Important conceptualization
Before getting fully involved in the aforementioned topic, it is important to know some important concepts for optimal understanding of the topic.
Data: collected facts, raw and that are symbolically identified with letters, numbers, values, results, etc.
Information: processed facts endowed with relevance and with some purpose, within the environment in which they are developed and that present some value.
System: module of elements that are interrelated, ordered and that interact with each other.
Information System: in charge of providing information with some important attributes that help to carry out an operation, make a decision, when it is needed.
Information attributes
- Comprehension: It must be understandable Economic: Minimum cost to obtain this information Trust: Quality of data and sources of information Relevance: Useful Completeness: All appropriate and important content Verifiability Can be verified Opportunity: Delivered to the person who required (time and form). Level of detail: Presentation and required format.
Information Systems Classification
Classification of Information Systems
Support to operational activities:
- For structured activities (business management applications) Less structured activities (technical programs for engineering functions, office applications, etc.)
Decision support and management control:
That can be given from business management applications or through specific applications.
Area where these systems are applied:
Areas of the company: human resources, marketing, etc.
Types of information systems
- ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning: integrated management systems that control the processes of the entire company (HR, finance, production, etc.) CRM: Customer Relationship Management: management of the relationship with customers and business contacts Business Intelligent: Data exploitation and information for decision making.TPS: Transaction Processing Systems: Transaction and operations processes.MIS: Management Information Systems: difference between information systems.BPM: Business Process Management: design, execution and control of processes.DATAWAREHOUSING: Storage data from various sources DATAMINING: Detection and display of relationships between data and obtain certain types of information QUERIES AND REPORTING: Queries and Reports from relational databases BALANCED SCORECARD: Balanced Scorecard:planning and control that allows generating strategies and verifying their execution. CORPORATE WEBSITE: Projection of corporate image, communication, coordination and business operations. DOCUMENTARY MANAGEMENT; Support for all phases of all document management systems. SCM: Supply Chain Management: automation of the organization's supply chain. CTI: Computer Telephony Integration: Integration between computer systems and telephone communication systems. GIS: Geographical Information System (Computer Information Systems) geographic information management system (map graphics) SGSI: Information Security Management System: information security management EDI: Electronic Data Interchange: Information exchange at level logistic and commercial CAD:Computer Aided Desing.
Human component
As we know in a company previously, the main component was the so-called "HUMANWARE" or the personnel in charge of the planned tasks in the organizational structure, informally speaking.
However, today the use of different information systems has been displacing this trend, as fewer and fewer workers are required to comply with business obligations.
However, it is still of the utmost importance, since they carry out the design, development, implementation, operation, supervision, and management of these systems.
An information system would not fulfill its objective if there is no one to provide the protected or generated information.
The great disadvantage offered by this variety is the constant training to which the employees in charge of these systems are subjected, as innovations are emerging every day that offer a competitive advantage over opponents in the market.
Despite this, the benefits are greater, since there is a specific and meticulous control of all the processes, documents, financial control, among others of the company.
Although the human component is required less and less, this continues to be the basis of information systems, due to the great importance they acquire when having the final decision or the so-called “decision making”.
Bibliography
- Gómez Vieites, Á., & Suárez Rey, C. (2012). Information systems. Practical tools for business management. Mexico: Alfaomega.
