Introduction
An alternative definition is the one that defines operations research as responsible for the production of the goods or services of organizations. Operations managers make decisions that relate to the operations function and transformation systems that are used. Thus, operations management is the study of decision making in the operations function.
From these definitions it is clear that the operations management process consists of planning, organizing, managing personnel, directing and controlling, in order to achieve optimization of the production function. We have very well understood the beginnings of operations research and that from there they gave the perfect guideline to highlight the strategies, tactics and movements that framed the beginning of the great science of research, this has had an impressive impact on the improvement of the efficiency of numerous organizations around the world. And to specify ourselves in Mexico we need to understand what operations research is to reach the current panorama of the country around the IO of small companies.
Abstract
An alternative definition is the one that defines operations research as responsible for the production of goods or services of organizations. Operations managers make decisions that relate to the operations function and transformation systems that are used.
Therefore of operations management is the study of the decision-making operations function. From these definitions it is clear that the process of operations management is to plan, organize, manage staff, direct and control for the purpose to achieve optimized production function. We very well understand the beginnings of operations research and from there got the perfect pattern to stand out the strategies, tactics and movements that framed the beginning of the great science research; this has had a dramatic impact on improving the efficiency of numerous organizations worldwide. While it is known that Mexico is in a stage of Organizational structuring business in Mexico and to specify us we need to understand operations research is to reach the current landscape of the country to the IO environment.
Operations research
Nowadays it is quite common to hear the word “Operations Research”, but we know what they mean? Mostly we know that it refers to decision-making support, the analysis of proposals as well as the rapid resolution of problems related to the management and coordination of operations or activities within an organization.
So Operations Investigation or Operational Investigation. It can be defined as follows: “Operations Research is the application by interdisciplinary groups of the scientific method to problems related to the control of organizations or systems in order to produce solutions that better serve the objectives of the entire organization ".one
So we can say that the IO helps us to examine the entire area that is the responsibility of the administrator and not one in particular; this allows the IO group to observe the effects of actions outside the problem location area, which may allow the real problem and not just its symptoms to be resolved. In addition, a quantitative basis or model should be included for decision making in solving the problem.
Like everything in life, there are advantages and limitations in the practice of decision-making because it is not easy at all, you have to know how to analyze all the components to give the right thing.
Churchman and Ackoff, philosophers of operations research, wrote numerous books on the application of their techniques for the benefit of Humanity and Society outside the military realm. Russell Ackoff occasionally advised the Government of Mexico and UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico) on methods to improve the economy and education of the Mexican people, the same methods described in his "Ackoff Fables."
SMEs and their relationship with IoT
The study of SMEs in Mexico is essential for various reasons. First, by the proportion it represents; second, because it is a significant source of work, mainly for groups of workers with little job training and, therefore, with a high difficulty of insertion and reduced mobility in the labor markets; third, because most of the studies carried out tend to favor the analysis of medium and large companies. Indeed, small businesses are characterized, in general terms, by a low technological level, organizational structures that are not functionally differentiated, a shortage of highly qualified technical and administrative personnel, acute financial difficulties, absence of long-term plans, inability to develop projects. market,low level of formalization and structuring of activities and, among others, a highly centralized hierarchical structure. Mexico is not a country of small entrepreneurs, in the sense of individuals who risk their personal capital, who eagerly seek technological incorporation and promote the development and growth of their companies, who know how to distinguish and promote the social work space from other areas performance of the individual. On the contrary, the image of small businesses is that they constitute more of a short-term response to face family economic problems, often subsistence, than a solid project of differentiated development (Derossi 1977, Roubaud 1994).Mexico is not a country of small entrepreneurs, in the sense of individuals who risk their personal capital, who eagerly seek technological incorporation and promote the development and growth of their companies, who know how to distinguish and promote the social work space from other areas performance of the individual. On the contrary, the image of small businesses is that they constitute more of a short-term response to face family economic problems, often subsistence, than a solid project of differentiated development (Derossi 1977, Roubaud 1994).Mexico is not a country of small entrepreneurs, in the sense of individuals who risk their personal capital, who eagerly seek technological incorporation and promote the development and growth of their companies, who know how to distinguish and promote the social work space from other areas performance of the individual. On the contrary, the image of small businesses is that they constitute more of a short-term response to face family economic problems, often subsistence, than a solid project of differentiated development (Derossi 1977, Roubaud 1994).who know how to distinguish and promote the social work space from the other areas of action of the individual. On the contrary, the image of small businesses is that they constitute more of a short-term response to face family economic problems, often subsistence, than a solid project of differentiated development (Derossi 1977, Roubaud 1994).who know how to distinguish and promote the social work space from the other areas of action of the individual. On the contrary, the image of small businesses is that they constitute more of a short-term response to face family economic problems, often subsistence, than a solid project of differentiated development (Derossi 1977, Roubaud 1994).
Although it is difficult to classify companies, the criteria generally adopted are the volume of sales and the number of workers. The most widespread in our country is the second. (Table 1).
Table 1. Classification of companies based on the number of workers. Microenterprise 1 to 15 workers
- Small company i 16 to 1 00. Workers Medium company 101 to 250 workers Large company more than 250 workers
Source. Decree that approves the Program for the Comprehensive Development of the Medium Industry and Small Business, Nafin, Mexico.
Decision making is a fundamental and important part of IO; considers fundamental aspects: the functional areas of the company, which can basically be interpreted as the formal part; and what I have considered as informal, in which the social part of the company predominates.
As for these, SMEs; We can analyze that the power to decide rests mostly with the owners of the companies and, in general, not many analyze what they are going to do, how and why everything is mostly in the intuition, hence the failure of many small companies.
In order to have a successful IO we must emphasize the training of who this responsibility will fall on and also observe the environment of our company in terms of what is required to be competitive today, so taking into account these considerations we can prophesy the success of our IO and in turn the success of our SMEs.
In sum, we can affirm that constant training is becoming an increasingly relevant variable in SMEs. Family aspects, previously a characteristic mark of small companies, are losing their presence as a result of modernization processes. Continuing with the modernization processes, the trend towards the professionalization of the administrative activities of small businesses is notorious. Finally, it highlights the great relevance of decisive aspects such as ethics, social, interpersonal relations in the field of small organizations, a fundamental and primordial bond in the investigation of operations of SMEs.
conclusion
Taking into account that SMEs are primary sources of work and income in which important cash flows move for Mexico, and that more and more Mexican families are choosing to be their own bosses, it is necessary to investigate more in depth on how the Operations research can help the company make important decisions and reins on how to continuously improve for the better and in that case that the right person for this is trained to take charge and guide its workers to achieve success and continuous improvement to continue being a successful company.
Let us also not forget that for this to happen the problem in question must be well analyzed, and thus avoid unnecessary expenses for the company and thus obtain the maximization of resources with little effort.
Bibliography
- CHURCHMAN, ACKOFF AND ARNOFF. (1957). Introduction to operations research. New York, Wayne L. Winston. "Operations research (Algorithms and applications)" 2a. Edition. Grupo Editorial Iberoamérica México, 1994. INEGI, The micro, small and medium enterprise. Main characteristics, Mexico, 1993.Derossi, Flavia, The Mexican businessman, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, 1977.
Footnotes:
1. CHURCHMAN, ACKOFF AND ARNOFF, 1957.
