When establishing the areas of intervention of institutions, non-governmental organizations, programs and projects (national and international) in a territory, disaggregation is a frequent point and by which concrete actions for the solution of biophysical problems are placed in the background or third..
When the objectives, goals and actions are directed towards the management, conservation and protection of natural resources and the environment in general, the areas with the greatest ecological sensitivity are not adequately addressed, the compliance of the sustainability of Actions.
The Diagnosis of Critical Areas (DAC) is a method that allows the identification in a technical and participatory way of the areas with the greatest ecological sensitivity and where human activities have developed "critical areas" where it is necessary to concentrate actions to achieve recovery and restoration of ecological balance in its basic resources, soil, water and forest.
management-and-conservation-of-natural-resourcesIt is important to highlight that the DAC has a more biophysical than socioparticipatory orientation, but in the development of similar "Diagnostics" it has been observed that the participation of local actors (members of communities and grassroots organizations) allows to reinforce the identification of "areas criticism ”as well as the development of proposals for its future solution.
The DAC should be considered as an accompaniment tool to other key studies such as: 1. Mapping of Key Actors; 2. Study of Land Use Capacity; and 3. Rapid Socioeconomic Characterization (CSR). Together they allow the development of "Territorial Planning" and "Strategic Planning" proposals.
The presentation of the results of the DAC of the Upper Basin of the Rio Yaque del Norte, must be seen from the point of view of an accompaniment tool to the studies that will allow the development of the "Land Management Plan" (POT), in addition to be conceived as a means for prioritizing actions, when working in small territories, as in the case of “micro-basins”.
The process of preparing the DAC for CAY, followed a participatory and multidisciplinary process where different institutions, projects, universities and social organizations collaborated, which allows demonstrating the objectivity of the results that have been reached.
The document must also be considered as a first approximation because a second round of validation must be carried out that will allow the development of the complete cycle proposed in the methodology, despite the fact that a series of activities have been developed in order to compensate for the NO development of the second round of DAC Workshops.
The methodological development that allowed the development of the DAC was developed from June 1 to September 15, 2004, having been developed in the following summarized sequence:
- Secondary information collection June 01 to 10 Proposed work schedule 01 to June 10 Development 1 TDAC Round June 07 to July 22 Recognition route June 15 to August 05 Analysis of primary and secondary information 10 to 30 August Development of Thematic Maps September 01 to 10 Document development September 01 to 15
The participation of 61 of the 112 communities that make up the CAY, in 08 participatory workshops, allows identifying (without necessary validation) the "critical areas" as possible actions to mitigate, correct and restore them in the medium term.
In the development of the CAY DAC, there are a series of lessons learned, which will be incorporated in the development of this document, such as the "methodology manual" to be proposed. The lessons learned are oriented towards the development of the DAC Workshops and the recognition phases, allowing even more to “tropicalize” (adapt) the methodology to the technical and social characteristics of the Dominican Republic.
- Study objectives
- Develop the Diagnosis of Critical Areas of the Upper Basin of the Yaque del Norte River, identifying the zones of ecological sensitivity by micro-basin. Serve as a follow-up and / or complementary study to the different studies and actions that are developed for the elaboration of the Plan of Territorial Planning (POT) of the CAY and the Municipality of Jarabacoa.Integrate the base communities and organizations to the process of identification of their Critical Areas by community, micro-basin and zone nucleus, developed an analysis and reflection for the development of technical and social proposals. to correct, restore and manage the identified critical areas. Validate the proposed methodology for the development of the Diagnosis of Critical Areas (DAC) at the territorial level,considering as a basic verification unit the hydrographic micro-basins. Propose concrete actions by micro-basin to mitigate, amend and correct identified critical areas.
- Justification of the study
By identifying the “critical areas” mainly with their water connection (basin, sub-basin and micro-basin), the aim would be to redefine actions at the level of a territory, if it is conceived that the majority of occasions seek the disintegration and dispersion of activities in order to comply goals, without previously identifying in which areas the development of specific activities that allow the mitigation, correction and / or restoration of "critical areas" are more important.
With the DAC, the territorial planner can guide specific activities with the support of local actors to achieve mitigation, correction and / or restoration of "critical areas", which will allow a gradual and systemic return to a balance where (s)) community (s) participate together, starting their intervention from the identification and proposal of actions for the "critical areas".
It is necessary to conceive that geographically the study is carried out in an area with high ecological sensitivity, at the level of landscape ecology the “hydrographic basins” especially make up the upper part, it should be considered that the area of the “River Yaque Basin of the North ”is the upper part, where hydrologically the largest number of water sources are concentrated and therefore the headquarters of the water recharge areas. So the orography and geology is susceptible, being able to verify that more than 80% of the territory of the basin (602.4 km2) have slopes greater than 10%.
According to susceptibility indicators from an 8% slope, there is a greater risk of runoff associated with erosion, sedimentation and dragging of particles greater than 2.0 millimeters (rocks, rocks, etc.), which immediately overlaps that 80% of the CAY and therefore, 70% of the municipality of Jarabacoa is in an area at high risk for problems associated with water runoff, such as floods, landslides, and upheavals. This is aggravated if it is observed that a large part of the communities are intimately associated with the presence of the tertiary and secondary water causes of the main rivers such as Yaque and Jimenoa.
Logically, the "critical areas" are the breaking points that could cause a considerable increase in the probability that a meteorological phenomenon will cause socioeconomic and environmental damage in the CAY and the municipality of Jarabacoa.
The basin with its 753.00 Square Kilometers, should be considered as areas with high ecological sensitivity, especially if we consider the 18 micro-basins, with an approximate of 111 communities, 05 municipalities and 03 protected areas, and can be considered as a strategic point at a social, economic level and environmental, so its management and conservation must be a priority for the Central Cordillera region and in general for the Dominican Republic.
- Geographical context of the study
4.1 General description of the Upper basin of the Rio Yaque del Norte
The area where the “territorial ordering” actions are concentrated is in the so-called upper part of the Basin, part where the “matrix river” is born, which intersects with all the tributaries that culminate in the delta part of the coastal-coastal zone.. Like the presented description of the general characteristics of the Yaque River Basin, it is not desired to be in this exhaustive document on the description and analysis of the upper part of the basin, the biophysical and demographic composition of the basin, concentrating on the analysis resulting from the different studies and participatory actions that will guide the comprehensive and sustainable management of the natural resources of the "Upper Basin of the Yaque del Norte River" (CAY).
The Upper Basin of the Yaque del Norte River (CAY) is located on the northern slope of the Central Cordillera, which is located in the central part of the country. The CAY is between the coordinates 18 55 'to 19 17' north latitude and 70 31 'to 70 50' west longitude. Most of CAY's surface belongs to the municipality of Jarabacoa (70%).
Its geographical limits are: to the South with the basins of the Grande or Medio rivers, Las Cuevas and Yaque del Sur; to the south with the Taveras Dam, to the east with the Camu river basin and to the west with the Guanajuma river basin. It is located between the provinces of La Vega and Santiago. The altitude varies from 400 masl in the Taveras dam, increasing to 529 masl in the city of Jarabacoa and reaching 1600 masl in the buffer zone of the José del Carmen Ramírez park. The basin has a total extension of up to the Taveras dam of 830 km2. The climatological behavior of the basin is characterized by: average temperatures 21.4 C, an annual average rainfall of 1502 mm, although in the areas surrounding the Taveras dam, less humidity conditions occur with prolonged periods of drought
4.4.1 Ecological Zones
The ecological zones of the basin are presented in the table classified according to the altitude ranges.
Table No. 1. Ecological Zones Source: Holgridge, cited by GFA, 1997
4.4.2 Hydrological
Hydraulic infrastructure works of the most important in the region are supplied with the collected and drained waters of the Rio Yaque del Norte basin. Due to its hydraulic potential, numerous infrastructures have been established in this basin and others are expected to be built, of great benefit to the country. Among the works with the largest physical volume are listed in the following table:
Table No. 2: CAY's productive water infrastructure
| Not. | Name | Description |
| one | Tavera-Bao López-Angostura hydroelectric complex | It consists of three water storage lakes for the energy production of 228 MW, drinking water and irrigation water. From here the Cibao Central aqueduct that supplies the cities of Santiago and Moca with their respective Communities is supplied. |
| two | Canal Ulises Francisco Espaillat (CUFE) | With an intake work located in La Otra Banda in Santiago, it covers about 32 km and a design capacity of 30 cubic meters per second, to supply water to over 25,000 ha. |
| 3 | Navarrete Channel | It is an old work already abandoned, but it is still used to irrigate some areas that are covered by the CUFE |
| 4 | Anima Channel | With an intake work located on the river of the same name, it consists of a derivative dam that feeds said canal, whose design flow is 4.0 cubic meters per second. It runs 14 kilometers to irrigate 1,800 ha. |
| 5 | Villa Vazquez Canal | His shooting work is located in CAY. It has a length of 9.4 km and a design flow of 12.0 cubic meters per second to irrigate an area of 9,000 ha. |
| 6 | Canal General Fernando Valerio | His shooting work is located at CAY. It covers the lands of the Bajos del Norte project. It has a length of 27 km and a design flow of 16.5 cubic meters per second, covering an area of 15,000 ha. |
Source: PROCARYN, 2002
4.4.3 Biophysical aspect
4.1.4 Technological / productive aspects
4.1.5 Socioeconomic aspects
Figure No. 1: Geographical context of the CAY
Source: KfW / GITEC team of consultants
- Methodology
The methodological steps used for the development of the CAY Critical Areas Diagnosis are summarized below:
Step 1: Adaptation of the methodology for the Study of Land Use Capacity to the biophysical characteristics of the Central Cordillera of the Dominican Republic;
Step 2: First phase of cabinet and geospecial analysis, identifying and classifying areas of ecological sensitivity;
Step 3: First field phase, round of workshops on Diagnosis of Critical Areas at community level by zonal nucleus;
Step 4: Second phase of the cabinet analysis of information resulting from workshops on Diagnostic Critical Areas;
Step 5: Second phase of the field, physical recognition of critical areas identified in the first phase of the cabinet and the first phase of the field (support for UAFAM students);
Step 6: Third phase of the cabinet, incorporation of field survey results and preparation of a preliminary version of a map of critical areas of the basin;
Step 7: Third field phase, validation of results in the second round of community workshops by zonal nucleus;
Step 8: Preparation of a final document for the Diagnosis of Critical Areas.
The methodological development that allowed the development of the DAC was developed from June 1 to September 15, 2004, having been developed in the following summarized sequence:
- Secondary information collection June 01 to 10 Proposed work schedule 01 to June 10 Development 1 TDAC Round June 07 to July 22 Recognition route June 15 to August 05 Analysis of primary and secondary information 10 to 30 August Development of Thematic Maps September 01 to 10 Document development September 01 to 15
As can be seen in the DAC development timeline, the activities related to the second round of TDAC workshops through the PROCARYN zone nuclei, were not feasible to carry out, so individual actions were carried out by the consultant, counting on The support of UAFAM students and members of grassroots organizations, in total 08 (eight) participatory workshops were held, grouped into 05 zone nuclei.
But despite the effort made in order to obtain data objectively, it is necessary to consider the importance of the development of the second round of workshops, in order to validate the classification of identified "critical areas" and the prioritization by community and micro-basin. Therefore, it should be considered as a pending and necessary task to complete in order to successfully complete the DAC.
- Results presentation
6.1 Analysis of participatory workshops
The 08 participatory workshops of the first round of the DAC, followed the participation structure conceived for the operationalization of activities of the "Project for the Management and Conservation of the Upper Basin of the Yaque del Norte River" through "Zonal Nuclei", in the " Map No. 2 ”shows the division:
Figure No. 2: Division by Zonal Nuclei of the CAY
Another aspect considered in the process of development and presentation of results was the “micro-basin” territorial framework, considering that the CAY has 18 micro-basins, the territorial division by zonal nucleus, also allowed for more punctual management in the convocation process through micro-basins, which can be seen on the map below:
Figure No. 3: CAY Microbasins
Both the zone nuclei and the micro-basins have their base within the community context, being in fact the unit that allowed the identification of the "critical areas" by micro-basin and the CAY as a whole, so participation in the 08 workshops, In total, 61 communities participated in the zone nuclei (see memory aids, annex 1) of the 112 communities that make up the CAY, that is, 55% of the CAY communities.
Figure No. 4: Development of the analysis of information obtained from the participatory workshops
The global communities that make up the CAY, by zonal nucleus and micro-basin, are presented in the tables below, the communities participating in the process are identified with an x, it should be clarified that in the subsequent period, the 18 do not appear micro-basin since some do not have the presence of communities:
Table No. 3: List of CAY communities
| LA GUAMA ZONE NUCLEUS | ||||
| Population by | Participation | |||
| MICROCUENCA EL CAMITIO | community | TDAC | ||
| one | PLAIN OF THE FIG | 648 | X | |
| two | THE AVOCADO | 350 | X | |
| 3 | THE CORRAL | 378 | X | |
| 4 | THE GUAMA | 272 | X | |
| 5 | BEAUTIFUL STREAM | 125 | X | |
| 6 | JUMUNUCO | 950 | X | |
| 7 | YABACOA | 240 | X | |
| 8 | GUANAJUMA | 110 | ||
| 9 | THE BLACKS | 78 | ||
| 10 | THE CIDRA | 223 | X | |
| eleven | SANDY | 180 | X | |
| 12 | EL CAIMITO | 2500 | X | |
| 13 | YAQUE DOWN | 150 | ||
| 14 | EL JAGUAL (EL YAGUAL) | 385 | ||
| fifteen | SAINT ANA | SD | ||
| 6589 | ||||
| YUJO MICRO-BASIN | ||||
| 16 | THE CAFES | 202 | X | |
| 17 | NARROW | 650 | ||
| 18 | MATA CADILLO | 185 | X | |
| 19 | KOROCYTE | 321 | X | |
| twenty | ESTANCITA | 750 | X | |
| twenty-one | THE ANIMAS | 226 | ||
| 22 | THE JOSADEROS | 104 | ||
| 2. 3 | THE MOUNTAINS | 375 | X | |
| 24 | THE CABIRMAS | 90 | ||
| 25 | COMPADRE PASCUAL | 125 | X | |
| 26 | PLAIN OF JUMUNUCU | 36 | X | |
| 3064 | ||||
| ZONAL HATILLO NUCLEUS | ||||
| MICRO-BASIN FIG | ||||
| 27 | THE ASH | 260 | ||
| 28 | HATILLO | 340 | X | |
| 29 | THE FIGS | 1080 | X | |
| 30 | THE MAHOGANY | 136 | X | |
| 31 | CRUISE | 420 | ||
| 32 | WHITE STONE | 370 | X | |
| 33 | YAGUA PRESS | 200 | ||
| 3. 4 | THE GUAMA BELOW | 110 | X | |
| 35 | LOMA FIRME | 305 | ||
| 36 | LA GUAMITA | 332 | ||
| 37 | RANCHO LA VACA | 320 | ||
| 38 | VELASQUITO | 500 | ||
| 39 | PINEAPPLE | 180 | ||
| 40 | THE INDIVIDUAL | 334 | X | |
| 41 | THE COFFEE | 70 | ||
| 4957 | ||||
| ZONAL CORE LOW PASS | ||||
| MICROCUENCA EL SALTO | ||||
| 42 | JARABACOA URBAN AREA | 27370 | X | |
| 43 | THE COCOA | 58 | ||
| 44 | THE JAGUA | 505 | ||
| Four. Five | WHITE STONE | 1467 | X | |
| 46 | SABANETA | 800 | ||
| 47 | THE COCOA | 0 | ||
| 29400 | ||||
| MICRO-BASIN JIMENOA | ||||
| 48 | THE MANACLA | 173 | X | |
| 49 | MASIPEDRO | 280 | ||
| fifty | LOS SALTADEROS | 115 | X | |
| 51 | THE SALT | 150 | ||
| 52 | LOW STEP | 300 | X | |
| 53 | THE PITA | 625 | X | |
| 54 | ROUND | 203 | ||
| 1846 | ||||
| BAIGUATE MICRO-BASIN | ||||
| 55 | RANCH STREAM | 123 | X | |
| 56 | THE GUAYABO | 35 | ||
| 57 | LA VACA STREAM | 125 | X | |
| 58 | THE SORROW | 0 | ||
| 59 | THE FRISA | 265 | ||
| 60 | PEDREGAL | 2816 | X | |
| 61 | LA PITA STREAM | 120 | ||
| 62 | THE WILLOWS | 0 | ||
| 3484 | ||||
| EL RIO NUCLEO ZONAL | ||||
| MICROCUENCA LA PALMA | ||||
| 63 | LAS PALMAS OR LAS PALOMAS | 600 | ||
| 64 | PRIETO STREAM | 3,500 | X | |
| 65 | FENCED STREAM | 356 | X | |
| 66 | EL ARROYAZO (ARROYO DEL TORO) | 285 | ||
| 4741 | ||||
| MICROCUENCA LA DESCUBIERTA | ||||
| 67 | EL CHICHARRON | 877 | X | |
| 68 | THE DISCOVERY | 355 | X | |
| 69 | MONTAZOS DE ARROYO BONITO | 325 | X | |
| 70 | LA YEGUA | 48 | ||
| 71 | THE NUTS | 258 | ||
| 72 | SANDY | 175 | X | |
| 73 | ALTO DE LOS PINOS | 0 | ||
| 2038 | ||||
| MICROCUENCA ALTO JIMENOA | ||||
| 74 | THE STYLE | 75 | ||
| 75 | COLD STREAM | 1610 | X | |
| 76 | THE CASTLE | 157 | X | |
| 77 | THE RIVER | 3,500 | X | |
| 78 | THE PARROT | 300 | ||
| 79 | THE SANCHEZ | 885 | X | |
| 80 | THE TOP | 500 | ||
| 81 | THE POMITO | 5 | ||
| 82 | THE AVOCADO | 380 | ||
| 83 | THE WHITE COW | 0 | ||
| 7412 | ||||
| ZONAL NUCLEO MANABAO | ||||
| LA GUAZARA MICROWATCH | ||||
| 84 | THE COROZOS | 66 | ||
| 85 | WHITE STICK | 3000 | X | |
| 86 | LA CIENAGUITA | 171 | X | |
| 87 | LA MAJAGUITA | 179 | ||
| 88 | THE HOSE OR BUZZER | 10 | ||
| 89 | LA MAJAGUITA PASS | 24 | X | |
| 90 | L0S PUMPKIN | 150 | X | |
| 91 | PINAR BURNED | 9000 | X | |
| 92 | LA GUAZARA | 300 | X | |
| 93 | THE STRIP | 29 | ||
| 12929 | ||||
| MICRO-BASIN LOS DAJAOS | ||||
| 94 | SWEET STREAM | 186 | X | |
| 95 | RANCHO DEL RIO | 9 | X | |
| 96 | JOSAFA | 10 | X | |
| 97 | LOS MARRANITOS | 140 | X | |
| 98 | LOSE THEM | 600 | X | |
| 99 | DOVE | 0 | X | |
| 945 | ||||
| MICROCUENCA ARROYO GRANDE | ||||
| 100 | MANABAO | 2000 | X | |
| 101 | COFFEE MATT | 325 | X | |
| 102 | BIRDIE | 173 | ||
| 103 | THE ANGOSTURA | 360 | ||
| 104 | PINE DEL RAYO | 90 | X | |
| 2948 | ||||
| MICROCUENCA ARROYO FRIO | ||||
| 105 | THE SWAMP | 288 | X | |
| 106 | COLD STREAM | 90 | X | |
| 107 | LEMON MATA | 300 | X | |
| 108 | THE JEWEL OF RAMON | 420 | X | |
| 1098 | ||||
| MICROCUENCA LA CIGUA | ||||
| 109 | FIG | 26 | ||
| 110 | THE TEAPOT'S JEWEL | 39 | ||
| 65 | ||||
| EL ARRAIJAN MICROWATCH | ||||
| 111 | EL ARRAIJAN | 230 | ||
| 230 | ||||
| MICRO-BASIN THE PLANKS | ||||
| 112 | THE PLANKS | 54 | ||
| 54 |
The communities identified as priorities during the TDACs were based mainly on the number of "critical areas" (considering only biophysical aspects) that they presented, the summary table is presented below:
Table No. 4: Communities identified as priorities in TDAC
| Correlative | Zonal cores | Micro basin | Community | Critical Areas |
| one | La Guama / Jumunuco | |||
| 1.1 | The Caimito | |||
| 1.1.1 | The Caimito | 1. Hillside agriculture and livestock;
2. Advancement of the peri-urban zone in the area of the dams; 3. Bad design of ecotourism centers in the dam area; 4. Bad design of main and urban roads. |
||
| 1.1.2 | The Jagual | |||
| 1.1.3 | Avocado | |||
| 1.2 | The Yujo | 1. Hillside agriculture;
2. Opening of roads to poorly designed agricultural and livestock farms; 3. On the use of pesticides. |
||
| 1.2.1 | La Estancita | |||
| 1.2.2 | The Corocito | |||
| 1.2.3 | Plain of Jumunuco | |||
| 1.2.4 | Compadre Pascual |
| Correlative | Zonal cores | Micro basin | Community | Critical Areas |
| two | Hatillo | |||
| 2.1 | The Higüero | |||
| 2.1.1 | White stone | 1. Hillside agriculture and livestock;
2. Advancement of the peri-urban zone; 3. Bad design of ecotourism centers; 4. Bad design of main and urban roads. |
||
| 2.1.2 | The ash | |||
| 2.1.3 | Pineapple | |||
| 3 | Low Step | |||
| 3.1 | The jump | |||
| 3.1.1 | Jarabacoa | 1. Construction of infrastructure and displacement of agricultural and livestock production areas;
2. Development of construction standards for home and tourist infrastructure; 3. Silvopastoral production alternatives; 4. Reforestation |
||
| 3.1.2 | Sabaneta | |||
| 3.2 | Half Jimenoa | |||
| 3.2.1 | Low Step | 1. Water erosion;
2. Hillside agriculture. |
||
| 3.2.2 | Round | |||
| 3.2.3 | The pita |
| Correlative | Zonal cores | Micro basin | Community | Critical Areas |
| 3.3 | Baiguate | |||
| 3.3.1 | Arroyo el Rancho | 1. Change of land use;
2. Construction of urban infrastructure; 3.. Poorly designed roads. |
||
| 3.3.2 | Arroyo La Pita | |||
| 3.3.3 | The sorrow | |||
| 4 | The river | |||
| 4.1 | The Palm | |||
| 4.1.1 | The Palm | 1. Deforestation;
2. Change of land use; 3. Bad design of rural roads. |
||
| 4.2 | The Discovered | |||
| 4.2.1 | The Discovered | 1. Water erosion due to deforestation, cultivation and livestock on the hillside;
2. Grassland fires (affecting in some cases natural forests and reforestation); 3. Bad design of rural roads; 4. Extraction of lithic material. |
||
| 4.2.2 | Sandy | |||
| 4.2.3 | The Chicharrón | |||
| 4.3 | Alto Jimenoa | |||
| 4.3.1 | Cold Stream | 1. Water erosion;
2. Pollution by agrochemicals; 3. Hillside agriculture. |
||
| 4.3.2 | The river | |||
| 4.3.3 | The Sanchez | |||
| 4.3.4 | The parrot |
| Correlative | Zonal cores | Micro basin | Community | Critical Areas |
| 5 | Manabao | |||
| 5.1 | La Guazara | |||
| 5.1.1 | La Guazara | 1. Hillside agriculture and livestock;
2. Advancement of the peri-urban zone; 3. Bad design of ecotourism centers; 4. Bad design of main and urban roads. |
||
| 5.1.2 | La Majaguita Pass | |||
| 5.1.3 | La Pelada | |||
| 5.2 | The Dajaos | |||
| 5.2.1 | Flat Stone | 1. Extensive livestock farming;
2. Tayota monoculture; 3. Deforestation; 4. Construction of rural roads; 5. Overuse of micro-basin flows. |
||
| 5.2.2 | Josafa | |||
| 5.2.3 | Dove | |||
| 5.3 | Arroyo Grande | |||
| 5.3.1 | Manabao | 1. Change in land use due to deforestation;
2. Construction of infrastructure for tourism; 3. Bad design of rural roads; 4. Extraction of construction materials. |
||
| 5.3.2 | The umbrella | |||
| 5.3.3 | Lightning Pine |
| Correlative | Zonal cores | Micro basin | Community | Critical Areas |
| 5.4 | Cold Stream | |||
| 5.4.1 | The swamp | 1. Change in land use due to deforestation;
2. Tourism infrastructure constructions; 3. Bad design of rural roads. |
||
| 5.4.2 | Mata de Limón | |||
| 5.5 | La Cigua | |||
| 5.5.1 | FIG | 1. Change in land use due to deforestation;
2. Extensive livestock. |
Out of a total of 111 CAY communities, 38 are identified in a participatory manner as "priority communities", theoretically short-term actions should be taken to mitigate, correct and / or restore the "critical areas" identified by the community and logically at the micro-basin level. Guide the prioritization of activities to priority micro-basins and communities within the framework of the “territorial ordering” process, proposing “strategic projects”.
6 .2 Classification of critical areas of the CAY
During the development of the TDACs, at the community level, the participants' knowledge framework should be strengthened with regard to identifying a "critical area", since traditionally "participatory workshops" are aimed at identifying "needs "And / or social and economic" problems "of the communities, in very few occasions or almost never the" territory "is seen in the foreground and the areas of ecological sensitivity and / or critical areas as a" problem "where they should to carry out activities to mitigate, correct and / or restore.
In number 6.3 of this document, the identified "critical areas" will be presented by micro-basin, for which reason it is necessary to visually refer to the main areas of ecological sensitivity, considered as "critical areas", which are presented in a subsequent photograph sequence, globally identified as figure No. 5.
Figure No.5: Classification of critical areas
- Poor design of rural roads Gullies and landslides due to water erosion Extraction of lithic material Deforestation Extensive livestock farming on the hillside Agriculture on forests Forest fires and / or use of fire for agriculture Loss of gallery or riparian forest Urban and peri-urban growth
6.3 Identification and prioritization of critical areas by micro-watershed
6.3.1 Technical Data Sheets for Micro-watersheds of the La Guama Zonal Nucleus
6.3.2 Micro-watersheds of the Zonal Hatillo Nucleus
6.3.3 Technical data sheets for micro-basins of the Zonal Nucleus Low Step
6.3.4 Technical data sheets of micro-basins of the El Rio Zonal Nucleus
6.3.5 Manabao Nucleus microbasin technical sheets
- Conclusions
- In the process of elaborating the Diagnosis of Critical Areas of the CAY, 61 communities of the 112 communities that make up the CAY participated; Of the 112 communities that make up the CAY and that are located in the 18 microbasin, 38 are considered as priorities, Due to the number of critical areas identified by community, it is necessary to guide actions that allow the mitigation, correction and / or restoration of the "critical areas" identified by community and micro-basin, for this they must be identified through a "second round of workshops DAC ", the solution proposals that the local actors themselves present; It is important to generate a second round of DAC workshops, which allows the physical and georeferenced identification of the" critical areas "identified and prioritized by micro-basin and community,In order that together they are physically located and decisions are made that allow their future mitigation, correction and / or restoration, it is necessary to consider that the "critical areas" are a starting point for the development of specific actions within a project like PROCARYN, whose design, objectives and indicators are purely for the management and conservation of natural resources within the geographical framework of a hydrographic basin, for which the identification of critical areas is necessary to focus actions that reduce the level of erodability and runoff that directly affects the quality and quantity of water in the Yaque del Norte River The main critical biophysical areas identified in order of priority are: 1. Bad design of rural roads; 2. Gullies and / or landslides; 3. Extraction of lithic material; Four.Deforestation; 5. Extensive livestock farming on the hillside; 6. Hillside agriculture; 7. Forest fires; 8. Loss of gallery forest (riverside); and 9. Expansion of the urban and peri-urban zone, although a constant in the 08 DAC workshops cannot be considered a “critical biophysical area”, at the level of prioritization was the problem of inadequate management of “solid waste”.
- Bibliography
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