Ergonomics is basically a technology of practical and interdisciplinary application, based on scientific research, which aims at the integral optimization of Men-Machine Systems, which will always be composed of one or more human beings fulfilling any task with the help of one or more more "machines" (we define with this generic term all kinds of tools, industrial machines themselves, vehicles, computers, household appliances, etc.). By integral optimization we mean obtaining a systemic structure (and its corresponding dynamic behavior), for each interacting set of men and machines, that simultaneously and conveniently satisfies the following three fundamental criteria:
* Participation: of human beings in terms of technological creativity, management, remuneration, comfort and psychosocial roles.
* Production: in everything related to the productive effectiveness and efficiency of the Men-Machine System (in short: productivity and quality).
* Protection: of the Man Subsystems (industrial safety and occupational hygiene), of the Machine Subsystems (accidents, failures, breakdowns, etc.) and of the environment (collective security, ecology, etc.)
This paradigm of the «3 Ps» can be interpreted very graphically and simply with the image of a tripod that supports an ergonomically optimized Human-Machine System; If that tripod were missing even one of its three legs (that is, it was designed considering only any two of the 3 P listed above), everything would collapse (the ergonomic optimization intended in the design would not be fulfilled).
The extent to which these three criteria have been established requires, for their implementation, the integration of various fields of action that in the past were developed separately and even in opposition. Those fields of action were mainly:
- Improvement of the physical work environment (comfort and occupational hygiene) Design of tools, machinery and facilities from the point of view of their user Structuring of work methods and procedures in general (for performance and safety) Selection Professional training and job training Assessment of tasks and positions Industrial psychosociology (and, more generally, business)
Naturalmente, una intervención ergonómica considera a todos esos factores en forma conjunta e interrelacionada.
Además, se ha desarrollado desde hace ya un tiempo una ampliación del concepto ergonómico, dando lugar a la «macroergonomía», la que es conceptualizada como la optimización ergonómica de los Sistemas Hombres-Máquinas desde el punto de vista organizacional y últimamente se encuentra en pleno desarrollo la «ecoergonomía», ampliando aún más el campo de la optimización ergonómica.
To practice ergonomics, therefore, it is necessary to possess a good interdisciplinary relationship capacity, a keen analytical spirit, a high degree of creative synthesis, the essential scientific knowledge and, above all, a firm will to help workers to achieve that their work is as painless as possible and that it produces greater satisfaction both for themselves and for society as a whole.
- Theoretical framework
Ergonomics
The word ERGONOMICS is derived from the Greek words "ergos", which means work, and "nomos", laws; so it literally means "labor laws", and we can say that it is the multidisciplinary activity that is responsible for the study of the behavior and activities of people, in order to adapt products, systems, jobs and environments to the characteristics, limitations and needs of its users, seeking to optimize their efficiency, safety and comfort.
Although there are different classifications of the areas where the work of ergonomists intervenes, in general we can consider the following:
- Anthropometry Biomechanics and physiology Environmental ergonomics Cognitive ergonomics Design and evaluation ergonomics Specific needs ergonomics Preventive ergonomics
Anthropometry
Anthropometry is one of the areas that underpins ergonomics, and deals with measurements of the human body that refer to body size, shapes, strength, and work capacity.
In ergonomics, anthropometric data are used to design workspaces, tools, safety equipment and personal protection, considering the differences between the characteristics, capabilities and physical limits of the human body.
The dimensions of the human body have been a recurring theme throughout the history of humanity; a widely known example is that of Leonardo da Vinci's drawing, where the figure of a man is circumscribed within a square and a circle, where it is a question of describing the proportions of the "perfect" human being. However, the differences between the proportions and dimensions of human beings did not allow us to find an accurate model to describe the size and proportions of humans.
The anthropometric studies that have been carried out refer to a specific population, such as men or women, and in different age ranges.
Biomechanical Ergonomics Biomechanics
is the area of ergonomics that is dedicated to the study of the human body from the point of view of classical or Newtonian mechanics, and biology, but is also based on the body of knowledge of occupational medicine, the physiology, anthropometry. and anthropology.
Its main objective is the study of the body in order to obtain maximum performance, solve some type of disability, or design tasks and activities so that most people can perform them without risk of damage or injury.
Some of the problems in which biomechanics have intensified their research has been the manual movement of loads, and repetitive microtrauma or accumulated trauma disorders.
One of the areas where the participation of biomechanical specialists is important is in the evaluation and redesign of tasks and jobs for people who have suffered injuries or have presented problems due to repetitive micro-trauma, since a person who has been incapacitated by this Type of problems should not return to the same job without having carried out an evaluation and the pertinent modifications, as it is very likely that the damage suffered is irreversible and will be suffered in a short time. In the same way, it is convenient to evaluate the task and the position where the injury occurred, since in the event that another person occupies it, there is a high possibility that they will suffer the same damage after spending time in the activity.
Environmental Ergonomics Environmental
ergonomics is the area of ergonomics that is responsible for the study of the physical conditions that surround the human being and that influence their performance when performing various activities, such as the thermal environment, noise level, lighting level and vibrations.
The application of the knowledge of environmental ergonomics helps the design and evaluation of jobs and workstations, in order to increase the performance, safety and comfort of those who work in them.
Cognitive Ergonomics
Ergonomists in the cognitive area deal with issues such as the process of receiving signals and information, the ability to process it and act based on the information obtained, knowledge and previous experience.
The interaction between the human and the machines or systems depends on an exchange of information in both directions between the operator and the system since the operator controls the actions of the system or the machine through the information that he enters and the actions that performed on this, but it is also necessary to consider that the system feeds certain information to the user through signals, to indicate the status of the process or the conditions of the system.
The study of signal reception and interpretation problems became important during the Second World War, as it was the time when more complex equipment was developed compared to those known up to now.
This area of ergonomics has great application in the design and evaluation of software, control panels, and teaching materials.
Ergonomics Of Design And Evaluation
Ergonomists in the area of design and evaluation participate during the design and evaluation of equipment, systems and workspaces; His contribution uses as a basis concepts and data obtained in anthropometric measurements, biomechanical evaluations, sociological characteristics and customs of the population to which the design is directed.
When designing or evaluating a workspace, it is important to consider that a person may need to use more than one workstation to carry out their activity, in the same way, that more than one person can use the same workspace in different periods of time. time, so it is necessary to take into account the differences between users in terms of size, throw distances, strength and visual capacity, so that most users can do their work safely and efficiently.
By considering the ranges and capabilities of most users in the design of workplaces, safety and work equipment, as well as work tools and devices, it helps to reduce unnecessary effort and stress on workers, thereby increasing worker safety, efficiency and productivity.
The human is the most flexible part of the system, so the operator can generally cover the deficiencies of the equipment, but this requires time, attention and ingenuity, which reduces its efficiency and productivity, as well as it can develop injuries, microtrauma repetitive or some other type of problem, after a period of time to be supplying these deficiencies.
In general, we can say that the operator's performance is better when he is freed from distracting elements that compete for his attention with the main task, since when it is required to dedicate part of the mental or physical effort to handle environmental distractors, there is less energy available for productive work.
Ergonomics of Specific Needs
The area of ergonomics of specific needs focuses mainly on the design and development of equipment for people with physical disabilities, for children and schools, and the design of autonomous micro-environments.
The difference that these specific groups present is mainly that their members cannot be treated in a "general" way, since the characteristics and conditions for each are different, or they are designs that are made for a unique situation and a specific user.
Preventive Ergonomics Preventive
Ergonomics is the area of ergonomics that works closely with the disciplines in charge of safety and hygiene in work areas. Among its main activities is the study and analysis of the conditions of safety, health and work comfort.
Specialists in the area of preventive ergonomics also collaborate with other ergonomics specialties in the analysis of tasks, such as biomechanics and physiology for the evaluation of effort and muscle fatigue, determination of work and rest time, etc.
- A look at macroergonomics
Prof. Ing. Osvaldo C. Bellettini
Anyone interested in the subject of industrial organization (and especially in the study of work) knows at least succinctly what Ergonomics is, so we will not elaborate on details about this technology, of which we will only say that it has the objective to optimize man (s) - machine (s) systems through the interdisciplinary application of scientific knowledge and that this optimization must always be comprehensive, respecting the basic criteria of Participation, Production and Protection in a joint and interrelated manner. But since the title above refers to "other" Ergonomics, we believe it necessary to explain how Macroergonomics was derived from the initial Ergonomics and, above all, why this extension occurred with respect to the original field of analysis.
Going back in time, we can cite as a very valid antecedent of Macroergonomics what Maurice de Montmollin exposed in his work "LES SYSTEMES HOMMES-MACHINES - Introduction à l'ergonomie" by Presses Universitaires de France, 1967 (whose Spanish translation was published by Aguilar Ediciones with the title «Introduction to ergonomics», Madrid, 1971). In this publication Montmollin makes a clear distinction between what he calls the "man-machine system" and the "man-machine system"; he says verbatim: «This distinction seems so important that, as it will be seen, the scheme of this work revolves around it. It corresponds to different practical problems and also to different methods. ' And he continues: «The man-machine system (singular) is the workplace: a man and a machine.The turner (which is always cited) constitutes a man-machine system, and the same is true of the airplane pilot, the cable assembler, the dentist, etc. The ergonomic problems that concern the workplace only concern the two elements of said pair, arbitrarily isolated; But it is a necessary arbitrariness from the methodological point of view. As will be seen, the models used to analyze the job are generally of the EOR type; stimulus - organism - response. The analysis of the central term is important, since the ergonomist modifies the human organism or adapts the machine to it. He then adds: «The man-machine system (plural) is a system in the broadest sense: a set of human and non-human elements subjected to interactions. So,It is worth mentioning the control tower with the planes it controls, or the set formed by a ship, or the printing press with the operators in charge of managing and maintaining it, or also the operating room with the patient, the surgeon, their assistants and their devices. The ergonomic problems that affect complex systems comprise a large number of variables, which cannot be studied in isolation. The models used to analyze man - machine systems are, in general, of the ER type: stimulus - response. The human operator is viewed as a unit (a 'black box') that is not intended to be directly analyzed or modified. In this case, the problem is rather to find the best arrangement of the different elements among themselves. It further says: »… we believe that, from a methodological point of view,The previous distinction is essential, especially because it allows, from the beginning of a study, to place problems on different levels and, therefore, to order them. Whenever possible, you should start with the ergonomics of the man-machine system and not address the ergonomics of the workplace until later. Otherwise, you run the risk of realizing too late that the post you have been studying for a long time has been abolished in the meantime. "you run the risk of realizing too late that the position you have been studying for a long time has been abolished in the meantime. "you run the risk of realizing too late that the position you have been studying for a long time has been abolished in the meantime. "
Currently Macroergonomics works on the analysis and design of entire organizations, as we will see below. For our part, we reserve the name of man (s) - machine (s) systems to designate them up to the workgroup level, that is, sets of human subsystems and machine subsystems that interact in a limited environment within the company, simultaneously considering both the individual jobs and the teams they make up, as we believe that the structure of the former always depends on the action of the other components of the group to which they belong. This application to work groups (and within it to individual positions) is often called by some authors "Microergonomics" to distinguish it from Macroergonomics,But that designation carries the danger that someone will believe that they are two separate tasks, when in truth, as we will see below, all these actions simply constitute the application of ergonomic technology to systems that are hierarchically related to each other (that is, some they are included in others and the former as such constitute the latter).
In workgroup ergonomics a basic systemic principle is scrupulously respected: individual optimization of subsystems in no way ensures optimization of the total system. But in reality, this principle can also be applied to the entire company system, which is why the partial achievements of workgroup ergonomics are tarnished by this global approach; It remains then to apply it to the entire company system, a task that Macro-ergonomics must face, which is fundamentally based for this on the general ergonomic system but now expanded to the entire business organization. Macroergonomics is also assisted by all the previous achievements regarding the organizational theme obtained by the science of Administration,which it does not reject a priori but, on the contrary, assimilates as far as possible (and above all congruent) with its fundamental theoretical and operational principles. It also makes use of everything useful that business economics, occupational psychology, industrial engineering, organizational sociology, etc. can provide. It should not be forgotten that one of the main virtues of Ergonomics in general and of Macroergonomics in particular is their deep multidisciplinary emphasis, which makes them effective tools that link and synergize much of what other disciplines have obtained in isolation. Therefore, the reader should not be surprised if, once fully introduced to macroergonomic technology,finds many elements belonging to other fields of human knowledge (those that are not "original and exclusive achievements" of Macroergonomics, as perhaps an erroneous conceptualization of it could make him suppose it was an indispensable condition for the justification of its existence as a discipline scientific-technological).
The transition from Ergonomics «limited to the work group» to one «open to the organization» occurred gradually but firmly, as a consequence of the gap then existing between the techniques of business organization, of clear administrative origin, and those of optimization of the work, ergonomic base. There was no methodological bridge that would overcome this gap and allow a comprehensive study that, starting with the reason for being of the company itself, ended with the optimization of the individual positions of each man - machine system that was part of it. This methodological bridge is provided by Ergonomics as long as it respects three fundamental conditions:
* To be truly multidisciplinary, which allows it to cover all the phenomena of the company that constitute variables for its optimization or restrictions that must be respected in it
* To be systemic, that is, to develop on a cybernetic conceptualization of the company system, to be able to continue with its subsystems and so on to the elementary man-machine systems referred to by Montmollin.
* Be multidimensional, which implies that the variables on which it works may correspond to dissimilar measurement and evaluation criteria and be expressed in different units, being able, however, to arrive at a single convenience index for each design alternative, in which they are All criteria and all corresponding variables represented.
It is interesting to see if there really is an ergonomics that complies with these three very strict and important conditions and, therefore, is suitable for studying or designing exhaustively and completely all the systems we have talked about. To do this, we must refer in greater detail to each of these conditions.
Multidisciplinarity in Ergonomics
At present there are different professions that attack the problem of the optimization of man (s) - machine (s) systems from different angles, which certainly depend on the thematic and methodological basis of each specialty. From administration or management ("management"), through labor relations, labor economics, method engineering, occupational hygiene, industrial safety, occupational psychology, production programming and control, the design of machines and installations, job training and training, industrial sociology, job evaluation, etc., each of these specialties has both the virtue and the defect of being exactly that: a specialty.In order to coordinate their sincere and often conflicting efforts to improve man (s) - machine (s) systems, a truly general discipline is required, with a basic methodology that allows congruently to "explain" the multiple variables that inevitably derive. of all those different approaches; In our opinion, this very important role is reserved for ergonomics, as long as this methodological basis is firmly founded and its applicability to everyday cases does not raise doubts. What we affirm here implies not only that the «specific activity» (the optimization of the man (s) - machine (s) systems up to the group level) of Ergonomics must always be interdisciplinary, but even more:which must be able to constitute the conceptual mortar of union between all the specialties already partially mentioned (those that, on the other hand, sometimes exercise an extreme "professionalism" that seems more authoritarian, supported by circumstances supported by legislation obtained according to the "Weight" of the professional corporations that fight for them), in order to coordinate their actions at the business level.
Systemic ergonomics
The cybernetic concept of Relatively Isolated System (SRA) is fully and fruitfully applicable both to a company and to any of its subsystems, even down to the level of the man (s) - machine (s) system and even to its components (man subsystem, machine subsystem, working environment subsystem, etc.). For this reason, all the conceptual and operational baggage of cybernetics is extremely useful in the treatment of ergonomic systems of any level; concepts such as inputs and outputs, stimuli and responses, reaction times, transfer functions, couplings, feedback, etc., etc. they provide a fundamental methodological basis for ergonomic analysis, diagnosis and design. But it is in Macroergonomics where the concept of hierarchical systems acquires fundamental importance,understood that hierarchy as the inclusion of a system in another assuming the first the missions and functions of a component of the second. This concept of hierarchical systems makes it possible to define a certain reference system as a zero level and to establish in a definite and practical way, according to criteria to be adopted in each case, the corresponding hierarchies that link it with its metasystems (those that, because they are at a systemic level) higher, include it) and with its subsystems (lower level and included in the reference system).This basic property of "vertical" linkage of hierarchical systems is what allows the continuity of macroergonomic analyzes from the level of the company's environment (the company's meta-system) to the level of the components of the individual jobs (usually the lower subsystems). Another fundamental cybernetic concept in the treatment of hierarchical systems is that of the missions and functions of each of these systems and the possibility of a natural chain of the same within each systemic hierarchy.
Multidimensionality in Ergonomics
We have said that the Ergonomics of work groups or man (s) - machine (s) systems should always respect three basic criteria in their designs and solutions: Participation, Production and Protection. In turn, these criteria can be separated into partial sub-criteria. The Participation criterion can be broken down into the sub-criteria of occupation, creative participation, economic participation, psychosocial participation and decisional participation. In turn, the Production criterion may have a first division into sub-criteria of effectiveness and efficiency; efficiency can be further subdivided into second-order sub-criteria of production rate, total quality, operational reliability, and operational and strategic flexibilities;efficiency is usually composed of the sub-criteria of annual unit investment cost and annual unit operating cost. For its part, the Protection criterion admits a first division into two basic sub-criteria: risk and comfort; The risk sub-criterion can be applied in turn to the man subsystems, to the machine subsystems, to the remaining workgroup subsystems and to the environment meta-system of the analyzed system; the comfort criterion is applied to the man subsystems, to the remaining workgroup subsystems and to the environment metasystem. If the reader is mathematically very curious, he will count the second order subsystems that we have mentioned above and find that they add up to eighteen,But what is really interesting about this list of criteria is the fact that the quantification of the variables that correspond to them must be carried out using different units of measurement, which include qualitative-quantitative scales (similar to the scores of our classic oral or written exams), numerical of the number of man subsystems for each man (s) - machine (s) subsystem, to quantifications of units produced per unit of time, at failure rate expressed in per unit, at costs expressed in monetary units per unit produced, etc. Then, any judgment of convenience on an ergonomic design alternative (either partial at any level or integral in all hierarchical systems) must be made using multidimensional evaluation methodologies,like those that Ergonomics has within its baggage of tools. Naturally, when the system level is changed, the evaluation criteria of the corresponding ergonomic solutions also change. At the level of the company system (corresponding to Macroergonomics), these organizational criteria tend to be different depending on the evaluator; We habitually use three basic criteria: efficiency under conditions of stability, operational elasticity and strategic adaptability, which correspond in that order to short, medium and long-term time horizons and also to characteristics of variation in the environment ranging from stable a variable quantitatively and qualitatively (and also quantitatively) unstable. Depending on the types of markets, production technologies, legal regimes,social characteristics, ecological restrictions, preferential tendencies, labor relations, etc., the macroergonomic designer will assign the relevance to the criteria that he has adopted and based on them and the effects (or performances) of the different alternatives developed You will be able to evaluate them comparatively and choose the most convenient one among them.
Application methodology
We will not go into the detail of macroergonomic operations in this presentation. We will only indicate that the same part of a characterization of the environment in which the company will operate at present and in a prospective future. Based on the adoption of scenarios corresponding to the environment considered as the higher-level metasystem, the basic missions of the company are established (what the company will provide to the society that is the recipient of its "outputs") and the restrictions imposed. for ethical, labor, ecological, technological, financial, commercial, legal considerations, etc. According to the systemic methodology, the functions of the company system are established (considered as a reference or zero-level system) and to ensure its effectiveness, the missions of the first level of subsystems are determined;This continues until reaching the lower level of subsystems adopted as the basis of organizational design. The functions of all the subsystems of this level constitute a set that must be disaggregated into organizational units (usually managerial or equivalent level). Based on the paradigms of the company (its «culture» as a sociotechnical entity) and also on other multidimensional considerations, a basic organizational scheme is adopted for each of these units (functional, geographical, by product, by project, matrix, by networks, etc.) and proceed to structure them from the organizational point of view, by aggregating the functions previously determined, also according to the degree of decentralization adopted.Only after successfully completing this organizational design is it possible to draw up an organization chart and a manual of missions and functions, now for the organizational units. But it usually happens that the solutions for this organizational design are not unique and usually two or more different alternatives are developed. To evaluate these alternatives, dynamic multidimensional strategic evaluation methodologies are used, in which the decision factors collect all the aspects considered relevant in the present and in the future by the management of the company, as has already been advanced when talking about the usable criteria. The respective indices of convenience obtained allow a rational and informed choice of the organizational structure to adopt. It doesn't end there thoughthe application of Macroergonomics to the company; It also allows the development of the distribution of industrial equipment in the plant, considering multidimensional decision factors. Once this stage is finished, the Ergonomics of man (s) - machine (s) or "work groups" comes into action, optimizing these systems with the usual ergonomic techniques and simultaneously considering the environmental conditions of work and hygiene, work methods or procedures with integrated safety, ergonomic design of tools, machinery and facilities, professional selection, job training and training, industrial sociometry, job evaluation, etc. In these cases, as already stated, the Participation criteria are applied for optimization,Production and Protection.
As can be seen in this brief synthesis of the macroergonomic methodology, it allows to consider all the metasystems, systems and subsystems involved, from the higher metasystem (company environment) to the man (s) -machine (s) subsystems as groups. elementals. All this based on well-founded considerations and effective operational methodologies, with a clear multidisciplinary cut, that allow participation in the entire analysis of the different sectors and professional approaches of the company, solving conflicts at the very origin of the organizational structure and avoiding with future friction and interference.
And then?
Just as the house has been defined as "a machine for living" (Le Corbusier), we can also define the organization as "a machine for doing" and "doing" always implies deciding before action. For this reason, it is extremely important that there is total congruence between the paradigms that based the organization's design and the paradigms on which the decisions that will be made over time are based. The use of Macroergonomics in the systemic analysis and in the organizational design of any company or entity allows us to introduce into the corresponding methodology the paradigms of those who advocate its constitution and who, once it is carried out, will almost certainly be those who direct them.The correspondence between the design and the subsequent management of an organization is ensured if Decisional Ergonomics methodologies are used for planning and programming decisions in the company. Said methodologies are also systemic, multidimensional and paradigmatic, allowing the adoption of congruent decisions by multidisciplinary groups, with a very special emphasis on creativity; This is not the occasion to elaborate on these methodologies, but we simply warn here about the convenience of this synergistic conjunction Macroergonomics - Decision Ergonomics in any organization. Also,Part of these methodologies (especially the one related to the determination and quantification of decision factors and the evaluation of the appropriateness of the alternatives) is already used in the organizational design itself
- Author's Applications
There are different classifications of the areas where the ergonomist's work intervenes, in general we can consider the following:
- Anthropometry Biomechanics and physiology Environmental ergonomics Cognitive ergonomics Design and evaluation ergonomics Specific needs ergonomics
Ergonomics is important because it allows us to adapt the environment in which you live and work to suit your specific needs, each person is different. It provides you with techniques to minimize the physical impact of your daily activities, to provide a comfortable environment at work and at home in which you can be productive.
- Interview
What is ergonomics?
The word ERGONOMY is derived from the Greek words "ergos", which means work, and "nomos", laws; so it literally means "labor laws", and we can say that it is the multidisciplinary activity that is responsible for the study of the behavior and activities of people, in order to adapt products, systems, jobs and environments to the characteristics, limitations and needs of its users, seeking to optimize their efficiency, safety and comfort.
What are the three fundamental criteria that ergonomics has?
Participation: of human beings in terms of technological creativity, management, remuneration, comfort and psychosocial roles.
Production: in everything related to the productive effectiveness and efficiency of the Men-Machine System (in short: productivity and quality).
Protection: of the Man Subsystems (industrial safety and occupational hygiene), of the Machine Subsystems (accidents, failures, breakdowns, etc.) and of the environment (collective security, ecology, etc.
What are the fields in which the three fundamental criteria of ergonomics are put into practice?
Those fields of action are mainly:
- Improvement of the physical work environment (comfort and occupational hygiene) Design of tools, machinery and facilities from the point of view of their user Structuring of work methods and procedures in general (for performance and safety) Selection Professional training and job training Assessment of tasks and positions Industrial psychosociology (and, more generally, business)
Naturally, an ergonomic intervention considers all these factors together and interrelated.
Because you believe. What is ergonomics important?
It allows you to tailor the environment in which you live and work to suit your specific needs. Every person is different…
Provides you with techniques to minimize the physical impact of your daily activities.
It helps to provide you with a comfortable environment at work and at home in which you can be productive.
What is known as: ergonomic risk factors?
The conditions of an activity that increases the possibility of the development of a strain / sprain or S / S, or an MSD (Musculoskeletal Disorder), some of them are: Static Load, the repetition, misuse of force or poor contact pressure, and abnormal postures during daily work activities.
In your opinion, what are some basic recommendations to minimize these Ergomic risk factors?
Some recommendations to minimize these factors:
Minimize abnormal postures. Maintain a normal posture
Avoid excessive use of force
Minimize repetitions
Minimize contact pressure
Mostly, what are the most common ergonomics-related injuries?
Sprains and tears Musculoskeletal
disorder
What would be the best way to prevent these injuries?
Keep in mind the early report of any musculoskeletal pain and / or discomfort to your supervisor and go to the infirmary
What are the benefits of having an early report?
Some of the benefits of an early report are:
It leads to early treatment and faster healing, thus avoiding chronic problems.
It leads to the rapid identification of the main cause of the injury.
It will start an ergonomic evaluation by trained personnel (Nurse and / or ergonomist)
