The clear evidence that the daily actions of many people gives us makes us think that we are increasingly far from living in a tolerant, "intelligent" way, and above all, in an exemplary way. It is even more worrisome if the most serious faults come from great leaders, rather than ordinary people.
The human inability to see people of different ethnic groups with the same eyes that we see our compatriots, although many let it pass, is a great problem, which leaves us a little lower every day in our social scale.
The text "The Organization of Indigenous Peoples in Argentina: The case of ONPIA" gives us clear information on the case of societal diversity in Argentina, a country where the problem of the indigenous population reaches a fairly high level of discrimination and where It is worrying the large number of Indigenous Peoples that exist in the country, and of which many are not even recognized.
This case is part of the continental movement of Indigenous People. Where, even more, the reality of their demands does not vary from those of the rest of the world stage, since they have also been involved in the embarrassing and obligatory outcome marked by violence.
“With twenty-one Indigenous Peoples constitutionally recognized, the Argentine Republic experienced a process of demand of these mobilized Indigenous Peoples (as well as most of the countries in which control and symbolic violence urges the peoples), which has resulted in a series of preliminary legal responses that do not satisfy the current scenario of the central and essential demands that make their survival possible ”(Davinson and Cuyul, 2007: 8).
The census and research carried out by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC), indicates the following:
"… published in June 2006 the first systematizations of its Complementary Survey of Indigenous Peoples (ECPI) surveyed during 2004 and 2005, which largely reflects the processes of indigenous settlements in the marginality of the Argentine capital" (Davinson and Cuyul, 2007: 20).
Data like these reveal the real integration problems that exist today for indigenous peoples in Argentina, a reality that is not only typical of this country, but of many others in Latin America and, why not say it, of our own. own country, because in Chile there are still many difficulties to fully achieve acceptance and integration of the Mapuche people.
For several decades now and in many parts of the world Indigenous Peoples are looking for a way to have their rights respected, as “people”, as a people and above all as part of this great global society, in which we often go through Highly the fact that there are people with different life situations, with different cultures among others, and most importantly, with rights that we are not yet capable of respecting.
Also in recent decades, (as noted in the text) Latin America has been faced with many requests from indigenous organizations, with the purpose that they recognize their rights.
This is why many states have opened a search for new alternatives, which leave out marginalization and difference, but are they really meeting the requirements of these peoples, or are you simply looking for momentary solutions that hide their real problems? organizations? Is the north of the main issue being lost with measures that have brought nothing but discontent and protests in many countries?
The case of the National Organization of Indigenous Peoples in Argentina (ONPIA) can be seen as a response to many dissatisfactions experienced by Indigenous Peoples in this country.
… We wanted to portray its leaders, women and men, who have given a legacy of their efforts and dreams of justice… (Davinson and Cuyul, 2007: 7).
The existence or creation of this type of organization is proof that there is interest in a just and dignified integration, which should not be seen as an obligation of the state, but as a right of all these peoples who, up to now, on many occasions, they are being left out of an equal participation.
Integration or Marginalization? They seem very different, but on many occasions one leads to the other.
We frequently hear of the creation of various institutions or organizations to help the development and optimal life of many indigenous peoples. The idea is not only that they exist, but that they seek compliance with the laws that protect these peoples. To achieve this, a true commitment is necessary, not an obligation, that knows how to create a true integration and put aside the path of marginalization.
Of course. The proposal is not easy, and the most difficult thing is that it is not in the hands of just anyone, but in the way of doing politics.
… the existence by law No. 23,302 of 1985 of the National Institute of Indigenous Affairs (INAI) has not achieved at least the bureaucratic, cumbersome and sometimes irregular seal of the way of doing public policy that characterizes the state institutionality in many of our countries. Latin American and Caribbean countries (Davinson and Cuyul, 2007: 9).
In this text, the authors have made their dissatisfaction and concern about how to approach this problem quite clear, since perhaps the big problem lies in the way possible solutions are carried out. Indigenous Peoples should not be seen as a problem, if not as they are: a different culture, but no less worthy of what modernity gives us.
The case of the Argentine nation, is closely difficult due to the important number of different peoples.
… We have referred that 21 indigenous peoples are constitutionally recognized, while the census bodies indicate 22 peoples, the INAI speaks of 24 and other non-governmental organizations of 27… (Davinson and Cuyul, 2007: 27).
Sources:
Bibliographical: Davinson, Guillermo and Andrés Cuyul, (2007) The organization of Indigenous Peoples in Argentina: The case of ONPIA. Buenos Aires Argentina: Los Gatos Printing House.
This essay was developed within the framework of the subject Social Institutions of the Social Service Career of the University of La Frontera, and the inputs are part of the analysis of the book, The organization of Indigenous Peoples in Argentina: The case of the ONPIA of Guillermo Davinson and Andrés Cuyul, (2007) Argentina: ONPIA.
