The main factors in creating highly productive and satisfied workers are compensation and recognition for effective performance. Compensation must be meaningful to employees, be it financial, psychological, or both. In the broad sense, all flexible compensation plans. Four types of flexible plans will be briefly presented: 1) parts worked and labor hour plans, 2) additional earnings compensation plans; 3) stock-raising plans, and 4) profit-sharing plans.
Through the IIMEYDIT program we were able to establish an incentive system for a job, which was "assembly of an aerosol" in the company TUTSI, taking the necessary data, that is, the standards established in the company by the analyst, we determined the cost per piece ($) the income ($) and efficiency (%), then as shown below, we can see the IIMEYDIT program window,
standard-time-applications-in-Tutsi-1STANDARD HOUR PLAN
TAYLOR DIFFERENTIAL CUTTING PLAN
Any type of supervision bonus linked to productivity will depend directly on having equitable standard methods and times. And since workers receive more and better supervisory care under a plan in which supervisor bonuses are performance-related, most supervisory plans consider an operator's productivity as the primary criterion for setting such bonuses or bonuses. Other factors that are often considered in supervisor bonuses are indirect labor costs, waste cost, product quality, and method improvement.
Where standards of methods and times are used there will be a natural tendency to place the right person in the right job, so that the established standards are met or exceeded. Assigning workers the job for which they are best suited is the best measure for their satisfaction in their activity. Workers tend to be motivated when they know the goals that have been set, and how these objectives align with those of the organization.
WORK PER DAY MEASURED
COST CALCULATION AND BUDGETARY CONTROL
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
A more quantitative approach to deciding between alternatives is a cost benefit analysis. This approach requires five steps:
- Determine what changes due to better design, i.e. increased productivity, higher quality, fewer injuries Quantify these changes (benefits) in monetary units Determine the Cost required to implement the changes Divide the cost by the benefit for each alternative, in order to create one reason The smallest reason sets the desired alternative.
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE INVESTMENT
ECONOMIC DECISION TOOLS
The three monitoring techniques most often used to determine whether to invest in a proposed method are: 1) the return on sales method, 2) the return on investment or payback method, and 3) the discounted cash flow method
| Sales | Costs | |
| 5000 | 2000 | |
| 6000 | 2200 | |
| 7000 | 2400 | |
| 8000 | 2600 | |
| 7000 | 2400 | |
| 6000 | 2200 | |
| 5000 | 2000 | |
| 4000 | 1800 | |
| 3000 | 1600 | |
| 2000 | 1500 | |
| Totals | 53000 | 20700 |
| Average | 5300 | 2070 |
Recovery Period is 4 years
| Utility | Factor | Current value | |
| one | 3000 | 0.9091 | 2727 |
| two | 3800 | 0.8264 | 3140 |
| 3 | 4600 | 0.7513 | 3456 |
| 4 | 5400 | 0.6830 | 3688 |
| 5 | 4600 | 0.6209 | 2856 |
| 6 | 3800 | 0.5645 | 2145 |
| 7 | 3000 | 0.5132 | 1540 |
| 8 | 2200 | 0.4665 | 1026 |
| 9 | 1400 | 0.4241 | 594 |
| 10 | 500 | 0.3855 | 193 |
| Totals | 32300 | 6.1445 | 21365 |
| Average | 3230 |
Return on investment
Sales performance
The method successfully passes all three evaluation methods. The returns of 61% on sales and 32.2% on capital investment represent very attractive rates. The return on the capital investment of $ 10,000 will take place in 3.09 years and the cash flow analysis reveals that the original investment is recovered in 4 years period in which it gains 10%. Over the expected 10-year life of the product, an additional $ 11,566 will be earned on the original investment.
SHARE THE PROFITS OF THE COMPANY
LABOR CONTROL
Direct labor refers to workers who are involved in the direct manufacture of the product. Direct costs are calculated from the time required to manufacture the product (standard time) multiplied by the wage rate.
Constantly to the time standards, there are many control measures, otherwise it would be impossible to put them into practice, such as scheduling, work routing, control, materials, budgets, forecasts, planning and standard costs. By having controls for practically every phase of an industrial activity, including production, engineering, sales and costs, management problems are minimized. By applying the “exception principle”, according to which attention is paid only to the concepts that are contributed from the planned course of events, the management will be in a position to concentrate its efforts only on a small segment of the total activity of the company. business.
APPLICATION OF THE METHODS AND STANDARDS IN THE CONTROL PROCESS.
Control of productivity is the operational phase in which they schedule, distribute and expedite them, and compliance with production orders is monitored so that operating economies are achieved and consumer demands are satisfied as best as possible.
Work Scheduling, one of the main functions of production control, is generally handled in three degrees of refinement:
- Master or Long Term Scheduling Firm Order Scheduling Detailed Operations Scheduling or Machine Loading
No matter what degree of refinement in the programming method, it would be completely impossible without time standards. The success of a plan or program is directly related to the accuracy of the time values used to determine the program.
With reliable time standards, a manufacturing company does not have to rely on incentive pay to determine and control its labor costs. The relationship between the effective hours of production work in a department and the hours timed in that department provides information about the efficiency of the department. The reciprocal of the efficiency multiplied by the average hourly rate will give the cost per hour based on standard production.
Budgeting consists of establishing an Action Plan:
Most of the budgets are based on the allocation of sums of money for a center a specific area of work. Therefore, for a certain period you can establish a sales budget, a production budget, and so on. Since money and time are clearly related, any budget is a result of standard time, regardless of how it was determined.
The establishment of standard times forces or forces the maintenance of quality requirements. Since production standards are based on the number of acceptable parts produced per unit of time, and since no points or credits are awarded for resulting defective work, there will be constant intense effort on the part of all operators to produce only parts. with the quality set.
LEARNING CURVE
The TUTSI company requires producing bicycles (rear window envelopes) following an 80% learning curve and requires 11 hours 45 minutes for the first envelope to be completed. You want to know the time required for the sixteenth unit of the series.
Thus:
WORK SAMPLING
The purpose of a statistical study is usually to draw conclusions about the nature of a population. As the population is large and cannot be studied in its entirety in most cases, the conclusions obtained should be based on examining only a part of it, which leads us, first of all, to the justification, necessity and definition of the different sampling techniques.
The first obligatory terms to which we must refer, defined in the first chapter, will be the statistical estimator.
Within this context, it will be necessary to assume a statistic or estimator as a random variable with a certain distribution, and which will be the key piece in the two broad categories of statistical inference: estimation and hypothesis testing. The concept of estimator, as a fundamental tool, is characterized by a series of properties that will help us to choose the "best" for a certain parameter of a population, as well as some methods for obtaining them, both in the point estimation and by intervals.
How to deduce the law of probability about a certain character of a population when we only know a sample? This is a problem we face when, for example, we try to study the relationship between smoking and lung cancer and we try to extend the conclusions obtained on a sample to the rest of the individuals in the population. The fundamental task of inferential statistics is to make inferences about the population from a sample drawn from it. Applying the work sample to our example it would be as follows:
or
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