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Operations management as a system. test

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Anonim

Since the industrial revolution, the importance of managing the operation of the company has been known, this discipline has been called in various ways including: industrial management, production management and operations management. Operations management is responsible for the production of goods or services in the company through the execution of actions that help to generate a competitive advantage for the company.

In order to optimize the production function, the administrative process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling the resources in production must be carried out, these resources can be human, material or financial.

When we refer to a system, the definition according to the real academy of the Spanish language says: "A set of things that are related to each other in an orderly manner contribute to a certain object. Systems receive (input) data, energy or matter from the environment and provide (output) information, energy or matter, through a process.

If we look at the operations management model, the inputs to the system are the inputs that include: the customer's need, information, labor, fixed assets, technology, some elements such as buildings, warehouses, machinery and production plant, as well as raw materials and other elements that are consumed in the transformation process, The transformation process is integrated with the planning, operation and control of the system, the model seeks a constant improvement of the system. Products consist of goods and services.

Finally, the model shows that operations are influenced by the external environment, regulations, labor practices, etc. The Operations Management Model is the starting point for discussing operations planning.

To speak of operation planning is to refer to the product or service and the decisions and considerations relating to it, the What? How? When? Where? And how much? Produce.

A fundamental decision in the company is the selection of the product that it is going to produce and market, which implies knowing the needs of the clients and finding a product that satisfies them and at the same time contributes to reaching the company's goals. In this decision, the interests of the administrators of each area of ​​the company must be taken into consideration, integrating the various interests and balancing income and costs, profits and risks in the short and long term.

When designing the system for production, the physical layout for manufacturing can be accommodated in several layouts:

  1. One option is to establish the production line in the order in which the item is assembled or produced. A second option is to arrange the production system according to the process used. A third type of physical arrangement is called fixed arrangement, in this The product due to its size is accommodated in a fixed place, for example ships. The fourth type refers to the nature of the project (the construction of a bridge is an occasional project). The production process is organized to facilitate the sale Lastly, the production process can be organized in order to facilitate the storage or movement of products.

Once the system is constituted, the product is selected and designed, the following is the implementation of the system, which implies establishing an organizational structure, occupation of positions and training. It is important to have capable administrators to carry out the activities necessary for the production or provision of services.

Operations control must be carried out, so that production, quality are controlled, and performance criteria are measured, inventory levels and worker performance must also be controlled, for which it has become essential rely on information systems.

The development of software and hardware for performance and control has made possible a higher performance in companies, making it more efficient, Despite the rapid availability of information that computer systems can provide, the only thing that can solve problems in advance is planning.

Bibliography

  • Greene, R. (2014). The 33 strategies of war. Mexico: Ocean. Rodríguez, SH (2007). Introduction to administration, General administrative theory: origin, evolution and avant-garde. Mexico: McGraw-Hill. Weihrich, HK (2007). Administration: A Global Perspective. Mexico: McGraw-Hill.
Operations management as a system. test