Summary
The reason for this essay is to comment on the situation that is currently being experienced in the university world. It should be noted that it is important to know what are the main causes that cause a low level of unemployment when they graduate from university, in this way it is easier to take preventive measures in these situations.
Labor reality of university graduates
introduction
This document expresses what a recently graduated university student experiences to enter the labor field, the causes that prevent them from being able to be employed in a job for which they are empowered are exposed, we will also see that the experience and profile that are increasingly demanding are one of the factors why many fail to place themselves in the positions they want.
II. Background
The concept Employment is attributed more than one meaning, from one perspective, it can be understood as the action and effect of generating work and offering jobs, employing is a verb that refers to the fact of keeping an individual busy.
The concept "work" has been changing over time, there are different definitions of this concept, one of the most representative in the administration career. "Work is a personal activity, provided by contract, on behalf and under the direction of another, in conditions of dependence and subordination for which a salary or salary is received." (Agustin, 2002, p. 50).
Employment is also the antonym of unemployment, which is the situation of not being employed, not having a stable income. At the time of making measurements and statistics at the macro level (regional, national), employment implies all work for which an income is obtained or generated, and therefore not only workers who receive a salary are included here, but also those who work autonomously, that is, the entire population that is employed, which receives is called EAP (Economically Active Population).
In these measurements the unemployment rate is taken into account, that is, the number of people who have a job, taking into account the proportional amount of the population that is of working age.
III. Development
By 2012, only 40 out of 100 professionals in Mexico got a job related to their university training, according to the Subsecretariat of Higher Education of the SEP and the National Survey of Occupation and Employment of the third two months of 2012.
“Although a study by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ranked Mexico as the third country with the lowest unemployment rate during May 2013, it also revealed that the unemployment rate for young people aged 15 to 24 is 9.4%, more than double that of those who exceed 25 (4.1%) ”. (Apaéz, 2013)
This percentage shows us how difficult it can be for a university graduate to find a job, since the reality is that when you are young, they request older personnel and vice versa, involving the experience in the same way. It has become known that both public and private companies have no difficulty in filling their jobs with university graduates, but to what extent do the results of the OECD contradict? The main causes of difficulty in employment are lack of experience, the search for a higher salary, lack of mastery in their area or discipline and few jobs that are offered. (Which is also bounded by the aforementioned factors). I believe that all these are summarized in a single factor "Lack of experience",since mastery of an area or disciplines is only possible with implementation, so knowledge is less favorable without work experience.
“It is the companies who both provide and deny access to experience to an important sector of the Economically Active Population (EAP). Yes, there are internships and social services, but as they are currently carried out, they are often insufficient for recruiters. They demand something that only time can give. An interesting fact from INEGI was that only 25.7% of all companies have an alliance with some higher education institution, to create study programs aligned with their needs, so 74% do not have this strategy; which constitutes, incidentally, the German educational model. " (Apaéz, 2013).
In the first month of the year, the unemployment rate in the country stood at 5.05%, a figure lower than that registered in the same period of 2013, reported the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (INEGI).
Your career as a job opportunity
It must be taken into account that Mexico has an increasingly competitive and closed universe, so it is very important to make the best decision about your university future in advance, evaluating the best possible options on the careers to study. The challenge of choosing the correct career to study is important since in our country 37% of professionals are dedicated to jobs that have nothing to do with what they studied, according to the National Association of Higher Education Universities (ANUIES), it states that in Mexico there is a lack of employment for graduates of more than 41 bachelor's degrees because one of every 3 careers registers a saturation.
The university degrees with the most job opportunities are: Business Administration and Management, Law, Industrial Engineering, Accounting, Information Systems.
“As of the fourth quarter of 2013, data from the National Occupation Survey (ENOE) showed that the total number of employed professionals in the country is 7.4 million people. The areas with the highest number of employed persons are represented by the Administrative Economies, Engineering and Social Sciences. ((STPS), 2014)
In rankings of the university courses with the most job opportunities, some stand out, such as Business Administration and Management. These are usually the administrative careers with the highest demand because they offer more exits to graduates once the study period is over. This is due to the breadth of options where they can be developed. Another career in high demand and with a greater future projection are Law and Information Systems.
Labor trends are constantly changing as the economy becomes variable, experts point out that the labor market will be very different from how we know it today. To offer a general overview of the labor market, it is necessary to take into account three aspects that, according to research by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, will be the ones that will mark the new trends in work at a global level: Changes in demographic patterns, technological change and the path of economic globalization.
Roberto Rodríguez Castañeda, Undersecretary of Employment and Labor Productivity of the STPS says: “The inconveniences faced by professionals are not limited to the lack of work, it also stops them not knowing a second language or not having a specific knowledge that the company demands ”.
With this we realize that despite the preparation that a professional has, it is not enough to excel in the workplace if we are not updating our information and reinforcing knowledge and experiences.
IV. conclusion
According to the aforementioned statistics, we note that the level of unemployment for professionals is decreasing, and that in Mexico, there are job opportunities for professionals, but sometimes it is necessary to add value to knowledge. It is true that job boards open spaces, but the really difficult thing is to cover the profile, with greater emphasis on the level of experience that they demand.
To the tireless search for employment must be added that in recent years the competition has grown due to the increase in university graduates. SEP data indicate that each year 450,000 young people finish their career, seeking to apply what they learned in school to a job for which they receive a substantial salary. We add that in a market of labor competition, companies employ 450,000 graduates of higher education institutions at the same time and the least prepared are at a disadvantage.
It should also be noted that the price for inexperience or better preparation is reflected in the salary received for the jobs that make up our economy as a country. In this way, those who finish a career face greater job insecurity not only because they earn less, but because the beginning is increasingly difficult, since they compete against experience and a greater number of graduates and that makes opportunities more scarce.
However, this panorama that is presented should raise awareness to start an active life before concluding university studies since being in front of the labor field opens opportunities to be one of the first to get out of this critical situation. Along with the constant preparation that every day is essential to achieve a higher level.
V. References
- (STPS), S. d. (March 2014). Labor Observatory. Retrieved on March 25, 2014, from the Labor Observatory: https://www.gob.mx/Agustin, P. (2002). Staff Administration. Limusa. Apaéz, MA (July 11, 2013). SDP News. com. Retrieved on March 22, 2014, from SDP Noticias.com:
