From the industrial revolution to the present day; Fayol and Taylor a necessary validity
Since the beginning of its existence, the human being has felt the need to perform some task that allows him to feel fulfilled, productive, capable, and therefore in constant motion. This species had to carry out the same in order to maintain its subsistence and that of its environment, highlighting the constant transfer from one place to another, under miserable conditions of housing, climate, food, transport, in which there was no exchange, since it produced only what was consumed.
Later, as a natural element of the human being, new methods emerged, such as in the Neolithic era, an innovative technique known as barter appeared.
This technique brought with it new behaviors in the parties involved, since the one who produced food and clothing in surplus, wanted to give it in exchange for preserving and safeguarding the other, which by motivation made him increasingly productive, and without realizing it. great planner. Many researchers agree that from this moment, agriculture and livestock began the true real economic activity of humanity, since from there terms such as private property and the concept of wealth appeared.
Product of several centuries, agriculture and livestock were kept as first-rate economic activities. It is therefore from the year 1650 that the Industrial Revolution began as a sudden expansion of the economy, the product of a set of technical and economic transformations that characterized the substitution of physical energy for the mechanical energy of machines, the change to manufacturing production by the factory in the capitalist production process. The most important cause for its development was the appearance of steam machines, the mechanical loom, the spinning machines that revolutionized industrial production techniques in the 18th century.
Since from this time thinkers and observers of the stature of Frederick Taylor and Henry Fayol emerged, who evaluated the working methods, tasks, norms, among other elements, that were determining in the efficiency of the organization's productive processes and therefore in their subsistence and growth.
The first of them, creator of the Scientific Administration, being precise in the observation and evaluation of the times in the execution of tasks, remuneration, standards, where the same workers were responsible for planning and executing their tasks, assuming methods that they considered correct, everything from an optics from the highest to the lowest levels of the organization.
The other, a forerunner of the Classical Theory, with great concern in increasing the efficiency of companies through the restructuring of their departments and their relationships with each other, with an inverse perception to scientific theory.
Well, these illustrious men, have contributed so far more than one hundred (100) years of administration, in which their processes, techniques and principles are of mandatory study and application in all managerial activity in any part of the world.
Being appropriate to indicate that, as a result of the contributions described above, technological advances, the abolition of racism and the recognition of the importance of the workforce, other theories emerged such as that of human resources, motivation, bureaucracy, efficiency, theory X and Y, theory Z, among others, which have contributed to the increase in employee appropriation and love for the company, through lifetime job stability, salary benefits, training, promotions, recognition for its effectiveness, including your family well-being both inside and outside your workplace.
Today we talk about Empowerment, Outsourcing, Benchmarking, Reengineering, among others, in general terms as techniques capable of achieving empowerment such as empowering, enabling, training, authorizing, empowering and subordinate empowered and empowered the feeling that they own their own work, also as a way in which the company recognizes that there is another company that is more efficient in the execution of a certain task, therefore, when it is granted, it implies lower costs and finally with the ability to evaluate products, services and processes of the most efficient companies in the field and try to improve.
Finally, it can be said that administrative activity is, without a doubt, the most important aspect of the life of organizations. It is worth noting that the world's big companies have not achieved success just because they produce more or their costs and expenses are less and less every day, nor because they are monopolistic.
Well, it is useless for management to have large dollar accounts and the company great capital when the human talent that is part of the operational level of the organization is in extreme poverty from the intellectual, financial and above all moral point of view, this translates in the long term into a company with large losses, bankruptcy or backwardness.
Hence the great challenge that managers of the 21st century have, in terms of following the task of the great thinkers mentioned above, who must learn and teach at least on: innovate, define, create, accept, study, plan, organize, control, make decisions, take risks, motivate, communicate, value, mutual affection, respect, discipline, among other factors, without losing sanity and always framed within the objectives of the Organization. Undoubtedly, this is where the key is to achieve true productivity, satisfaction, transformation and growth of the countries' economies.
