The concept known as Reliability Engineering has its focus on the techniques, tools and methods that together make it possible to determine that a component, system or product acts safely, ensuring adequate quality, under optimal conditions and determined times.
If we channel this to organizations, it would be necessary to define other concepts that help us to establish those optimal solutions where each element performs its work in the expected times but without making mistakes or failures, in order to achieve the results of efficiency and effectiveness.
Therefore, during the completion of this article you can understand the most important concepts of reliability engineering, how to apply it and what its main benefits are.
Some contributions are also presented regarding reliability software for the study, application and presentation of reliability in our times.
Keywords:
- ReliabilityEngineeringSoftwareProbabilityFaultsDistributions
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING
General
Reliability Engineering can well be defined as the branch of engineering that is responsible for the study of the physical and random characteristics of the phenomena known as failures.
However, discussions known as failures are often low-key as it is extremely difficult to come up with a concept that satisfies all criteria or all points of view that may exist.
To do this, a concept of vast amplitude is proposed, which does not generate any type of complication and also facilitates the reliability and risk estimates.
(PEMEX, sf)
I ng gineerin Reliability
This focuses on the processes of eliminating failures through the use of different tools that allow improving processes, activities, resources and designs, within the tactics of corrective, predictive and preventive maintenance.
The main objective is to increase the reliability of the assets, thus increasing their availability, as long as the improvements are based on the profitability of the business.
(SPM Engineering in maintenance, 2015)
What is a failure?
It is the effect that is originated or created when a component, the system, a piece of equipment or some process stops fulfilling the function that is expected to perform.
For the purposes of its application, reliability differentiates the types of failures that occur in a certain inappropriate way and that are also unrelated to the personnel performing the operations.
Initial failures
In this stage it is characterized by having a high error rate, which is declining rapidly with respect to time. They are found during the initial phase of the cycle or operational life, and basically it is due to the existing deficiencies in the manufacturing process, the installation and the quality control.
These failures are also usually presented by the inexperience of the equipment on the part of the operating personnel or by ignorance of the correct procedure.
(Cabrera García, 2014)
Normal faults
Also known as fortuitous, although errors also occur at this stage, they are less recurrent. These occur due to inherent causes of the equipment, that is, due to causes external to the process.
The causes can be: accidents, malfunction, improper situations and although they are impossible to predict with accuracy, in general they tend to comply with some rules.
(Cabrera García, 2014)
Wear faults
This type has as its main characteristic, being constituted by an increasing number of errors, these are produced by a natural wear and tear of the equipment over time and usually appear at the end of the useful life of the element or system.
Most of the time, they can be avoided with the implementation of preventive maintenance, that is, by replacing elements or parts of the equipment in a time interval that is prior to wear.
(Cabrera García, 2014)
With concepts key
Reliability: It is the probability of a failure-free operation of equipment or its components during a defined time and under a specific operational context.
Availability: It is a measure of the degree by which the element has been operating and is reliable at the start of a function, when it is requested at any time (random).
Probability Distribution: They are graphic models that allow relating the possible values that a random variable can take, with the frequency of occurrence of each one of these.
It can be classified into two families:
- Nonparametric Distributions Parametric Distributions
(PEMEX, sf)
Reliability Engineering (PEMEX, sf)
It is very important to remember that Reliability Engineering can be defined as the branch of Engineering that studies the random and physical characteristics of the phenomenon known as failure.
Within Reliability Engineering, two schools coexist with very specific approaches:
- Reliability based on probabilistic analysis of deterioration or physical failure. Reliability based on probabilistic analysis of time to failure or failure history.
Both have a common objective: "To probabilistically characterize the failure to make forecasts and establish actions aimed at mitigating its effect."
Both have proposed reliability as a probability term as a key indicator to achieve these results. (PEMEX, sf)
Reliability engineering development
Diagnosis
It is a process that allows organizations, equipment, systems or processes to predict their behavior in the future, through an integrated analysis of failures, deterioration data and technical data.
Its main objective is to identify corrective and proactive actions that can improve costs and reduce negative impact.
Development of Reliability Engineering (PEMEX, sf)
Reliability formulas
From the following function it is possible to determine the reliability:
Where:
R (t) = Reliability Pr = Probability.
T = continuous random variable. t = Period of time.
(King Nuñez, 2012)
Software Reliability Engineering
It is a practice that allows planning and guiding the Software testing process in a quantitative way, it originated during the seventies with the work of JD Musa, A. Lannino and K. Okumoto, thanks to its effectiveness it has been implemented in many companies, such as AT&T, Microsoft, Motorola.
Main elements that characterize ICS
There are two elements that characterize it, one is the expected relative use of the system's functionalities and the other is the quality requirements predefined by the customer, which include reliability, the release date and the life cycle cost of the system. product.
ICS process (Padilla Zárate, Gerardo, nd)
Benefits of implementing Reliability Engineering
(Cabrera García, 2014) Among the main benefits of applying it globally, are:
- Reduction of the risks inherent to the operation of equipment and health hazards Reach of customer expectations regarding the functionality and useful life of the equipment Improvement of the marketing of products and guarantees Improvement of the reliability and availability of the systems (reduction of failures and downtimes).
Increase in profit through:
- Less chance of accidents Optimum time for parts replacement Optimization of warehouse inventories Lower operating costs
It also provides solutions to the needs of the industry, such as:
- Make profitable equipment Identify defective equipment that generates losses Identify equipment collection and replacement
conclusion
In today's times, it is of utmost importance that organizations carry out analyzes and studies that allow them to know in advance how their company will be developing.
If organizations could implement reliability engineering in their processes, they could provide their customers with high-quality products or services, and guarantee them for life.
This reliability also gives its suppliers confidence, and these, in turn, satisfied customers.
Thesis topic proposal
Implementation of Reliability Engineering in the production processes of a SME in the region.
General objective
Analyze and implement Reliability Engineering in a SME in the Orizaba region.
A g r adequacy
To the National Technological Institute of Mexico for being my alma mater and to Dr. Fernando Aguirre y Hernández for their support and motivation to carry out these articles on the subject of Fundamentals of Administrative Engineering.
References
Cabrera García, G. (November 11, 2014). Gestiopolis. Retrieved May 2016, from
King Nuñez, CI (March 29, 2012). Gestiopolis. Retrieved May 2016, from
Padilla Zárate, Gerardo. (sf). Software Reliability Engineering. Retrieved May 2016, from SG Buzz:
PEMEX. (sf). Operational Reliability System. Virtual learning, 46.
SPM Engineering in maintenance. (2015). Reliability Engineering. Retrieved May 2016, from
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