Introduction
In the organization and coordination, the main points are established to be able to carry out the management of the current organization in an effective way, since these two terms are very useful for correct decision-making.
Carrying out the design of a hierarchical structure gives the administrator the opportunity to achieve coordination of the elements that make up the organization. Below we will see these two terms in depth and in a quick way, in order to provide the administrator with the foundation for the correct application of the techniques and the correct decision making.
1.1. The organization as an entity
"Set of people with the necessary and adequate means that are related to each other and work to achieve a specific purpose that can be both lucrative and non-profit" (Campos, 1996)
1.2. The organization as a managerial function
The origin of the organization was given in order to satisfy human needs that one would not achieve oneself, this makes personal activities not so expensive and better productivity is achieved, but to achieve better results and constantly advance it is necessary to carry out in an organized way. For this reason, the organization is a tool to effectively do the work carried out by a certain group of people, that is, the organization is not an end in itself, but a means to carry out that end. (Nekane Aramburu)
Nowadays, it is not only important for the company to have thoughts of an orderly and functional structure, but due to current changes and new trends, it is necessary for the company to have managers who think and act strategically, in order to stay in the market, in a proper way.
1.2.1. Organizational design
This is a process within which management makes decisions in order to choose the appropriate organizational structure for the organization's strategy and the environment in which the strategy is put into practice by the members of the organization. Therefore, organizational design makes management take into account two important points of the company, towards the inside and towards the outside.
At first, the processes of organizational design revolved according to the internal functioning of an organization, due to this, at the time known as} Industrial Revolution it was not easy to carry out the organization of large-scale companies. (Stoner, 1996)
1.3. Organization techniques
Within the administrative field, the use of various tools and techniques is essential, this in order to have good control and management for decision-making.
1.3.1. Organization chart
The organization chart is the simplified graphic representation of the formal structure that an organization has adopted. The purpose of the organization chart is to show in a clearer way the description of the events and processes. The following advantages of diagrams can be taken into account.
- They reduce the presentation space through the use of symbols. They are an effective means of communication and analysis. They allow the rapid location of inconsistencies, errors, trends, bottlenecks, etc., in the facts presented. They facilitate the representation of complex problems. Easy to compare with other systems Easier to upgrade
There are several different forms of design in terms of the graphic representation of the diagrams, depending on the application it is used with greater or less intensity, then the forms with the most use will be presented. Of all of them, it is considered that the vertical representation form is the simplest interpretation, at the same time it presents greater possibilities in terms of the information to be displayed.
Diagram is structured form vertical representation.
Illustration 1. Diagram is structured form vertical representation.
Structure diagram form horizontal representation.
Illustration 2. Structure diagram forms horizontal representation.
Diagram is structured circular representation.
Illustration 3. Diagram of circular representation structure.
Structure diagram form semicircular representation.
Illustration 4. Structure diagram forms semicircular representation.
1.3.2. Manuals
One of the most common problems in management is maintaining adequate communication between the different organizational levels. The use of administrative manuals helps in a great way to solve this type of problem, because these instructions are received and can be studied methodically in order to carry out an adequate preparation process.
The purpose of an administrative manual depends to a great extent on what you want to carry or the objectives to be met, the first thing to determine is who the manual is directed to and why. Administrative manuals can be used to teach and guide staff, standardize and control procedural steps, resolve hierarchical or jurisdictional conflicts and other administrative problems that arise when communication is closed.
1.3.3. Procedure or flow chart
This tool consists of graphical representations of the algorithm, it is widely used in programming, industrial processes, economics, etc., in order to represent step-by-step workflows.
Flowchart.
Illustration 5. Miscellaneous symbols, Adapted from: Farina, Mario V. Flow Diagram. Diana, Mexico. 1976. p.13.
The computer can produce flowcharts automatically, this allows the administrator to have immediate help for his work. The following shows the symbology used in the diagram. (Viquez, 1979).
1.3.4. Coordination
What the administration seeks in a direct way is to obtain results of maximum efficiency, and this is only achieved with coordination, this means that it is the maximum efficiency or use of material resources, these can be capital, raw materials, machines, etc.
A good administrator is not a good administrator because he is an engineer, accountant, economist, lawyer, etc., but he is good with respect to the qualities and techniques he possesses to coordinate efficiently. For this reason, coordination is considered the essence of administration. (Ponce, 2004)
conclusion
Regarding the organization and coordination, both parts can be considered as a process that consists of integrating the activities of independent departments in order to effectively pursue organizational goals. These two terms are of great importance to apply to the current organization, since it provides the administrator with control and command towards making the most accurate decisions possible, and in order to continue growing as an organization.
Coordination is the complement to achieve a division of labor and labor specialization. It is essential today to be aware of the various administrative techniques and tools, especially knowing how to apply them to be able to carry out problem solving.
Bibliography
- Campos, B. (1996). Organization of companies: Structure, Processes and Models. Madrid: Pyramid. Nekane Aramburu, OR (sf). Organization of companies. San Sebastian: Deusto.Ponce, AR (2004). Business Administration, Part One. Mexico, DF: Limusa.Stoner, JA (1996). Administration. Mexico: Pearson Education.Viquez, JU (1979). Operations scheduling. State Distance University.
