Administrative planning

INTRODUCTION

Administrative functions are carried out by people who have the character of leadership, from the lowest level of supervision to the highest rank of management. The executive plays the role in them. These functions are Planning, Organization, Execution and Control

Planning is setting a complete course of action with a sequence of operations involving the time and resources necessary for its completion.

The selection and relation of facts Formulation and use of assumptions about the future Formulation of activities to achieve objectives

Nature of Planning

Contributes positively to achieving objectives It is a requirement for organization, execution and control It is a function of every Executive Pursues the efficiency of plans

Characteristics of good planning

It looks for the available information and expectations of the environment It involves subordinates and assigns responsibilities It includes personal and organizational identification It relates to certainty and uncertainty The Intellectual by nature It is continuous and permeates the entire company It makes things happen It establishes bases for control Ways of doing Planning

1.3.1 Planning by Trial

It is based on personal experience It depends on hunches and intuition It is simple and prompt It tries one thing and then another

Imitative Planning

Learn from other people's experience Seek guidance from other Companies Attending conferences and congresses Visiting other businesses Studying trade publications Advising management experts

1.3.3 Scientific Planning

It constitutes a logical system for the collection and interpretation of facts

The plans prepared have proven bases

Provides facts and verified information

Strategic planning implies fundamental facts, broad perspectives and long-term periods, the longer the period of time, the more strategic the planning, long-term programs and the planning of any company is strategic.

Tactical planning refers to the most effective use of resources to be applied to achieving objectives.

Strategic planning involves mission and vision

Aspects to involve in planning

Research and information gathering

Controllable aspects: Such as service, prices, advertising, etc. (Internal).

Uncontrollable Aspects: Economic, ecological, legal, technological, demographic, cultural, competition, politics, society, (External).

From the above we obtain qualitative and quantitative information on:

‣ Demand for our services

‣ Tastes of our users

‣ Costs - Prices

‣ Coverings

‣ Competition

‣ Clients

Diagnosis

To determine how the organization is. Regarding physical, administrative, financial resources, technical aspects, market trends, etc.

For this we determine:

‣ Strengths: Advantages and pros

‣ Weaknesses: Disadvantages and cons

‣ Opportunities: It allows us to improve and grow

‣ Threats: It affects us if we do not react

With the diagnosis we determine:

‣ General problems

‣ Background

problems

‣ Secondary problems

‣ Superficial problems ‣ New businesses

‣ Ways to grow

Determination of Objectives

An objective is a proposal to achieve that tells us where we are going

It is necessary to establish general and particular objectives (financial, marketing, services, ect.)

Formulate goals

It allows us to measure how the execution of the plan is going and how we are achieving the objectives.

The goals are consistent with the problems, diagnosis and objectives.

Activity program

Once the goals are selected, the activities to be carried out, the necessary time and the place for the different services to be offered are identified using activity schedules.

Resource allocation

Once the actions are defined, the human and financial resources necessary to carry out the actions are assigned.

‣ Human Resources: If there is an increase or decrease

‣ Physical Resources: New works, extensions, endowments

‣ Technical Resources: Studies, training, analysis

‣ Financial Resources: Credits, profits, etc.

TOWARDS EFFECTIVE PLANNING

Unplanned stage

When first establishing the business, managers are busy looking for funds, clients; the manager is fully absorbed in day-to-day operations and has no time for formal planning.

Stage of a budgeting systems

Management eventually recognizes the need for a budgeting system to improve cash flow planning. Total sales for next year are estimated.

Annual planning stage

Management develops annual plans in some areas.

Strategic planning stage

It is done with the purpose of improving its total effectiveness, a long-term plan is elaborated; The plan is a detailed version of the first year of the long-term plan.

Advantage

‣ It works systematically

‣ It guides to a better coordination of efforts in the operational areas

‣ It directs the development of performance standards for control purposes

‣ It works with objectives and policies

‣ It results in better preparation for surprise changes.