To understand the strategic processes of business management, we need to place them in the current context, that is why we will make a first approach from the globalizing policies that are those that define the economic, political and cultural direction of our society worldwide.
Later, we will mention the different types of planning that exist, emphasizing strategic and prospective planning, highlighting that one of the ways of planning that has brought great benefits to the countries belonging to the Pacific Basin - Asian countries - is based on in a humanistic vision of planning; which has contributed to the sustainable development of nations such as Japan, Korea, Singapore, Madagascar, etc., as well as the so-called “Emerging” countries that are mostly located on this continent. Ordoñez (2002) presents the Asian position of Intellectual Capital, where the great importance given to people in the production of high quality goods and services is evident.
In the framework of globalization, economic conditions are established by international markets, which depend on the policies established by transnational companies, the group of seven, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, as well as emerging economies. like Brazil, China, India and Russia.
To respond efficiently to these global socio-economic conditions, business administration has evolved over time to meet the needs of a society that is increasingly demanding of higher quality goods and services. This evolution has gone from a traditional administration to a tactical and later to a strategic one, to a prospective administration.
Currently, companies that apply strategic planning - which, as we know, had its origin in the war - has been a management style that is based precisely on the definition of objectives, and that through a strong and decided strategy allows through Through its lines of action, carry out activities that lead us to fulfill the proposed objective in time and form, which contributes to the sustainable development of the company.
Within the strategic processes of business management, a permanent orientation that allows this development of the organization can be the use of the SWOT matrix - where the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats are recorded - which will give us light on the current situation the company goes through; In other words, this technique allows us, by way of an evaluation, to make a "cut" of the reality that must be faced today, and from there, to have elements that allow directors and managers to make assertive decisions for the proper functioning of the organization.
However, as we know, we are immersed in the knowledge society, where the only thing that remains constant is "change" creating levels of uncertainty in national and international markets. Edgar Morín says that to face these "oceans of uncertainty" we must do so through "archipelagos of certainty". However, from the “prospective” administration we can create futuristic scenarios to establish how far we want to take the company and from this vision, begin to build the path that guides us to achieve it.
Once we have mentioned the four types of management that define "business philosophy and administration to be exercised, we need within this prospective direction not to forget that the markets are moving towards the service sector, in such a way that we do know that 80% of the world's wealth is in the hands of 29 countries, which to generate their wealth is divided as follows: 67% is generated based on services, 16% is from the agricultural sector and the remaining 17% from the industrial sector.
This means that the majority of companies outside the service sector are doomed to failure or only to continue surviving with little growth expectations.
We emphasize that it is not enough to express in a document the type of administration to be exercised, we must also consider that for a company to offer a productive or service good, it must take into account the need to have “healthy” finances, transportation equipment, human capital, administrative controls and means of communication, which guarantee an efficient operation of the same, thus contributing to solid growth.
The current communication networks will have to be used to reduce operating times, that is, the efficient use of the Internet, email, chat, etc., which will contribute in a clear and timely manner to generate the interior and exterior of the company handling information in a clear and timely manner. It is a fact that a large part of the problems in a company are generated by poor communication.
It is a fact that any specialist in Senior Management must know and master both the current and future management philosophy and models that will help them to provide efficient advice to senior government officials and entrepreneurs, so that they can make assertive decisions that lead them to direct their “companies” towards sustainable development.
Likewise, these officials must exercise “transformational leadership” which refers to a second-order type of institutional change, which implies the transformation of the organizational structures of the institution (Fullan and Steigelbauer 2007). Transformational leaders are those who intrinsically inspire, guide and motivate their followers to achieve the established goals, in addition to specifying or clarifying the requirements of the function and the task (Morales, s / f).
Surely the knowledge acquired in Senior Management will help to train professionals who, in addition to advising, can have the bases to create their own companies in a solid way, which contributes to generating sources of honest employment that our country is sorely lacking, where the innovation and creativity that will be developed by intellectual capital - this concept is used by Drucker to distinguish intellectual work from manual work - that makes it up, allowing our country to one day stop being just the maquiladora of the technology that is produced in other countries.
Bibliographic references
- Footwear Rodríguez, Luis l. (2012) Seminar of Critical Philosophy of the Company. (Presentation), Federal District, Mexico. Postgraduate Center of the State of Mexico Drucker, P. (2008) “the productivity of the knowledge worker: maximum challenge” in Drucker, et al, (2008) Human capital management, Barcelona: Deusto.Fullan, M. and Steigelbauer, S. (1997) The Educational Change (Planning Guide for teachers). Distrito Federal, México: Trillas.Morín, Edgar (1999), The seven necessary knowledge for the education of the future, Paris, France: UNESCO.
