The Project Management Institute defines a project as “a temporary effort undertaken to create a unique product, service or result, has a certain term. Temporary means that each project has a definite beginning and end.
Man is a project of God, each human being is unique and has a beginning and an end. Projects can result in the same product, but each project is different.
For Nassir Sapag, "a project is the search for an intelligent solution to the approach of a problem, which tends to solve among so many a human need" (SAPAG, 2007). This definition encompasses any type of initiative that is planned to be carried out.
Projects are often implemented as a way to achieve an organization's strategic plan, create a new business, conduct research, etc. The main difference between operations and projects lies in the fact that operations are continuous and repetitive, while projects are temporary and unique.
The project can become a vision that goes beyond what is seen and causes a change in the current reality, “someone came to a construction that some workers were doing, and asked one of them, what they are doing, the first worker answered: here we are sticking bricks is that he does not see. The man, still restless, went to the second worker and asked the same thing, what they do, and the worker looked at him with a smile and said. Sir, here we build the largest and most beautiful building in the city. The Project envisions something different from the ordinary.
“On one occasion, the social management of a company asked its team of workers to carry out a diagnosis of nearby communities, asked them to observe the reality of the area, the team was made up of doctors, anthropologists, geologists, business administrators, sociologists, agricultural engineers etc. Professionals went out to the communities and found informal businesses, women who wove independently, young people wanting to get ahead and agricultural producers with good products but without adequate income, geologists did not find maps of the villages, doctors found various types of diseases and sociologists and anthropologists knew different beliefs and customs reflected in people's behavior.
When they returned to report to their management, they disclosed problems and solutions, which led each professional to formulate and execute projects, envisioning a change in reality, proposing projects to organize producers, health improvement projects were proposed, cultural and social projects and simple actions or tasks to be carried out were not thought of, but rather projects that involved generating changes and assuming commitments.
That is why I think that the word that defines a project is "solutions" and I agree with Nassir Sapag who says that "a project is the search for an intelligent solution to the approach of a problem, which tends to solve a human need among many" (SAPAG, 2007). With a project, today will be different from yesterday, but this requires the commitment of the work team to generate changes and achieve levels of impact.
It is about looking for solutions based on projects that generate value to the human being, seeking to solve a human need, which can be different types of projects such as: research projects, life projects, investment projects, educational projects, etc.
Every project has a life cycle or stages through which it develops. These stages are: Initiation, Formulation and Evaluation, Execution, Monitoring, Project closure.
For all types of projects, a work team with knowledge, skills, tools and techniques is required for the project activities to be carried out.
But the Project team always requires a director or leader who manages and directs the application and integration of the management processes in the different stages of the project from the beginning to the end of the project. The project manager is the person responsible for achieving the objectives and above all for motivating and maintaining the commitments of the work team.
The management or direction of projects is carried out during the different stages of the project, carrying out activities such as: requesting authorizations, seeking or executing financing, and executing different actions that allow the project to generate the best conditions so that it can function. The different areas of knowledge of project management, according to the Project Management Institute are: Project Integration Management, Scope Management, Time Management, Cost Management, Quality Management, Human Resource Management, Management Communications, Risk Management, Procurement Management, Project stakeholder management.
In a project it is not only important to formulate or design, one of the important aspects is the management that considers previously planning actions towards the interested parties, to manage the communications between the work team, the resources and above all to manage the human resource, to train it, give him the tools and resources on time and control the fulfillment of the activities. Management helps work to be carried out in an organized manner, helps reduce team conflict and ultimately keeps a team committed to achieving the impact of the project.
Project management also known as project management or administration is the discipline that guides and integrates the processes of planning, attracting, energizing, organizing talents and managing resources, in order to complete all the work within defined time and cost limits. with a consolidated team that allows the start of a next project.
Produced by:
Lic. Milagros Coronado Calderón
Project Manager - Community Member Project Management Institute ID: 4003462
Professor at the Catholic University Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
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