INTRODUCTION
Since the appearance of the internet, the way in which businesses carry out their activities have evolved considerably, thanks to the appearance of different technologies, a number of companies of all sizes have been added to the list of electronic merchants.
The emergence of different digital technologies has led to a change in the organizational structure of companies, planning and even the means in which they operate, designing what is called "The digital company" (BecerrilMade, M., 2002).
Information technologies have made possible the emergence of the digital economy, which provides endless data in a context of "network" that can be known worldwide to promote increased profits.
A large number of business units are governed under this criterion, defining new business expressions, including the management of activities that are carried out at the industrial level. (Carvajal, J., s / f)
The digitization of companies is advancing rapidly, leaving many conventional ways of carrying out economic transactions obsolete. The United States of America is the country that has been a promoter of the digital revolution, where some authors describe it as a model of economic growth based on a technological shock
DIGITAL ECONOMY
The term digital economy was used for the first time by the magazine “Bussiness week” in 1994, where it mentioned the new context of the economy based on the information and communication technologies better known as ICTs.
The main features are:
- Based on the proper functioning and continuous use of the new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The operations that are carried out are carried out almost simultaneously so that the dimensions of space and time are compacted in a great way. of income and profits due to the fact that they make the most of computing resources for the adequate handling of information. (Carvajal, J., s / f)
It is extremely important to have an active participation in this type of economy derived from the following points:
- Time reduction. The speed with which the transactions are carried out is a factor considered as the key to success, making immediate adjustments to the characteristics and conditions of the organization. Digitization. The application of computer systems has been a great support for the management and storage of large amounts of information, supporting the new way of conceiving economic activities.
All that is considered digital is that data that is encoded in the binary system and that can be converted back into data without losing its initial characteristics.
- Personalization. The products offered cannot be compared with those of direct competition due to the advantage that is taken from information technology. Informalization. The digital economy has recognized the value of the metadata that is found by representing the content of the information flow that is managed from the buyer to the seller. Convergence. It is the formulation of a theory making a combination of some already existing to create a more efficient one. It is worth mentioning that convergence does not only mean combining an existing technology called A with another called B.
If not, the force that the two achieve when combining their functions are much more effective than the sum of each of them individually. (García, J., 2000)
The importance of the digital economy is not only based on newly created products or services, but is also governed by the moment in which humanity finds itself.
Pablo Dalmasso in his article Latin America continues to be delayed when getting on the train of the economy quotes the director general of the Secretary of economy in Mexico in 2007 saying "The opposition is not between large and small companies, but between traditional and modern "" There are small companies that are very advanced in the digitization of their processes and there are large companies that have lagged behind in their industry because they did not know how to adapt. (Dalmasso, J., 2007)
The new media and communication channels that the digital economy has provided are of utmost importance, one of the most important is electronic commerce.
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
It can be defined as the set of commercial actions that are made possible through electronic means, promoting various products such as:
- Digitized products. Information that is sent via the web such as software, audios, videos or books. Physical products that can be digitized. This item includes all those items that buyers receive physically through the intervention of a third party, possibly can be digitized later by the person who purchased it, items that are not capable of being digitized. They are tangible items that due to their physical characteristics cannot be converted into digital, such as furniture or food.
Among the notable advantages of electronic commerce are:
- It does not need the participation of an intermediary. It is available 24 hours a day. Transaction costs are reduced They offer an extensive catalog of merchandise due to contact with suppliers worldwide. Increase in market segments.
One of the variants of electronic commerce is known as e-business, which are basically organizations that have catalogs on a technological platform that are shared with customers. The main characteristic is that these types of organizations base their priorities on managing the information and not tangible assets.
A business of this type can be fully functional and profitable with a single computer, from where the appropriate transactions can be made.
Electronic commerce has generated a restructuring in markets, competition and service. However, it is also guilty of the socioeconomic division since a large part of the population does not have access to the internet (Carvajal, J., s / f)
ELECTRONIC MONEY
When speaking of electronic commerce, it is necessary to include the terms of electronic money, which are the ways by which buyers can make the payment of the operations carried out. A clear example of this is e-cash, e-money, or any transfer made via the internet.
This means of payment saw its beginnings with the use of credit cards, later encompassing the use of checkbooks or the transfer of funds. The continuous use of electronic money results in the minimization of expenses related to handling cash such as security or transport.
DIGITAL ECONOMY AND THE INFORMATION ECONOMY
This terminology is very similar and in reality they are linked in a very direct way, sharing information very frequently.
The digital economy integrates elements for the management and processing of information, placing information technologies as its main resource. The difference between these two concepts are according to the theory of Castells (Castells, M., 1999) are various questions of reality in search of an explanation. Another notable difference is that the digital economy is based on productivity, defining the relationships between the units known as input versus those identified as output.
DIGITAL ECONOMY DIFFICULTIES
For the implementation of this new technology, not everything is an easy task, since in many countries the informal economy abounds, which have greater resistance to change, and therefore the use of electronic channels to carry out any type of transaction.
The informal economy is not the only difficulty encountered, items such as per capita income, unstable macroeconomic environments, the level of internet availability hinder the proper development of this new way of doing business.
The support of governments at different levels is of utmost importance to promote the growth and consolidation of the digital economy, programs that support the learning of the digital age must be implemented, as well as the subsidy of technological elements in areas considered to be unprotected.
The emergence of e government forces individuals to make use of the digital economy and therefore the internet, it is now a challenge for each of the countries that implement this tool to reach more people. (Dalmasso, J., 2007)
HOW IS THE DIGITAL ECONOMY MEASURED?
The first report regarding the digital economy was made by the United States of America Department of Commerce issued in June 1998, in which report the importance and definition of communication computer technologies was displayed.
Jordi Villescas tries to describe an adequate methodology to be able to measure this factor, making a mixture of the information that was provided by the Emerging Digital Economy II and a table called Input-Output prepared by the United States government in 1996.
The methodology defended by this author makes it possible to reveal some factors of an economic nature in a given country, such as supply and demand (Villescas, J., 2002)
MEXICO AS PART OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
The beginning of the country's participation in the digital age was from the 80's, during the year 2000 the electronic-computer industry appears as the largest generator of exports, with more than 32 million dollars annually.
Mexico occupies a preponderant role in the production and development of communication technologies worldwide, serving as a maquiladora. In a contradictory way we can mention that although this country is one of the main producers of these technologies, many of its inhabitants are restricted to this access.
The societies that comprise it are opening a great gap between them due to the lack of resources and possibilities of accessing knowledge and information through the use of new technologies (Dalmasso, J., 2007)
TIC´S AND ITS PERFORMANCE IN THE LABOR FIELD
The introduction of the internet in organizations has revolutionized the way in which they behave including the area of human capital, where the demand for labor and the qualities for a job offered have changed considerably.
The digital age fosters an increase in demand from the computer industry
SUGGESTED THESIS THEME: Increase in the profitability of a company through the implementation of the digital economy.
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
- Becerril-Made, M. (2002). The digital company: To get more out of the Internet, many companies have included electronic commerce to do more business. Here are some titles on the advantages of the digital economy. (Columns: 10 more). Retrieved on April 27, 2017, from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A94872129 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonCarvajal, J. (s / f). Mexico in the global expansion of the digital economy, the last decade of the 20th century. National Autonomous University of Mexico, 2009. Retrieved from http://132.248.9.195/ptd2010/febrero/0654451/Index.htmlCastells, M. (1999). The information age: Economy, society and culture (Vol. I). Red society, Mexico, twenty-first century editors Dalmasso, J. (2007).Latin America remains behind in getting on the train of the digital economy. The result will be sectors increasingly removed from globalization. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A165167014 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonGarcía, J. (2000). The five themes of the digital economy. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A78788814 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonThe result will be sectors increasingly removed from globalization. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A165167014 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonGarcía, J. (2000). The five themes of the digital economy. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A78788814 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonThe result will be sectors increasingly removed from globalization. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A165167014 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonGarcía, J. (2000). The five themes of the digital economy. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A78788814 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonorg / ps / i.do? p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A165167014 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonGarcía, J. (2000). The five themes of the digital economy. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A78788814 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonorg / ps / i.do? p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A165167014 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonGarcía, J. (2000). The five themes of the digital economy. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A78788814 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summon1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summon1 & it = r & sid = summonVillescas, J. (2002). Measuring the digital economy: a methodological approach to an indicator of demand for the ICT sector for the USA Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.etechconricyt.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p = IFM E & u = pu & id = GALE-A135062565 & v = 2.1 & it = r & sid = summon
