A database is various data of different types stored in a structured and logical way, which by using them generates information for decision-making. There are several types and models of databases that are used according to the characteristics they possess and that best suit the situation of each organism. We will talk about databases in the Health Sector which uses the dynamic information consultation service based on MOLAP technology (Multydimentional On Line Analytical Processing), which from this moment on we will identify as dynamic cubes. This technology brings several benefits since the response speed is great and allows to be in time and form for timely and adequate decision-making.
Introduction:
The world in which we operate today is surrounded by valuable information both for us and for organizations, which demands the use of databases that satisfy the access in time and form of the information as well as the interaction in real time to have correct results. for decision making.
This article mentions the databases used in the Health Sector and the benefits they have, making a previous tour of basic concepts of databases such as: The same concept of Databases, types, models, and then mention of the context of the Databases in the Health sector seeing the type that it uses and the reason for its use as well as the benefits that it has. Finally the conclusions will be given.
Development:
Let's understand in a simple way the concept of Database, this concept with which we are familiar every day, a database is various data of different types stored in a structured and logical way, which when making use of them generates information for the decision making. The database goes beyond simple lists since more information variables are intertwined which allow us to select the parameters that we want to obtain.
Databases have many uses: they facilitate the storage of large amounts of information; They allow the fast and flexible retrieval of information, with them you can organize and reorganize the information, as well as print or distribute it in different ways.
Currently, due to the great technological advances, most databases are already in electronic form, which offers a wide range of solutions to the problem of storing data.
We can find the following Types and Models of databases (2):
According to the variability of the stored data: Static databases and Dynamic databases; According to the content: Bibliographic databases, Full-text databases, Directories and Databases or "libraries" of Biological information. Database models; Hierarchical databases, Network database, Relational database, Multidimensional databases, Object-oriented databases, Documentary databases, Deductive databases and Distributed database management.
From this great variety of Database types and Models we see that the use of distributed databases will increase considerably as the data communication technology provides more facilities for it.
A Distributed Database (BDD) is a set of multiple logically related databases which are distributed among different sites interconnected by a communication network, which have the capacity of autonomous processing which indicates that it can carry out local operations or distributed. A Distributed Database System (SBDD) is a system in which multiple database sites are linked by a communications system in such a way that a user at any site can access data anywhere on the network exactly as if the data was there.
As we can see the databases are no longer limited locally and due to the great advance of the Internet monster, globalization is the order of the day and we can take advantage of it in the best way to access our data from anywhere in the world. planet at any time and rest assured that our data is available.
Today, most organizations, no matter how small they are, have databases, from the simplest to the most sophisticated, but they do have them, since they have realized the importance of information for decision-making. decisions.
When speaking of the Health Sector, we are talking about a large body committed to society that in turn handles a huge volume of data that make up the information of the millions of active users it serves, as well as the history of inactive users. Because the health sector serves millions of users among them; It is vitally important for children, women and men of all ages to have an adequate database sufficient in terms of large storage capacity and, above all, data security and integrity. Likewise, the information queries must be in a timely manner since the information here is extremely important.
The Mission of the Secretary of Health is: To contribute to a just, inclusive and sustainable human development, by promoting health as a shared social objective and universal access to comprehensive, high-quality services that meet the needs and meet expectations. of the population, while offering professional advancement opportunities to providers, within the framework of equitable financing, an honest, transparent and efficient use of resources, and broad citizen participation. (5)
This Mission carries great responsibility for the entire population that it serves, so it must have an adequate and timely analysis of the information to be in time and form in its evaluations that are carried out using indicators that we can put together according to the particular characteristics of each department and also according to what is going to be evaluated.
We find that in this Sector of the Ministry of Health uses the dynamic information consultation service based on MOLAP technology (Multydimentional On Line Analytical Processing), which from this moment on we will identify as dynamic cubes. The characteristics it presents are the following:
- This product allows you to exploit the information through a multidimensional vision, with different approaches, in the form of tables and graphs with an executive profile oriented to decision-making. Using Excel, the analyst can create his own indicators, however, this type They can also be carried out from the information cube itself. On this basis, different users will be able to build Information Systems for Managers and Decision Support Systems. The analysis process with the objective of extracting useful information remains, for example, to make classifications or predictions.
To better understand this concept, basic terms are shown below:
We find the OLAP concept which means online analytical processing for its meaning in English ((On-Line Analytical Processing). Its objective is to streamline the query of large amounts of data using multidimensional structures (or OLAP Cubes) that contain summary data of large Databases or Transactional Systems (OLTP) Its main one is its speed to execute SQL statements of type SELECT.
For cubes, there are three ways to store your information in OLAP:
- MOLAP - Multidimensional OLAP. ROLAP - Relational OLAP.HOLAP - hybrid OLAP.
Among these concepts, the cube stands out, which is a repository or integrated data warehouse oriented to a subject, which varies with time and which are not transitory which support the decision-making process of an administration. A cube allows interactive consultation of large volumes of data in a fast way. (6)
Due to the large volume and variety of data and information handled in the health sector, a cube is suitable since it allows multiple variables to be consulted (age, place, time, diagnoses) and also allows us to adequately monitor cases as well as to realize productivity.
The system used in this sector is MOLAP, which stands for Multidimensional Online Analytical Processing, and it differs significantly in that it requires preprocessing and storage of the information contained in the OLAP cube. MOLAP stores this data in an optimized multidimensional storage array, rather than in a relational database (or in a ROLAP). Among its many advantages we find the following: Quick queries due to the optimization of storage performance, multidimensional indexing and cache memory and Efficient data extraction achieved thanks to the pre-structuring of the aggregated data.The trend is towards HOLAP since it allows the model designer to decide what part of the data will be stored inMOLAP and part of ROLAP. (7)
Regardless of the type of database used by companies, in my view, they should:
- Adapt to the needs of the institution That its structure is coupled to that of the organization Adapt to future changes, mainly to growth in terms of data volume Provide the Organization with a fast, concise response speed and you will see access to data. Reliable in terms of data backup Anytime access from anywhere Have concentrated information to know how the trend of such an indicator has been and thus take the necessary measures Database managers must also act ethically due to the responsibility implied by the management of as much information and as valuable as it is in the Health Sector. That the way of obtaining the information is easy to use for the users even for those who are not familiar with these terms.Maintain the integrity of the data.
Likewise, databases and queries in this sector are used to:
- Plan solution strategies according to the information provided by the variety of indicators that appear. Detect alert points according to the reports that we can obtain from the data cubes. Provide a better service to users. Carry out an adequate evaluation at the three different levels. municipal, state and federal.The cubes allow us the detailed breakdown of the data so we can make a meticulous analysis of each factor.
Conclusions:
Databases are present in our daily life in the simplest way that we can imagine, from records on simple sheets to the best modern digitalized structure, it is our duty to detect opportunities to automate information and adapt it to our needs and that of the organisms in which we work. For this, it is important to know the different types of databases as well as the existing models.
The OLAP technology allows us to have a fast response time of large amount of information giving option to select which we want and which is useful.
The Health Sector is already targeting new dynamic databases and is seeing the importance of having adequate databases due to the large amount of information and so valuable it handles.
Technology reaches us and we must make the best of it, always seen for the benefit of others and what better if you have knowledge of the subject. Currently the need to implement more databases in the health sector is being seen because more information systems are being implemented for different programs carried out in the Health sector due to the need to automate the information and that all the processes that they are done faster and have the information at hand.
References:
data (2)
(6)
