Introduction
The difference between success and failure in micro, small and medium-sized companies (MSMEs) could lie in the development of strategic planning, from the beginning of the project, companies continually face a series of obstacles such as lack of resources financial, material and the most important "human talent".
To undertake a project it is vital to have a vision of where the entrepreneur wants to go, the mission of the project, the general and particular objectives, based on this the interest of this research was born where a sample of 41 companies was taken randomly from a total of 1200 that are unionized in a state business organization, the predominant sectors are commerce and service, the lines vary from food, handicrafts and services such as travel agency, tourism and health sector.
Abstract
In this work of investigation the reader will find the results realized to businessmen chiapanecos of the sector trade, service and tourism where it will be able to identify the fundamental point that is the vital need to fullfil a strategic on having undertaken a business.
Normally the first step to initiate a project should be realize a business plan, nevertheless the microcompanies would prefer avoiding this step to begin to offer to the clients his products or services in an offer and demand to satisfy his needs.
Now the first year is in the habit of being the great challenge of surviving of every mipyme thinking that 30% of companies does not happen from the third one to the fifth year, the motives are, do not manage to identify his market put, to sell general public it has stopped being an acceptable response between the experts of sales and marketing, now well to think about a model of business from the beginning it might mean the success of the company.
Development
It was decided to interview and apply a questionnaire to 41 companies at random, where it was required to identify the challenges that companies face every day and that generate difficulties for them to consolidate in the market, the factors that were measured are:
1. The operating time of the companies where the following results are shown in years of operation are:
MEDIUM: 7.25 MEDIUM 5.5 FASHION: 8
Interpretation of the data:
The standard measures of this research tell us that the companies registered in the business organization are mostly stable companies, which have until today an average life of more than 7 years of operation in the market, which becomes a set of companies that despite social, political and economic changes have shown stability and competitiveness.
2. The academic level of the owners or managers of the companies
Academic level of the owner of the company:
B = 1 I = 4 P = 26
E = 10
b = basic i = intermediate p = professional e = specialty. Interpretation of the data:
The companies belonging to this research, 63.41% are directed by people with a professional level of studies (26), that is, entrepreneurs with a degree in administration, accounting, tourism, food and industrial engineering, and 24.39% have a degree Master's degree in administration and finance mainly, this shows the average life that companies have.
3. The percentage of knowledge of the business of each entrepreneur
*% of knowledge of the branch of your business. 100, 70, 80, 100, 90, 85, 100, 80, 100, 75, 80, 70, 100, 80, 65, 50, 80, 90, 80, 85, 80, 80, 90, 100, 98, 100, 95, 80, 70, 20, 70, 100, 95, 80, 100, 70, 100, 90, 80, 10, 99.
MEDIUM: 82.12% MEDIUM: 80% FASHION: 80%
In a range of 1 to 100% knowledge in the management of companies, the respondents defined 80% on average their knowledge, the predominant variables are: family businesses with experience of other relatives, and newly created businesses where the entrepreneur He showed some experience having worked in a similar business.
4. If they have established the mission, vision and values of the companies. YES: 29 NO: 12
70.73% of companies have identified their mission, vision and values, which translates into clear objectives since the birth of the company, 29.27 have not defined these three points in writing, however they are aware of the importance for their company to establish who they are, where they want to be and their values as a company.
5. They have defined strategies and goals
YES: 27 NO: 14
65% of entrepreneurs have their strategies and goals in writing, that is, experience is present, which defines a clear course of where they should focus their actions, to achieve their objectives and goals. 35% are represented by newly created companies with an operating period of three months to one year of operation.
6. If they have implemented a diagnosis for their companies
YES: 9 NO: 32
At this point we find some of the main mistakes that entrepreneurs make, that is, diagnoses are of great importance and it is necessary as a human being to go to the doctor at least once a year, only 22% have applied a diagnosis to their company and 78% of entrepreneurs who have not made a diagnosis of their companies, have presented stagnation financial problems, and sometimes poor decision-making.
7. Training of staff and managers} YES: 34 NO: 7
Training is undoubtedly a very important point to the extent that the STPS requires it from companies. 82% of the interviews show interest in training for the owners as well as for the collaborators, in some cases they have reached iso 9000 certifications among other distinctions such as moderniza (M) and clean point for the tourism sectors.
8. They have implemented strategic planning in their businesses
YES: 14 NO: 27
The reason for this research was found that 65% of entrepreneurs do not use or are unaware of the benefits of strategic planning, this can be interpreted as follows, despite the fact that a large percentage of the sample have a higher average life At 7 years of age, their managers do not design strategic planning.
conclusion
Indeed, the result of this research shows that the lack of strategic planning creates difficulties in micro-enterprises to have constant growth, we note that they operate with a high financial and operational risk. In some cases, the mission, vision and values are not clearly identified by the company's collaborators, they work every day not to grow but to survive in the midst of the great competition that large corporations have imposed.
The page of the Mexican Business Information System SIEM was reviewed http://www.siem.gob.mx/siem/, 2014) and in the state of Chiapas there were 3785 of which 50.72% (1920) belong to the sector Commerce.
Chiapas. Total companies registered with SIEM 3,785
|
FARMER |
B
: MINING |
C : ELECTRICITY AND WATER |
D
: CONSTRUCTION |
E : MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES |
F
: TRADE |
G : TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS AND SERVICES |
| 10 | 0 | two | 477 | 280 | 1,920 | 1,096 |
Thus, the sample that was taken is 41 companies, which gives us a reliability to demonstrate the need to apply strategic planning, according to: Size, human resources, financial resources, business, sales, knowledge of the product or service, among other factors.
We obtained that business administrators are in need of designing new business and financial strategies, in the use of human talent, thus locating a vital tool that is innovation and the application of information technologies, marketing strategies, diversification of products or services, a new way of doing business, the lack of creativity puts the existence of state-owned companies at risk, because they can be out of date by new multinational companies or consortiums that achieved success through applying strategic planning.
Bibliography
- http://www.siem.gob.mx/siem/. (February 2014). Retrieved on February 27, 2014, from http://www.siem.gob.mx/siem/:
