The field of identity is not only situated at the level of interpersonal relationships, but also at the level of social and cultural organization.
This sociocultural matrix, whose individualized appropriation is, the generalized other, makes symbolic communication possible and through it the emergence of the person. For this reason, we believe that if identity arises from a sociocultural matrix, it must be respected to make symbolic communication possible.
In addition, it allows to raise a principle of differentiation, and they grant us recognition that can be positive and negative; Every person has a feeling of identity as a result of multiple belonging to the various groups in which we identify; we recognize ourselves as men, women; we have a political ID; We are united by common interests, projects, life experiences; We build a feeling of attachment to the group itself, whether based on language, cultural heritage, territory, all of which generates unique and unrepeatable people, since the essence of identity lies in the existence of difference.
What is identity?
Identity is understood as that nucleus of which the self is formed. It is a fixed and coherent nucleus that together with reason allow the human being to interact with other individuals present in the environment.
Identity formation is a process that begins to take shape based on certain conditions of the person, present from the moment of birth, along with certain basic facts and experiences. From the above, identity is formed by giving us a complex image of ourselves, which allows us to act coherently according to what we think.
According to some authors, identity behaves as something relative, like a plastic nucleus capable of being modified throughout life and development, which would allow human beings to have the ability to behave in different ways depending on the context in which they must Act.
As it is possible to intuit, the sociocultural context in which the individual finds himself inserted is fundamental and decisive in the formation of his identity. However, it is not the only factor that determines it.
Identity is identification, identification from others and that our identity is, previously ours, personal an identity for others. Only from the others can we have initial news of who we are. The radical reality of our personal identity is not our body, which obviously has to be supported, but the specific relationships with which we have been with respect to others.
It grants a fundamental role to language in the emergence and constitution of social reality.
For him, the person not only arises from a social context but is, in itself, a social construction and a social structure. The adoption or experimentation of another's attitude is what builds self-awareness. In order for the person to fully constitute himself, it is necessary, in addition to assuming the attitude of others in isolation, to adopt the attitude of the community or group of which he is a part as a whole.
Noting that in any interaction situation the individual projects a definition of it, of which his own self-definition is an important part; This has to be revalidated by the other participants in it.
The self has, for this author, two aspects: one as an actor and the other as a character, image or person that one tries to represent, a self - actor and a self - acted or represented.
The first is the one that programs and prepares the details of the representation and the second is the one that is projected in the representation itself.
It also distinguishes three levels in the process of shaping and functioning of stigmatized identity: that of social identity, that of personal identity and that of the identity of the self.
By social identity, it is understood the character or traits attributed from signs or signals that a society normally uses to establish broad categories or classes of people.
It is personal identity as identification by others through certain marks or signs that serve as a reference.
Personal identity is based on the assumption that an individual can be distinguished from all others, and that a continuous and unique history of social events can adhere to all these means of differentiation.
Both identities, social and personal, are intimately intertwined. The identity of the self refers to the conceptions and evaluations of the person about himself.
conclusion
Identity is a set of personal attributes (of the self) is the reactive part of the person in the attitudes of others. It is, to put it in some way, the most original part that the person contributes through their responses, in their interaction with others. These attitudes that he takes towards others are the novel element, the contribution of the person. The "I" gives a sense of independence, of decision.
That is why from his personal world he discovers himself different, indivisible and individual, this would be the subjective dimension of identity. But, from this dimension, the subject cannot be considered socially identified, because he depends on the recognition of the primary or membership groups, which attribute attributes to him, which configure him. Identity would only be the subjective side of the culture considered under the angle of its distinctive function.
Lastly, identity formation is only carried out as a function of interaction with the external environment, since in an isolated situation, individual characteristics are absolutely irrelevant and transparent. It is only in relation to interaction with significant others that individual differences and characteristics acquire value and behave as a contribution to social interaction.
Bibliography
1.- Calderón, J. Cultural identities and globalization. In Magazine «Umbral» number 8 April 1998. Olmedo. Spain.
