Knowledge management strategy

Introduction.

Today there is frequent talk about the need to pay attention to the intangible values of the organization, especially those that are capable of bringing economic value to the organization. Knowledge is one of the greatest assets within an organization. Through its management, greater wealth or added value can be achieved to better position the organization in the market.

Knowledge management is a weapon with which one can attack organizational problems, since the individual knowledge of each person within the company can be converted into collective knowledge, giving greater weight to information and thus being able to integrate better ideas to attack the problem in question.

The knowledge that an organization possesses can become a source of sustainable competitive advantage by deploying an effective knowledge management strategy, which allows for the creation of innovative actions to generate products, services, processes and management systems that optimize the resources and capabilities of the company.

During the next article, the subject will be discussed in more depth, about what knowledge management is, its definitions, the objectives it has within an organization, as well as the benefits of proper knowledge management.

Knowledge management, what is it ?.

Knowledge, which is the entire set of cognitions and skills with which individuals often solve problems, comprises both theory and practice, everyday rules as well as instructions for action, knowledge is based on data and information, but unlike these it is always linked to people; it is an integral part of individuals and represents their beliefs about causal relationships (Probst, 2001)

A definition of knowledge management according to (Review, 2003) is the following: It is the systematic process of detecting, selecting, organizing, filtering, presenting and using the information by the participants of the company, in order to exploit cooperatively the knowledge resource based on the intellectual capital of organizations, aimed at enhancing organizational skills and generating value.

Knowledge management activities are related to various fields of knowledge. The specialists define various activities that make up the knowledge life cycle, the most general of which are those aimed at identifying, acquiring, developing, sharing and using.

The company must therefore do the following:

Identify knowledge: At this point the company must have clear objectives, about what it wants to achieve and where it wants to go, it must also perform an introspective analysis and thus be able to identify knowledge gaps, that is, knowledge not It has both an explicit level and an organizational level, that is, its personnel, its processes, its strategies, among other things. This information is of utmost importance for decision-making and to obtain it, the organization must carry out brainstorming, knowledge maps, customer feedback, website monitoring, among other things.

Acquire knowledge: The organization is capable of acquiring knowledge in multiple markets, however the important thing is that it must know how to distinguish between the knowledge that can be used at the moment, as well as the knowledge that can be used in the future, that is to say Thinking in the long term is also a good strategy with which knowledge can be managed, all the external knowledge acquired must be the most compatible with the organization so that it can be integrated in a better way. There are several methods to acquire knowledge such as through external consultants, through the selection of clients, through strategic alliances, talent hunting among many others that exist.

Developing knowledge: It is important to know how knowledge can be developed within the organization, it must take into account individuals and groups, in order to consider the flow of ideas within for innovation and improvement processes. Ways to carry out this activity:

Programs for the development of creativity to solve problems in a systematic way. Procedures for planning innovation. High-performance teams that investigate new technologies.

Sharing knowledge: During this stage, the important thing is to share the information obtained, this way of sharing the information must be clear and with quality, so that the other individuals to whom we share it are clear and without any doubt, This with the idea that this knowledge can be used in the best way within the processes and add value to them, some ways of sharing knowledge are through workshops, conferences, staff rotation, teleconferences, Skype, web pages, email, among other things.

Use the knowledge: Once the knowledge is acquired and shared, it is necessary to use it, the knowledge adds value or acquires value only when it is used within the organization, the excess of this can cause it to be wasted, so it is recommended to have storage strategies and the ways of sharing knowledge.

Retain knowledge: It is important to know how to retain knowledge, since its leakage can represent a setback in its improvement process and it is very important to have it on hand to reuse it, that is why the organization must know how to safeguard and store it This knowledge, some of the ways in which it can be safeguarded and stored is through the lived experiences of the workers, through the elaboration of procedures, as well as through the documentation of the results of successful projects.

Below is the cycle of knowledge management.

Knowledge Management Objectives

The objectives of knowledge management are as follows:

Increase business opportunities. Increase communication. Increase present and future competitiveness. Increase the leadership of the company in its market. Increase performance.

Organizations are said to be increasingly dependent on knowledge and organizations will increasingly be distinguished by their culture. An organization that is capable of learning is an organization that can create, acquire, and modify knowledge at its best convenience.

There are at least seven sources to analyze the knowledge that an organization possesses, these sources are the following:

Training: It is the basic knowledge that a person possesses to carry out with decision the position that they hold. Resources: It is the knowledge about the resources that are used for the development of a process. For example, the way of operating machinery or tools.Processes: It is the knowledge found in the processes, they are a series of activities that from the resources generate changes in them with a pre-established purpose.History: It is all the knowledge that appears in the experience. Information: It is the knowledge that is found in books, manuals, all those audiovisual media and within the reach of people. Human talent: It is the knowledge that each person possesses, characteristic of their studies, and Although they belong to each of them, according to them, the company hires each employee.It is the knowledge that appears as a result of the initiative that people have to innovate or improve.(Saints.)

Actions for effective knowledge management.

It is important to create a strategy that allows all people within the organization to have access to knowledge and also to be able to develop their full potential of knowledge. This strategy must be a knowledge management strategy that integrates five fundamental actions: understanding needs and knowledge opportunities; build knowledge relevant to the business; organize and distribute the knowledge of the organization; create conditions for the application of company knowledge and exploit knowledge.

Understanding the needs and opportunities of knowledge: involves carrying out an analysis of the activities of the organization, an assessment of needs in the field of current and future knowledge, an assessment of the potential for use of available knowledge and the creation and implementation of strategies that ensure the acquisition, appropriation and integration of new knowledge in the actions and activities of the company.

Build business-relevant knowledge: allows the organization to understand its forms and mechanisms of action and understand how it carries out the processes of innovation, training, learning, research and other actions related to the development of the learning curve; In other words, the production of knowledge ensures the viability and sustainability of business activity.

Organizing and distributing knowledge: requires, in the first instance, objectifying it; that is, extract it from people's minds and place it in manuals, procedures, documents, etc. This is to transform explicit knowledge into tacit knowledge. In summary, give structure to the knowledge that the organization possesses to facilitate the distribution process and its subsequent application in the value creation process.

Create conditions for the application of company knowledge: it is an action focused on generating sustainable competitive advantages, by using business knowledge to solve problems, make decisions, add value to products and services, enrich jobs and empower workers to ensure the creation of capacities that allow to exploit in an effective and productive way the full potential of the knowledge and resources available in the organization.

Exploiting knowledge: corresponds to the action that ensures the sustainability of the company through: the use of knowledge of the organization in the processes of manufacturing products or providing services; generation of high added value and differentiated products and services; structuring the processes carried out; the application of management systems that optimize the effectiveness in the use of the resources and the capacity of the organization. (Garcia., 2007)

Innovation in organizations.

Innovation in the organization is known as the company's ability to generate creative and ingenious solutions, so that they are profitable and meet the needs, expectations and demands of consumers. Therefore, organizations are required to have strategies and develop skills to stimulate innovation processes within the organization. Innovation is something we cannot get rid of.

Innovation within the company requires developing three fundamental actions: identifying innovation opportunities, identifying relevant knowledge to take advantage of innovation opportunities, and generating sustainable and profitable solutions for the organization.

Innovation in Organizations

Elements to apply knowledge management in the organization.

It is suggested to the company to incorporate elements of management by processes, from the determination of the frame of reference of the elaboration of the methodological guide. The company should try to align knowledge management with its strategic objectives and business processes. The strategy and objectives should be reviewed in light of new market demands, the development of knowledge in different areas inside and outside the company, and the results of the knowledge management initiative. The following proposal can serve as a guide for the execution of this task. If the company decides to start with an initiative related to knowledge management, it must have:

A mission statement focused on knowledge management. A vision of knowledge management. A knowledge management strategy. The goals of knowledge management. (Alfaro, 2011)

Creation of the knowledge management strategy.

The methodology for developing the knowledge management strategy states that the implementation of management begins with the analysis of the company's strategy. This knowledge strategy process consists of six basic steps:

What is the most significant business perspective for the near future? Which “areas of knowledge” are the most significant for the perspective of the selected businesses? What key performance indicators used in the business are applicable to the perspective selected? (This step frequently alternates with step 2.) What is the current and future impact of knowledge areas on key performance indicators? What is the state of our knowledge areas and where should we improve? What is our plan and how should we monitor its progress?

The knowledge strategy process focuses on business strategy and is coordinated through related business support functions, especially competency development, organizational development, and information management infrastructure and information technology. (Alfaro, 2011)

Keys to the success of a knowledge management program.

The tasks to develop the knowledge management must be incumbent on the organization's strategy. Make a study of the activities that are carried out in the organization in order to determine in which one can get a competitive advantage. Convert all knowledge that is implicit in knowledge Explicit. Be certain that the collection, storage and retrieval of knowledge is what is really giving value to the organization. Be certain that the tool selected for the storage and retrieval of knowledge is the right one. Communicate or transmit all Knowledge that has been collected from the entire organization. Managers should always take into account and support the suggestions and initiatives that result from the process.

Knowledge management models.

Gopal and Gagnon (1995) divides their model into three areas.

Knowledge management. It represents a meeting of the intellectual capital of the organization, where the current situation of knowledge is defined and also where it is directed to. Information management. It is the consolidation of the information obtained, it is where the information is sought to have the desired quality and characteristics in order to have the situation defined in the first stage. Learning administration. It is in the part where all the implicit and explicit knowledge is transformed, where the strategies to follow in order to be able to be established, likewise measure it and so that learning and knowledge are integrated into the culture of the organization and become values that help to motivate individuals and this is how continuous improvement is generated at this stage,the learning cycle opens and closes repeatedly.

Nonaka model (1991).

Nonaka's model consists of six steps to follow, which are the following:

Build self-regulating teams.Increase individual knowledge through shared tacit knowledge.Convert implicit knowledge into explicit.Transform knowledge into a product or system.Create new concepts.Integrate new concepts into the knowledge base. (Saints.)

The general objectives of knowledge management in a company are to identify, acquire, develop, share, use and retain the result of the union of available information and the opinions, experiences and points of view contributed by all the members of the company, to use them to your advantage.

Knowledge management seeks the following specific benefits.

Transfer the knowledge acquired in the company in the fastest and most effective way, so that the information does not lose its value. Use the employee as an engine of innovation; The main source is internal. Identify new strategies for experimentation and solution to problems. Transform the knowledge of the personnel into corporate competences and competitive advantages. Measure and share the effect of each of the employees in the company. Learn more quickly and get make the most of our experience. Capitalize on the knowledge created, and achieve a return on investment in staff training, and in the knowledge of our customers and competitors. Create in the organization a culture of continuous improvement and learning. (Alfaro, 2011)

Thesis proposal.

Implement a knowledge management program within an organization in the Córdoba - Orizaba Region.

General objective.

Determine the strategies to follow for the implementation of a knowledge management program that allows the company to store, consolidate and retain the information and knowledge necessary for its growth through continuous improvement and for the families of the region who work there..

conclusion

Knowledge management is a potential strategy or weapon to attack any problem that is detected within an organization, since by allowing us to have all the information from the same collaborators, we can have a consolidation of valuable information which giving it the correct use or Management allows us to correctly exploit this resource and thus be able to boost the organization and increase the skills within the organization and generate value to it.

Thanks

I thank my mother who makes all this possible for her effort so that I can be where I am today, I thank the institution that gives me the opportunity to study this master's degree, such as the National Technological Institute of Mexico, Technological Institute of Orizaba, In the same way, I thank my teachers who have contributed their knowledge and dedicated their time from my training, especially to Doctor Fernando Aguirre Y Hernández, who guides me in every step I take to achieve the objective, to CONACYT, who gives us their support and confidence to carry out these studies and that values the effort we make every day.

Bibliography.

Alfaro, HP (2011). http://www.cegesti.org. Retrieved on February 21, 2018, from

www.cegesti.org/exitoempresarial/publicaciones/publicacion_135_310111_es.pdf

Garcia., NN (2007). www.journal.ean.edu.co. Retrieved on February 21, 2018, from www.journal.ean.edu.co: http://www.journal.ean.edu.co/index.php/Revista/article/download/418/412 Probst, GR (2001). Manage knowledge. Mexico DF: Prentice Hall.

Review, HB (2003). Knowledge management. Spain: Deusto.

Santos., YN (sf). http://www.unicauca.edu.co. Retrieved on February 21, 2018, from http://www.unicauca.edu.co: http://www.unicauca.edu.co/innovaccioncauca/sites/default/files/documentos_dem anda_conocimiento / zzzzzzDocumento-deman.pdf