this problem in a responsible and open way, without hindering the normal development of work processes.
1- Introduction:
The activity of gambling is considered an activity of entertainment services, where people who attend casinos seek to find a moment of leisure and fun.
As of the 90s as a result of the privatizations, its growth was continuous, although there are Casinos that belong to the state, private investment is much higher, however, its operating structure does not vary from one to another, assuming a macro view on the variables that mark the differences between the private and the state.
The Organizational structure of the gambling activity is based on a pyramidal work model, where the functions and roles are determined based on the responsibilities.The working day in this activity is regulated by Law 11,544 where it tells us:
When the work is carried out by teams, the duration of the work may be extended beyond 8 hours per day and 48 hours per week, provided that the average term of the hours of work over a period of at least three weeks, do not exceed 8 hours or 48 hours per week, in the case of gambling activity, workers are divided into three shifts (Morning - Afternoon - Night) each of 8 hours per day.
The work capacity of a shift worker is modified at night due to the alteration of biological rhythms, lack of sufficient recovery provided by daytime sleep and the demands of job performance, also considering the effects on roles partner - relatives,
The inclusion of these variables from the Psychodynamics of Work expresses that under adverse conditions, workers manage to develop an unstable and precarious balance between suffering and defense against it. This balance guarantees a normality that is not equivalent to health, but indicates the ability to achieve minimum conditions to avoid getting sick, allowing the worker to stay in the productive space
The International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates that a worker will age prematurely five years for every 15 years that he stays at night work. Although health problems do not begin to manifest themselves until after five or 10 years of night work, the decline in worker performance as a result of accumulated fatigue due to misadaptation to the schedule is much easier to detect.
The work schedule not only affects the quantity and quality of sleep, it also has repercussions on the individual's eating behavior. To maintain good health it is necessary to have a balanced diet, which provides essential nutrients for the proper functioning of the body, but, in addition, it is convenient that the food is divided into several intakes throughout the day, at least three and, if possible, make it hot.
Night work also destabilizes eating habits, and workers who work this shift often eat fast foods that are not of sufficient quality. The problem is usually that when they wake up they have no appetite, and when they do, they are working, and if they cannot take a break to have a hot meal appropriate to their needs, they satisfy their hunger with anything.
Inappropriate and maintained eating habits over time cause disorders in the digestive system such as gastritis, heartburn, gas, stomach ulcers, heavy digestions.
Psychological problems related to the night shift
Psychological problems are also much more frequent among night shift workers than among the general population. This is not only due to the physical disorders caused by the lack of a regular schedule to rest and eat, but also derives mainly from the difficulty they have in leading a satisfactory social life.
All daily activities are structured to be carried out during the daytime. Since most people sleep from eleven or twelve at night until six or seven in the morning, and work, study, or carry out other types of activities during the day, it is considered normal to allocate the afternoons and weekends week to social and family relationships.
Night shift workers, however, are limited in their ability to interact with others. Their relationship as a couple suffers, as well as their relationship with their children, since they can barely spend time together and, in addition, the rest of the family must adapt to their sleep schedule and limit certain activities at home that could interfere with their break.
If the two members of the couple work, it is even more difficult to organize to share leisure, or to carry out activities in common or shared with the children. This is especially difficult when working a night shift means having to also do it on weekends and / or holidays such as Christmas, Easter, etc.
The worker, in addition, can develop over time the so-called burnout syndrome (syndrome of being burned), which is characterized by emotional exhaustion that manifests itself with excessive physical and psychological fatigue. The individual, then, isolates himself socially and maintains a cold and distant attitude towards the people around him, also decreasing his effectiveness at work.
After describing the effects that team or night work can generate on gambling workers and framing it within the vision of the psychodynamics of work, Dejour proposes collective spaces for discussion in order to identify collective defensive strategies, such as also from the analysis of work organization, labor relations and working conditions.
The conformation of this collective space for discussion is the means by which the Psychodynamics of work believes that it is possible to put into practice the work clinic (collectively) and carry out an action-study.
Although group analysis can be an alternative for the compilation of data from a certain population, in my case; opt for a self-administered survey, of fourteen (14) questions, on a population of 100 Casino workers, the sample was 92 cases with an error rate of 4% and a confidence level of 99%, in order to to be able to obtain pertinent information to the reality of the Gambling workers, within the previously established variables.
Almost all night workers have trouble sleeping. It is not enough to work through the night to be able to fall asleep like a log at daybreak.
The first of the problems arises when the worker returns home, the daylight sends a signal to his body and reinforces the natural tendency of his circadian clock to wake up, on average, it is estimated that a night worker sleeps one or two hours less than a day worker.
Therefore, their fatigue is accentuated by the fact that working when the body is in a period of inactivation requires more effort than the same activity in daylight hours.
Argentine legislation makes different distinctions, which must be taken into account, that the night shift is one that takes place between 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. the next day.
The full night shift may not exceed 7 hours a day and any hour that exceeds this limit must be considered as overtime.
These overtime hours must be paid with a 50% surcharge if it is common days and with a 100% surcharge if it is a Saturday after 1:00 p.m. or on a Sunday or holidays.
This limitation will not be effective when the rotating schedules of the team regime apply. (Law 20.744 Art 200)
In the case of a mixed shift, which are those in which daytime hours alternate with nighttime hours, the work shift is proportionally reduced by 8 minutes for each night-time hour worked, or the excess 8 minutes are paid as overtime.
conclusion
Based on the results obtained in our research, we can say that 66% of the workers surveyed expressed having socialization problems due to working night shifts (social and family problems), as well as 61% of those surveyed said that at some point they suffered from diseases in his personal health (Gastritis, ulcer, obesity).
Other striking data is 73% of workers raised some peak of stress during their work history within the company, on this information we can supplement with other results that may be useful, such as the lack of recognition in their job with a 68% and the lack of education and training with 68%, however 56% feel they are staying in the Company; safe and stable the same percentage.
As final data, 16% of respondents perceive their work boring, 52% monotonous and 25% pleasant. Finally, what should the company improve? 46% answered remuneration, 36% training and 17% working conditions.
After analyzing the results obtained in our research, a series of suggestions are presented in order to better power and / or appease the side effects of night or team work, although our research took as a reference the look of the psychodynamics of work from the effort made by the worker to overcome subjective consequences; We show some possible alternatives that will surely help you find that point of balance between the real and the prescribed.
It is suggested that the Night Workers are not more than 3 or 4 days in the same shift, the idea is to alter as little as possible the order of the circadian clock (our 24-hour biological rhythm) the worker would transit the following shifts: Night- Afternoon- Morning In addition, there would be a reduction of the night work shift to 7 or 6 working hours.
The Company would be asked to form a "Gaming Academy" for those workers who intend to train in the different tasks that concern each job, at the same time a performance and / or functions evaluation would be requested every 6 months of each worker, to verify the current role and avoid abuse of multi-functionalities without recognition of a higher category.
Results Representation (See PDF)
1- Do you feel satisfied with the work you do in the company?
YES: 75 NO: 17
2-How do you perceive your work?
| BORED | MONOTONOUS | PLEASURABLE |
| fifteen | 52 | 25 |
- Do you consider that the physical conditions of your workplace are adequate to perform?
YES: 84 NO: 8
- Do you have an expectation of growth in your work?
YES: 34 NO: 58
5-Do you get recognition when you do your job well?
YES: 29 NO: 63
5-Do you get recognition when you do your job well?
YES: 29 NO: 63
6-Does the company you work for offer you opportunities to train?
YES: 11 NO: 81
7-Do you consider that internal communication within your work area works correctly?
YES: 48 NO: 44
8-Have you had conflict with your colleagues or superiors?
YES: 31 NO: 61
9-Does the amount of work hours make it difficult for you to function socially?
YES: 61 NO: 31
10- Do you consider that your work causes you stress?
YES: 67 NO: 25
11-Do you think that at some point night work caused health problems?
YES: 56 NO: 36
- Do you feel safe and stable in your work?
YES: 56 NO: 36
- Do you feel that you belong in the Company?
YES: 56 NO: 36
- In your personal situation, what aspect do you think should be improved?
| REMUNERATION | COND. WORK | TRAINING |
| 42 | 17 | 33 |
REMUNERATION
COND. WORK
TRAINING
18%
Gaming Activity Workday
ANNEXED
Collective Bargaining Agreement 1021/09 Casino Club - Posadas
Given the particularity of the activity that is regulated in this agreement, which is characterized by the operation of the Games Rooms continuously during all days of the year (excluding the days of celebration of the Christmas and New Years holidays) and in general throughout the day but mainly at night, weekends and holidays, the modality of working by rotating shifts and by teams is established, having to respect between the end of a working day and the beginning of the next the rest minimum of 12 (twelve) hours, under the terms and conditions of Art. 200 and 202 of the LCT and Law 11,544.
Given the particularities of each locality where the Gaming Rooms operate, two (2) rotating work shifts are established, which may be modified by the Company, in use of the work organization powers.-
The Employer will establish the diagrams of the shifts, ensuring that the rotations take place every 30 (thirty) days. The same worker will not be able to fulfill tasks in the same shift for a period exceeding two continuous months, unless they have requested it.
Given that the activity governed by the present is characterized by framing in what is prescribed by art. 202 of the LCT, the parties agree that the work modality, the day and the breaks are governed by the provisions of Law 11,544, thus at the end of each rotation cycle the employee will be granted the corresponding compensatory allowance.
Staff working six days a week will be granted one full day break after the first cycle, two continuous days after the second cycle, and one full day upon completion of the third cycle. Thus the rest will be 6 × 1, 6 × 2, 6 × 1, 6 × 2 and so on.
Depending on the fact that the application of this regime (6 × 1, 6 × 2, 6 × 1, etc.) involves a substantial operational modification to the system in force to date, the rest regime provided for in this article will be gradually implemented by room and / or sector, cell or section, within a maximum period of 4 months from the signing of this document, that is, as of July 1, 2007, it must be fully implemented in all theaters in the country.
In attention to the particularities of the activity, which is characterized by being more intense during weekends and the eve of holidays, days in which the working day corresponding to the night shift can be extended beyond 04.00 hours of the following day, but that during the remaining days of the week the working day ends before that time (04.00), the employer may extend the working hours in the case of the former, compensating it with the less time worked in the rest, so that at the end of each cycle the employee does not work more than 08.00 (eight) hours per day on average or 48:00 hours per week in terms of Art. 3 inc. b) of Law 11,544.
In the event that at the end of each cycle the average working hours are exceeded, in such a way that they exceed 8 (eight) hours a day and 48 (forty-eight) hours a week - and without these being compensated between days-, the hours worked in excess will be paid with a surcharge of 100% (one hundred percent).
In response to reasons related to operational needs, the parties agree that when the personnel included in this Collective Bargaining Agreement who carry out their activities in continuous and uninterrupted regimes, in two daily shifts but covering the whole day- and a permanence in this system must implement a diagram whose compensatory rest will be at least twenty-four hours for every two days worked ("2 × 1") or its equivalent, which will be computed from the moment the staff ceases their work at the established schedule of the last day until you resume your tasks at the time set immediately after break. It is understood that the greatest rest that is granted is in compensation for the extension of the working day.
Collective Bargaining Agreement - Neo Game - Formosa
Given the particularity of the activity that is regulated in this agreement, which is characterized by the operation of the Games Rooms continuously during all days of the year (excluding the days of celebration of the Christmas and New Years holidays) and in general throughout the day but mainly at night, weekends and holidays, the modality of working by rotating shifts and by teams is established, having to respect between the end of a working day and the beginning of the next the rest minimum of 12 (twelve) hours, under the terms and conditions of Art. 200 and 202 of the LCT and Law 11,544.
Given the particularities of each locality where the Gaming Rooms operate, between 2 (two) and 3 (three) rotating work shifts are established, according to the opening hours of each room, which may be modified by the Company, in use of the powers of work organization.
The Employer will establish the diagrams of the shifts, ensuring that the rotations take place every 30 (thirty) days. The same worker will not be able to fulfill tasks in the same shift for a period exceeding two continuous months, unless they have requested it. All shifts will have a working day of eight hours, applying the provisions of the subsequent paragraphs.
In attention to the particularities of the activity, which is characterized by being more intense during weekends and the eve of holidays, days in which the working day corresponding to the night shift can be extended, but during the remaining days of the The working day may end earlier, the employer may extend the working hours in the case of the former, compensating it with the less time worked in the remaining ones, so that at the end of each cycle the employee does not work more than 08.00 (eight) hours a day on average or 48:00 hours a week in the terms of Art. 3 inc. b) of Law 11,544.
In the event that at the end of each cycle the average term of the working hours is exceeded, in such a way that they exceed 8 (eight) hours a day and 48 (forty-eight) hours a week - and without these being compensated between shifts-, hours worked in excess will be paid according to law.
In response to reasons related to operational needs, the parties agree that when the personnel included in this Collective Bargaining Agreement who carry out their activities in continuous and uninterrupted regimes, in two daily shifts but covering the whole day- and a permanence in this system must implement a diagram whose compensatory rest will be at least twenty-four hours for every two days worked ("2 × 1") or its equivalent, which will be computed from the moment the staff ceases their work at the established schedule of the last day until you resume your tasks at the time set immediately after break. It is understood that the greatest rest that is granted is in compensation for the extension of the working day.
For every six (6) full days worked, the calculation of one (1) franc will correspond, which in no case may be less than 36 hours. Also, at the choice of the company and according to the uses and customs of each square, 6 francs of 24 hours a month may be implemented.
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